Portal:China

Portal maintenance status: (October 2020) This portal's subpages have been checked by an editor, and are needed. Please take care when editing, especially if using automated editing software. Learn how to update the maintenance information here.

Portal topics - (Random portal)

Activities

Culture

Geography

Health

History

Mathematics

Nature

People

Philosophy

Religion

Society

Technology

---

edit  The China Portal Shortcuts P:ZHP:ZH P:CHNP:CHN P:CHINAP:CHINA Geography of China China, officially the People's Republic of China (PRC), is a country in East Asia. With a population exceeding 1.4 billion, it is the second-most populous country after India, representing 17.4% of the world population. China is vast; it borders fourteen countries by land across an area of nearly 9.6 million square kilometers (3,700,000 sq mi), making it the third-largest country by land area. The country is divided into 33 province-level divisions: 22 provinces, 5 autonomous regions, 4 municipalities, and 2 semi-autonomous special administrative regions. Beijing is the country's capital, while Shanghai is its most populous city by urban area and largest financial center. Considered one of six cradles of civilization, China saw the first human inhabitants in the region arriving during the Paleolithic. By the late 2nd millennium BCE, the earliest dynastic states had emerged in the Yellow River basin. The 8th–3rd centuries BCE saw a breakdown in the authority of the Zhou dynasty, accompanied by the emergence of administrative and military techniques, literature, philosophy, and historiography. In 221 BCE, China was unified under an emperor, ushering in more than two millennia of imperial dynasties including the Qin, Han, Tang, Yuan, Ming, and Qing. With the invention of gunpowder and paper, the establishment of the Silk Road, and the building of the Great Wall, Chinese culture flourished and has heavily influenced both its neighbors and lands further afield. However, China began to cede parts of the country in the late 19th century to various European powers by a series of unequal treaties. After decades of Qing China on the decline, the 1911 Revolution overthrew the Qing dynasty and the monarchy and the Republic of China (ROC) was established the following year. China is a unitary communist state led by the CCP that self-designates as a socialist state. It is one of the five permanent members of the UN Security Council; the UN representative for China was changed from the ROC (Taiwan) to the PRC in 1971. It is a founding member of several multilateral and regional organizations such as the AIIB, the Silk Road Fund, the New Development Bank, and the RCEP. It is a member of BRICS, the G20, APEC, the SCO, and the East Asia Summit. Making up around one-fifth of the world economy, the Chinese economy is the world's largest by PPP-adjusted GDP and the second-largest by nominal GDP. China is the second-wealthiest country, albeit ranking poorly in measures of democracy, human rights and religious freedom. The country has been one of the fastest-growing major economies and is the world's largest manufacturer and exporter, as well as the second-largest importer. China is a nuclear-weapon state with the world's largest standing army by military personnel and the second-largest defense budget. It is widely described as either an emerging superpower or an established superpower, due to its global influence in the fields of geopolitics, technology, manufacturing, economics and culture. China is known for its cuisine and culture and, as a megadiverse country, has 60 UNESCO World Heritage Sites, the second-highest number of any country. (Full article...) Refresh with new selections below (purge)   Featured article - load new batch This is a featured article, which represents some of the best content on English Wikipedia. Image 1 The Western Han dynasty in 2 AD   Principalities and centrally-administered commanderies   Protectorate of the Western Regions (Tarim Basin) The Han dynasty was an imperial dynasty of China (202 BC – 9 AD, 25–220 AD) established by Liu Bang and ruled by the House of Liu. The dynasty was preceded by the short-lived Qin dynasty (221–206 BC) and a warring interregnum known as the Chu–Han Contention (206–202 BC), and it was succeeded by the Three Kingdoms period (220–280 AD). The dynasty was briefly interrupted by the Xin dynasty (9–23 AD) established by the usurping regent Wang Mang, and is thus separated into two periods—the Western Han (202 BC – 9 AD) and the Eastern Han (25–220 AD). Spanning over four centuries, the Han dynasty is considered a golden age in Chinese history, and had a permanent impact on Chinese identity in later periods. The majority ethnic group of modern China refer to themselves as the "Han people" or "Han Chinese". The spoken Chinese and written Chinese are referred to respectively as the "Han language" and "Han characters". The Han emperor was at the pinnacle of Han society and culture. He presided over the Han government but shared power with both the nobility and the appointed ministers who came largely from the scholarly gentry class. The Han Empire was divided into areas directly controlled by the central government called commanderies, as well as a number of semi-autonomous kingdoms. These kingdoms gradually lost all vestiges of their independence, particularly following the Rebellion of the Seven States. From the reign of Emperor Wu (r. 141–87 BC) onward, the Chinese court officially sponsored Confucianism in education and court politics, synthesized with the cosmology of later scholars such as Dong Zhongshu. (Full article...) Image 2 The Ming dynasty considered Tibet to be part of the Western Regions. While the Ming dynasty at its height had some degree of influence in Tibet, the exact nature of their relations is under dispute by modern scholars. Analysis of the relationship is further complicated by modern political conflicts and the application of Westphalian sovereignty to a time when the concept did not exist. The Historical Status of China's Tibet, a book published by the People's Republic of China, asserts that the Ming dynasty had unquestioned sovereignty over Tibet by pointing to the Ming court's issuing of various titles to Tibetan leaders, Tibetans' full acceptance of the titles, and a renewal process for successors of these titles that involved traveling to the Ming capital. Scholars in China also argue that Tibet has been an integral part of China since the 13th century and so it was a part of the Ming Empire. However, most scholars outside China, such as Turrell V. Wylie, Melvyn C. Goldstein, and Helmut Hoffman, say that the relationship was one of suzerainty, Ming titles were only nominal, Tibet remained an independent region outside Ming control, and it simply paid tribute until the Jiajing Emperor, who ceased relations with Tibet. Some scholars note that Tibetan leaders during the Ming frequently engaged in civil war and conducted their own foreign diplomacy with neighboring states such as Nepal. Some scholars underscore the commercial aspect of the Ming–Tibetan relationship, noting the Ming dynasty's shortage of horses for warfare and thus the importance of the horse trade with Tibet. Others argue that the significant religious nature of the relationship of the Ming court with Tibetan lamas is underrepresented in modern scholarship. (Full article...) Image 3 A Yuan-era stele in the ruins of the Cross Temple. Another stele (left) and some scattered groundwork (right) are visible in the background. The Cross Temple (Chinese: 十字寺; pinyin: Shízì sì) is a former place of worship in Fangshan, Beijing. The temple was used during different periods by Buddhists and early Chinese Christians. Though it was originally built as a Buddhist temple, some scholars hypothesise that it saw Christian use during the Tang dynasty (618–907). The temple was used by Buddhists during the Liao dynasty (916–1125) and by Christians during the Yuan dynasty (1271–1368). It returned to Buddhist use during the Ming dynasty (1368–1644), before being sold in 1911. It was first recorded in modern scholarship in 1919, damaged during the Cultural Revolution, and re-established as a national-level protected site in 2006. Some scholars consider it to be the only place of worship of the Church of the East (also known as Nestorian Christianity) discovered in China. Today, the site features two ancient steles, as well as groundwork and the bases of several pillars. The steles date to the Liao and Yuan dynasties, but their inscriptions were tampered with during the Ming. During the early 20th century, two stone blocks carved with crosses and other patterns were also discovered at the site, with one of them also bearing an inscription in Syriac. The blocks are presently on display at the Nanjing Museum. (Full article...) Image 4 The Founding Ceremony of the Nation (or The Founding of the Nation) is a 1953 oil painting by Chinese artist Dong Xiwen. It depicts Mao Zedong and other Chinese Communist Party (CCP) officials proclaiming the People's Republic of China at Tiananmen Square on October 1, 1949. A prominent example of socialist realism, it is one of the most celebrated works of official Chinese art. The painting was repeatedly revised, and a replica painting made to accommodate further changes, as some of the leaders it depicted fell from power and later were rehabilitated. After the Chinese Communist Revolution, the Party sought to memorialize their achievements through artworks. Dong was commissioned to create a visual representation of the October 1 ceremony, which he had attended. He viewed it as essential that the painting show both the people and their leaders. After working for three months, he completed an oil painting in a folk art style, drawing upon Chinese art history for the contemporary subject. The success of the painting was assured when Mao viewed it and liked it, and it was reproduced in large numbers for display in the home. (Full article...) Image 5 17th century portrait The Shunzhi Emperor (15 March 1638 – 5 February 1661), also known by his temple name Emperor Shizu of Qing, personal name Fulin, was the second emperor of the Qing dynasty, and the first Qing emperor to rule over China proper. Upon the death of his father Hong Taiji, a committee of Manchu princes chose the 5-year-old Fulin as successor. The princes also appointed two co-regents: Dorgon, the 14th son of Nurhaci, and Jirgalang, one of Nurhaci's nephews, both of whom were members of the Aisin-Gioro clan. In November 1644, the Shunzhi Emperor was enthroned as emperor of China in Beijing. From 1643 to 1650, political power lay mostly in the hands of the prince regent Dorgon. Under his leadership, the Qing conquered most of the territory of the fallen Ming dynasty, chased Ming loyalist regimes deep into the southwestern provinces, and established the basis of Qing rule over China proper despite highly unpopular policies such as the "hair cutting command" of 1645, which forced all Qing male subjects to shave their forehead and braid their remaining hair into a queue resembling that of the Manchus. After Dorgon's death on the last day of 1650, the young Shunzhi Emperor started to rule personally. He tried, with mixed success, to fight corruption and to reduce the political influence of the Manchu nobility. In the 1650s, he faced a resurgence of Ming loyalist resistance, but by 1661 his armies had defeated the Qing's last enemies, Koxinga and the Prince of Gui, both of whom would succumb the following year. (Full article...) Image 6 A cannon (plural either cannons or cannon) is a large-caliber gun classified as a type of artillery, which usually launches a projectile using explosive chemical propellant. Gunpowder ("black powder") was the primary propellant before the invention of smokeless powder during the late 19th century. Cannons vary in gauge, effective range, mobility, rate of fire, angle of fire and firepower; different forms of cannon combine and balance these attributes in varying degrees, depending on their intended use on the battlefield. A cannon is a type of heavy artillery weapon. The word cannon is derived from several languages, in which the original definition can usually be translated as tube, cane, or reed. The earliest known depiction of cannons may have appeared in Song dynasty China as early as the 12th century; however, solid archaeological and documentary evidence of cannons do not appear until the 13th century. In 1288, Yuan dynasty troops are recorded to have used hand cannons in combat, and the earliest extant cannon bearing a date of production comes from the same period. By the end of the 14th century, cannons were widespread throughout Eurasia. (Full article...) Image 7 The Ming dynasty, officially the Great Ming, was an imperial dynasty of China that ruled from 1368 to 1644, following the collapse of the Mongol-led Yuan dynasty. The Ming was the last imperial dynasty of China ruled by the Han people, the majority ethnic group in China. Although the primary capital of Beijing fell in 1644 to a rebellion led by Li Zicheng (who established the short-lived Shun dynasty), numerous rump regimes ruled by remnants of the Ming imperial family, collectively called the Southern Ming, survived until 1662. The Ming dynasty's founder, the Hongwu Emperor (r. 1368–1398), attempted to create a society of self-sufficient rural communities ordered in a rigid, immobile system that would guarantee and support a permanent class of soldiers for his dynasty: the empire's standing army exceeded one million troops and the navy's dockyards in Nanjing were the largest in the world. He also took great care breaking the power of the court eunuchs and unrelated magnates, enfeoffing his many sons throughout China and attempting to guide these princes through the Huang-Ming Zuxun, a set of published dynastic instructions. This failed when his teenage successor, the Jianwen Emperor, attempted to curtail his uncle's power, prompting the Jingnan campaign, an uprising that placed the Prince of Yan upon the throne as the Yongle Emperor in 1402. The Yongle Emperor established Yan as a secondary capital and renamed it Beijing, constructed the Forbidden City, and restored the Grand Canal and the primacy of the imperial examinations in official appointments. He rewarded his eunuch supporters and employed them as a counterweight against the Confucian scholar-bureaucrats. One eunuch, Zheng He, led seven enormous voyages of exploration into the Indian Ocean as far as Arabia and the eastern coasts of Africa. Hongwu and Yongle emperors had also expanded the empire's rule into Inner Asia. (Full article...) Image 8 Rob-B-Hood (traditional Chinese: 寶貝計劃; simplified Chinese: 宝贝计划, also known as Robin-B-Hood, literally: Baby Project) is a 2006 Hong Kong action comedy drama film written, produced and directed by Benny Chan, feature an ensemble cast include Jackie Chan, Louis Koo, Yuen Biao, Michael Hui, Gao Yuanyuan, Charlene Choi, Chen Baoguo and Matthew Medvedev. It tells the story of a kidnapping gone wrong in Hong Kong; a trio of burglars consisting of Thongs (Chan), Octopus (Koo) and the Landlord (Hui) kidnap a baby from a wealthy family on behalf of triads. With the Landlord arrested, Thongs and Octopus take care of the baby for a short time, developing strong bonds with him. Reluctant to hand the baby over, the two are forced to protect him from the triads who hired them in the first place. Originally announced in 2005, the film marked Benny Chan's third collaboration with Jackie Chan, following Who Am I? and New Police Story. It was produced with a budget of HK$16.8 million and filming took place in Hong Kong between December 2005 and January 2006. Rob-B-Hood is the first film in over 30 years in which Jackie Chan plays as a thief. (Full article...) Image 9 With the pale yellow rump visible. Buryatia, Russia. Pallas's leaf warbler (Phylloscopus proregulus) or Pallas's warbler, is a bird that breeds in mountain forests from southern Siberia east to northern Mongolia and northeast China. It is named after the German zoologist Peter Simon Pallas, who first formally described it. This leaf warbler is strongly migratory, wintering mainly in south China and adjacent areas of southeast Asia, although in recent decades increasing numbers have been found in Europe in autumn. Pallas's leaf warbler is one of the smallest Palearctic warblers, with a relatively large head and short tail. It has greenish upperparts and white underparts, a lemon-yellow rump, and yellow double wingbars, supercilia and central crown stripe. It is similar in appearance to several other Asian warblers, including some that were formerly considered to be subspecies of it, although its distinctive vocalisations aid identification. (Full article...) Image 10 Yao in 2014 Yao Ming (Chinese: 姚明; born September 12, 1980) is a Chinese basketball executive and former professional player. He played for the Shanghai Sharks of the Chinese Basketball Association (CBA) and the Houston Rockets of the National Basketball Association (NBA). Yao was selected to start for the Western Conference in the NBA All-Star Game eight times, and was named to the All-NBA Team five times. During his final season, he was the tallest active player in the NBA, at 7 feet 6 inches (2.29 m). Yao, who was born in Shanghai, started playing for the Sharks as a teenager, and played on their senior team for five years in the CBA, winning a championship in his final year. After negotiating with the CBA and the Sharks to secure his release, Yao was selected by the Rockets as the first overall pick in the 2002 NBA draft. He reached the NBA playoffs four times, and the Rockets won the first-round series in the 2009 postseason, their first playoff series victory since 1997. In July 2011, Yao announced his retirement from professional basketball because of a series of foot and ankle injuries which forced him to miss 250 games in his last six seasons. In eight seasons with the Rockets, Yao ranks sixth among franchise leaders in total points and total rebounds, and second in total blocks. (Full article...) Image 11 Bust of Shen at the Beijing Ancient Observatory Shen Kuo (Chinese: 沈括; 1031–1095) or Shen Gua, courtesy name Cunzhong (存中) and pseudonym Mengqi (now usually given as Mengxi) Weng (夢溪翁), was a Chinese polymath, scientist, and statesman of the Song dynasty (960–1279). Shen was a master in many fields of study including mathematics, optics, and horology. In his career as a civil servant, he became a finance minister, governmental state inspector, head official for the Bureau of Astronomy in the Song court, Assistant Minister of Imperial Hospitality, and also served as an academic chancellor. At court his political allegiance was to the Reformist faction known as the New Policies Group, headed by Chancellor Wang Anshi (1021–1085). In his Dream Pool Essays or Dream Torrent Essays (夢溪筆談; Mengxi Bitan) of 1088, Shen was the first to describe the magnetic needle compass, which would be used for navigation (first described in Europe by Alexander Neckam in 1187). Shen discovered the concept of true north in terms of magnetic declination towards the north pole, with experimentation of suspended magnetic needles and "the improved meridian determined by Shen's [astronomical] measurement of the distance between the pole star and true north". This was the decisive step in human history to make compasses more useful for navigation, and may have been a concept unknown in Europe for another four hundred years (evidence of German sundials made circa 1450 show markings similar to Chinese geomancers' compasses in regard to declination). (Full article...) Image 12 The Sakyamuni Buddha, by Song painter Zhang Shengwen, c. AD 1181–1186; although Buddhism was in decline and under attack by Neo-Confucian critics in the Song era, it nonetheless remained one of the major religious ideologies in China. Chinese society during the Song dynasty (AD 960–1279) was marked by political and legal reforms, a philosophical revival of Confucianism, and the development of cities beyond administrative purposes into centers of trade, industry, and maritime commerce. The inhabitants of rural areas were mostly farmers, although some were also hunters, fishers, or government employees working in mines or the salt marshes. Conversely, shopkeepers, artisans, city guards, entertainers, laborers, and wealthy merchants lived in the county and provincial centers along with the Chinese gentry—a small, elite community of educated scholars and scholar-officials. As landholders and drafted government officials, the gentry considered themselves the leading members of society; gaining their cooperation and employment was essential for the county or provincial bureaucrat overburdened with official duties. In many ways, scholar-officials of the Song period differed from the more aristocratic scholar-officials of the Tang dynasty (618–907). Civil service examinations became the primary means of appointment to an official post as competitors vying for official degrees dramatically increased. Frequent disagreements amongst ministers of state on ideological and policy issues led to political strife and the rise of political factions. This undermined the marriage strategies of the professional elite, which broke apart as a social group and gave way to a multitude of families that provided sons for civil service. Confucian or Legalist scholars in ancient China—perhaps as far back as the late Zhou dynasty (c. 1046–256 BC)—categorized all socioeconomic groups into four broad and hierarchical occupations (in descending order): the shi (scholars, or gentry), the nong (peasant farmers), the gong (artisans and craftsmen), and the shang (merchants). Wealthy landholders and officials possessed the resources to better prepare their sons for the civil service examinations, yet they were often rivaled in their power and wealth by merchants of the Song period. Merchants frequently colluded commercially and politically with officials, despite the fact that scholar-officials looked down on mercantile vocations as less respectable pursuits than farming or craftsmanship. The military also provided a means for advancement in Song society for those who became officers, even though soldiers were not highly respected members of society. Although certain domestic and familial duties were expected of women in Song society, they nonetheless enjoyed a wide range of social and legal rights in an otherwise patriarchal society. Women's improved rights to property came gradually with the increasing value of dowries offered by brides' families. (Full article...) Image 13 Eastern Hemisphere in AD 50, the middle of the first century Between the Roman Empire and the Han dynasty, as well as between the later Eastern Roman Empire and various successive Chinese dynasties, there were (primarily indirect) contacts and flows of trade goods, information, and occasional travelers. These empires inched progressively closer to each other in the course of the Roman expansion into ancient Western Asia and of the simultaneous Han military incursions into Central Asia. Mutual awareness remained low, and firm knowledge about each other was limited. Surviving records document only a few attempts at direct contact. Intermediate empires such as the Parthians and Kushans, seeking to maintain control over the lucrative silk trade, inhibited direct contact between the two ancient Eurasian powers. In 97 AD, the Chinese general Ban Chao tried to send his envoy Gan Ying to Rome, but Parthians dissuaded Gan from venturing beyond the Persian Gulf. Ancient Chinese historians recorded several alleged Roman emissaries to China. The first one on record, supposedly either from the Roman emperor Antoninus Pius or from his adopted son Marcus Aurelius, arrived in 166 AD. Others are recorded as arriving in 226 and 284 AD, followed by a long hiatus until the first recorded Byzantine embassy in 643 AD. The indirect exchange of goods on land along the Silk Road and sea routes involved (for example) Chinese silk, Roman glassware and high-quality cloth. Roman coins minted from the 1st century AD onwards have been found in China, as well as a coin of Maximian (Roman emperor from 286 to 305 AD) and medallions from the reigns of Antoninus Pius (r. 138–161 AD) and Marcus Aurelius (r. 161–180 AD) in Jiaozhi (in present-day Vietnam), the same region at which Chinese sources claim the Romans first landed. Roman glassware and silverware have been discovered at Chinese archaeological sites dated to the Han period (202 BC to 220 AD). Roman coins and glass beads have also been found in the Japanese archipelago. (Full article...) Image 14 Director Zhang Yimou Not One Less is a 1999 drama film by Chinese director Zhang Yimou, adapted from Shi Xiangsheng's 1997 story A Sun in the Sky (Chinese: 天上有个太阳; pinyin: tiān shàng yǒu ge tàiyáng). It was produced by Guangxi Film Studio and released by China Film Group Corporation in mainland China, and distributed by Sony Pictures Classics in North America and Columbia TriStar Film Distributors internationally. Set in the People's Republic of China during the 1990s, the film centers on a 13-year-old substitute teacher, Wei Minzhi, in the Chinese countryside. Called in to substitute for a village teacher for one month, Wei is told not to lose any students. When one of the boys takes off in search of work in the big city, she goes looking for him. The film addresses education reform in China, the economic gap between urban and rural populations, and the prevalence of bureaucracy and authority figures in everyday life. It is filmed in a neorealist/documentary style with a troupe of non-professional actors who play characters with the same names and occupations as the actors have in real life, blurring the boundaries between drama and reality. (Full article...) Image 15 Dragon: The Bruce Lee Story is a 1993 American biographical drama film directed by Rob Cohen. The film stars Jason Scott Lee, with a supporting cast including Lauren Holly, Nancy Kwan, and Robert Wagner. The film follows the life of actor and martial artist Bruce Lee (Jason) from his relocation to the United States from Hong Kong to his career as a martial arts teacher, and then as a television and film actor. It also focuses on the relationship between Bruce and his wife Linda, and the racism to which Bruce was subjected. The primary source of the screenplay is Cadwell's 1975 biography Bruce Lee: The Man Only I Knew. Other sources include Robert Clouse's book Bruce Lee: The Biography and research by Cohen, including interviews with Cadwell and Bruce's son, Brandon Lee. Rather than a traditional biographical film, Cohen decided to include elements of mysticism and to dramatise fight scenes to give it the same tone as the films in which Bruce starred. Dragon was filmed primarily in Hong Kong, Los Angeles and San Francisco. (Full article...) More featured articles Did you know (auto generated) ... that one assessment concluded the Bohu laser facility is the primary site for China's directed-energy weapon research and development? ... that after her 2019 death in rural China, Huang Wenxiu was elevated into a national model by the Chinese Communist Party? ... that Li Gang, a top member of China's anti-corruption agency, was arrested on suspicion of bribery? ... that the Cross Temple in Fangshan, Beijing, is the only surviving Nestorian Christian site in China? ... that "runology" is the study of how to run away from China? ... that the United States Department of Defense ran a propaganda campaign against Chinese vaccines during the COVID-19 pandemic? edit  More did you know ...that the Tai chi classics are manuscripts and commentaries that are used as standards for the correct study and practice of the art of tai chi chuan? ...that after endangering himself to control the imperial horse, Qi Ying was made an imperial attendant by Emperor Dezong of Tang? ...that the Beiyue Temple (pictured) has China's largest surviving wooden building from the Yuan Dynasty? More Did you know facts Selected cuisine or food - show another Buddha Jumps Over the Wall, also known as Buddha's Temptation or Fotiaoqiang (Chinese: 佛跳牆; pinyin: fótiàoqiáng; Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hu̍t-thiàu-chhiûⁿ), is a variety of shark fin soup in Fujian cuisine. This dish has been regarded as a Chinese delicacy known for its rich taste, and special manner of cooking. The dish's name is an allusion to the dish's ability to entice the vegetarian Buddhist monks from their temples to partake in the meat-based dish, and implies that even the strictly vegetarian Gautama Buddha would try to jump over a wall to sample it. It is high in protein and calcium. It is one of China's state banquet dishes. Concerns over the sustainability and welfare of sharks limited its consumption and led to various modified versions without the usage of shark fin as ingredient. (Full article...) List of selected cuisines/foods Chinese cuisine Shandong cuisine Cantonese cuisine Jiangsu cuisine Anhui cuisine Fujian cuisine Hunan cuisine Zhejiang cuisine Beijing cuisine Shanghai cuisine Henan cuisine Shaanxi cuisine Dragon's beard candy Chinese aristocrat cuisine Chinese fried rice Sichuan cuisine Edible bird's nest Peking duck Chinese noodles White Rabbit (candy) edit  Related portals East Asia Other Countries   Good article - load new batch This is a good article, an article that meets a core set of high editorial standards. Image 1 Caleb Vance Haynes (March 15, 1895 – April 5, 1966) was a United States Air Force (USAF) major general. The grandson of Chang Bunker, a famous Siamese Twin, he served in the Air Force as an organizer, able to create air units from scratch. He commanded a large number of groups, squadrons and task forces before, during and after World War II. In the 1930s, Haynes, a rated command pilot, led experimental long-range over-water interception flights that were key to the development of U.S. air defense doctrine. Haynes demonstrated by piloting one of the bombers that intercepted the Italian liner SS Rex that enemy ships could be located and sunk by American aircraft. As well, Haynes helped promote air power by flying long range missions to various countries in South America. (Full article...) Image 2 Chen participated in a boxing match in 2022 Chen Qiushi (born 19 September 1985), also known as Steven Chen, is a Chinese lawyer, activist, and citizen journalist who covered the 2019–20 Hong Kong protests and the COVID-19 pandemic which included criticism of the government response. He went missing on 6 February 2020 after reporting on the COVID-19 outbreak in Wuhan. The Chinese government reportedly informed Chen's family and friends that he had been detained for the purpose of COVID-19 quarantine. Critics, including media freedom groups, have expressed skepticism about government motives, and have unsuccessfully called on the government to allow outside contact with Chen. Chen re-emerged in September 2021, but provided no explanation of the circumstances of his disappearance. (Full article...) Image 3 Xu Shunshou at graduation from Tsinghua University (1937) Xu Shunshou (Chinese: 徐舜寿; pinyin: Xú Shùnshòu; Wade–Giles: Hsü Shun-shou; 21 August 1917 – 6 January 1968) was a Chinese aircraft designer and a founder of the aircraft manufacturing industry in the People's Republic of China. He was the founding director of the PRC's first aircraft design organization (later the Shenyang Aircraft Design Institute), where he oversaw the development of the Shenyang JJ-1, the first jet aircraft designed in China. He trained many of the country's top aircraft designers and also participated in the design of the Nanchang CJ-6 trainer, the Nanchang Q-5 jet attack aircraft, and the Xian H-6 bomber. He was severely persecuted during the Cultural Revolution and died at the age of 50. (Full article...) Image 4 Su Song (Chinese: 蘇頌; Pe̍h-ōe-jī: So͘ Siōng, 1020–1101), courtesy name Zirong (Chinese: 子容; Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Chú-iông), was a Chinese polymathic scientist and statesman who lived during the Song dynasty (960–1279). He excelled in numerous fields including but not limited to mathematics, astronomy, cartography, geography, metallurgy, mechanical engineering, hydraulic engineering, poetry, and statesmanship. Su Song was the engineer for a hydro-mechanical astronomical clock tower located in Kaifeng. It employed an early escapement mechanism. The escapement mechanism of Su's clock tower was invented by the Tang dynasty Buddhist monk Yi Xing and government official Liang Lingzan in 725 AD to operate a water-powered armillary sphere, however Su's armillary sphere was the first to utilize a mechanical clock drive. Su's clock tower also featured the oldest known endless power-transmitting chain drive, called the tian ti (天梯), or "celestial ladder", as depicted in his horological treatise. The clock tower had 133 different clock jacks to indicate and sound the hours. The clock was dismantled by the invading Jurchen army in 1127 AD, and although attempts were made to reassemble it, the tower was never successfully reinstated. (Full article...) Image 5 A young fruit body on fallen wood in England Auricularia auricula-judae, commonly known as wood ear, jelly ear or historically as Jew's ear, is a species of fungus in the order Auriculariales. Basidiocarps (fruit bodies) are brown, gelatinous, and have a noticeably ear-like shape. They grow on wood, especially elder. The specific epithet is derived from the belief that Judas Iscariot hanged himself from an elder tree. The fungus can be found throughout the year in Europe, where it normally grows on wood of broadleaf trees and shrubs. Auricularia auricula-judae was used in folk medicine as recently as the 19th century for complaints including sore throats, sore eyes and jaundice, and as an astringent. It is edible but not widely consumed. (Full article...) Image 6 Ye Jizhuang (Chinese: 叶季壮; Wade–Giles: Yeh Chi-chuang; 1893–1967) was a Chinese Communist revolutionary and politician nicknamed the "Red Manager". He served as the logistics head of the Red Army during the Long March and of the Yan'an Communist headquarters during the Second Sino-Japanese War. In 1945, he was among the first three officers awarded the rank of lieutenant general by the Chinese Communist Party, together with Peng Zhen and Chen Yun. After the founding of the People's Republic of China in 1949, he served as the country's first Minister of Trade and then Minister of Foreign Trade until his death in 1967. (Full article...) Image 7 Liu Mengying, 1930 In Hangzhou, China, on February 11, 1932, the 21-year-old art student Tao Sijin killed her romantic partner and fellow student, the 20-year-old Liu Mengying, stabbing her over ten times with a kitchen knife. The two women met in 1928 and became roommates at the Hangzhou National College of Art the following year, soon entering into a romantic and sexual partnership. According to Tao's diaries, the relationship was frequently marked by jealousy by Liu towards other girls, which intensified after Tao became close to a female instructor at the college. While alone at the home of their male mentor Xu Qinwen, the two entered into a confrontation over suspected infidelity, which escalated to the murder. Tao maintained that she had acted in self-defense after Liu had threatened her with the knife. Tao was brought to trial on both state charges and a private suit filed by Liu's older sister. Press coverage and the Hangzhou court initially viewed the situation as a love triangle dispute over Xu, who had previously proposed marriage to both women. Tao's defense team used her diary as its main evidence, arguing that she could not be found liable due to alleged mental health issues. The abundant media coverage of the trial was sympathetic towards her and generally portrayed Liu in a negative light. Xu was sentenced to a year in prison, while Tao was initially given a life sentence. After a failed appeal by her defense, this was increased to the death penalty, but the life sentence was restored after further appeal to the Supreme Court in Nanjing. Tao remained in prison until 1937, when she was released under amnesty during the Japanese occupation. She allegedly married a male official and lived the rest of her life in obscurity. (Full article...) Image 8 The title page of a 16th century Ming print of the Zuo Zhuan The Zuo Zhuan (Chinese: 左傳; Wade–Giles: Tso Chuan; [tswò ʈʂwân]), often translated as The Zuo Tradition or as The Commentary of Zuo, is an ancient Chinese narrative history traditionally regarded as a commentary on the ancient Chinese chronicle Spring and Autumn Annals. It comprises 30 chapters that cover the period from 722 to 468 BC, and it focuses mainly on the Chinese political, diplomatic, and military affairs from that era. For many centuries, the Zuo Zhuan was the primary text through which educated Chinese learned their ancient history. The Zuo Zhuan does not simply explain the wording of the Spring and Autumn Annals, but rather expounds upon its historical background with rich and lively accounts of the history and culture of the Spring and Autumn period (771–476 BC). The Zuo Zhuan is the source of more Chinese sayings and idioms than any other classical work, and its concise, flowing style served as a paragon of elegant Classical Chinese. Its tendency toward third-person narration and portraying characters through direct speech and action became hallmarks of Chinese narrative in general, and its style was imitated by historians, storytellers, and ancient-style prose masters for over 2000 years of subsequent Chinese history. (Full article...) Image 9 Bolaven near peak intensity on August 25 Typhoon Bolaven, known in the Philippines as Typhoon Julian, was regarded as the most powerful storm to strike the Korean Peninsula in nearly a decade, with wind gusts measured up to 186 km/h (116 mph). Forming as a tropical depression on August 19, 2012, to the southwest of the Mariana Islands, Bolaven steadily intensified as it slowly moved west-northwestward in a region favoring tropical development. The system was soon upgraded to a tropical storm less than a day after formation and further to a typhoon by August 21. Strengthening became more gradual thereafter as Bolaven grew in size. On August 24, the system attained its peak intensity, with winds of 185 km/h (115 mph) and a barometric pressure of 910 mbar (hPa; 26.87 inHg). Weakening only slightly, the storm passed directly over Okinawa on August 26 as it began accelerating toward the north. Steady weakening continued as Bolaven approached the Korean Peninsula and it eventually made landfall in North Korea late on August 28 before transitioning into an extratropical cyclone. The remnants rapidly tracked northeastward over the Russian Far East before turning eastward and were last noted on September 1 crossing the International Dateline. Although Bolaven struck the Ryukyu Islands as a powerful typhoon, damage was less than expected. Relatively few buildings were damaged or destroyed across the region. The most significant effects stemmed from heavy rains, amounting to 551.5 mm (21.71 in), that caused flash flooding and landslides. One person drowned on Amami Ōshima after being swept away by a swollen river. In mainland Japan, two people drowned after being swept away by rough seas. In South Korea, 19 people were killed by the storm. Many buildings were damaged and approximately 1.9 million homes were left without power. Losses in the country reached ₩420 billion (US$374.3 million), the majority of which was due to destroyed apple orchards. Significant damage also took place in North Korea, where at least 59 people were killed and 50 others were reported missing. Additionally, 6,700 homes were destroyed. Offshore, nine people drowned after two Chinese vessels sank. (Full article...) Image 10 Qing-era representation of Sun Tzu Sun Tzu (/suːn ˈdzuː, suːn ˈsuː/;traditional Chinese: 孫子; simplified Chinese: 孙子; pinyin: Sūnzǐ) was a Chinese military general, strategist, philosopher, and writer who lived during the Eastern Zhou period (771–256 BC). Sun Tzu is traditionally credited as the author of The Art of War, a Classical Chinese text on military strategy from the Warring States period, though the earliest parts of the work probably date to at least a century after him. Sun Tzu is revered in Chinese and East Asian culture as a legendary historical and military figure; however, his historical existence is uncertain. The Han dynasty historian Sima Qian and other traditional Chinese historians placed him as a minister to King Helü of Wu and dated his lifetime to 544–496 BC. The name Sun Tzu—by which he is more popularly known—is an honorific which means "Master Sun". His birth name was said to be Sun Wu (traditional Chinese: 孫武; simplified Chinese: 孙武) and he is posthumously known by his courtesy name Changqing (Chinese: 長卿). Traditional accounts state that the general's descendant Sun Bin wrote a treatise on military tactics, also titled The Art of War. Since both Sun Wu and Sun Bin were referred to as "Sun Tzu" in classical Chinese texts, some historians thought them identical, prior to the rediscovery of Sun Bin's treatise in 1972. (Full article...) Image 11 Song Dynasty officials listening to guqin. The Song dynasty (960–1279 AD) was a culturally rich and sophisticated age for China. It saw great advancements in the visual arts, music, literature, and philosophy. Officials of the ruling bureaucracy, who underwent a strict and extensive examination process, reached new heights of education in Chinese society, while general Chinese culture was enhanced by widespread printing, growing literacy, and various arts. Appreciation of art among the gentry class flourished during the Song dynasty, especially in regard to paintings, which is an art practiced by many. Trends in painting styles amongst the gentry notably shifted from the Northern (960–1127) to Southern Song (1127–1279) periods, influenced in part by the gradual embrace of the Neo-Confucian political ideology at court. (Full article...) Image 12 Yangwu (pictured left) with the Chinese gunboat Fuxing at anchor, the night before the Battle of Fuzhou. Yangwu (Chinese: 揚武; pinyin: Yangwu; Wade–Giles: Yang-wu or Yang Woo) was a wooden corvette built for the Imperial Chinese Navy. She was built in 1872 at the Foochow Arsenal, and was the largest ship built there from the shipbuilding programme of 1868–75. During her early career, she was used as a training ship and under the command of English captains. She later saw action in the Battle of Fuzhou in 1884, the opening action of the Sino-French War, where she acted as the flagship of the Fujian Fleet. Shortly after the start of the battle, she was damaged by a spar torpedo, causing a large explosion and the loss of the majority of her crew; she was sunk shortly afterwards by enemy fire. (Full article...) Image 13 Li He, as depicted in the 1743 book Wanxiaotang Zhuzhuang Huazhuan (晩笑堂竹荘畫傳). Li He (c. 790–791 – c. 816–817) was a Chinese poet of the mid-Tang dynasty. His courtesy name was Changji, and he is also known as Guicai and Shigui. He was prevented from taking the imperial examination due to a naming taboo. He died very young, and was noted for his sickly appearance. (Full article...) Image 14 The Qinghe Special Steel Corporation disaster was an industrial disaster that occurred on April 18, 2007, in Qinghe District, Tieling, Liaoning, China. Thirty-two people were killed and six were injured when a ladle used to transport molten steel separated from an overhead rail in the Qinghe Special Steel Corporation factory. An investigation by Chinese authorities found that the plant lacked many major safety features and was severely below regulation benchmarks, with the direct cause of the accident being attributed to inappropriate use of substandard equipment. The investigation also concluded that the various other safety failings at the facility were contributing factors. The report criticised safety standards throughout the Chinese steel industry. (Full article...) Image 15 Bonneau with Njarðvík in Iceland Stefan Bonneau (born March 13, 1987) is an American former professional basketball player. Born in Middletown, Orange County, New York, Bonneau played high school basketball for Middletown. He then played for the SUNY Orange Colts of the NJCAA. After graduating, he enrolled in LIU Post to play for the Pioneers in NCAA Division II. In both his seasons with the Pioneers, Bonneau won the East Coast Conference (ECC) championships and was named All-ECC Player of the Year. In 2012, he signed for the Windsor Express of the NBL Canada, with whom he won the 2014 NBL Canada Championship and was named NBL Canada Finals MVP. He later played in China, Denmark, Cyprus and Iceland where he led the Úrvalsdeild karla in scoring in 2015. (Full article...) More good articles edit  Selected picture Xinhua Gate Credit: Neo-Jay Xinhuamen, the "Gate of New China" built by Yuan Shikai, today the formal entrance to the Zhongnanhai compound. More selected pictures Read more edit  Anniversaries for September 30 Portal:China/Anniversaries/September/September 30 More September anniversaries / All anniversaries General images - load new batch The following are images from various China-related articles on Wikipedia. Image 1Spring rolls are a large variety of filled, rolled appetizers or dim sum found in Chinese cuisine. Spring rolls are the main dishes in Chinese Spring Festival (Chinese New Year). (from Chinese culture) Image 2Zhu-Ye-Qing-Tea (from Chinese culture) Image 3A commercially produced scented wood folding fan, featuring a drawing of the Great Wall of China. (from Chinese culture) Image 4Chinese folding screen used at the Austrian imperial court, 18th century, the Imperial Furniture Collection (from Chinese culture) Image 5Relief of a dragon in Fuxi Temple (Tianshui). (from Chinese culture) Image 6Bian Lian("Face-Changing") Performer (from Chinese culture) Image 7A Tang dynasty era copy of the preface to the Lantingji Xu poems composed at the Orchid Pavilion Gathering, originally attributed to Wang Xizhi (303–361 AD) of the Jin dynasty (from Chinese culture) Image 8The flag of the People's Republic of China since 1949. (from History of China) Image 9Decorative plaque from the Erlitou culture (from History of China) Image 10Wooden sculpture of Guanyin (from Chinese culture) Image 11Chinese Export—European Market, 18th century - Tea Caddy (lid) (from Chinese culture) Image 12Ancient China's Tea Pots (from Chinese culture) Image 13A traditional Chinese tea culture (茶艺，茶藝) set and three gaiwan. (from Chinese culture) Image 14Official map of the Qing Empire published in 1905 (from History of China) Image 15A Chinese jade named Bi(璧) with a dual dragon motif, Warring States period (from Chinese culture) Image 16Flag of the Republic of China from 1928 to now (from History of China) Image 17Jichang Garden in Wuxi (1506–1521), built during the Ming dynasty, is an exemplary work of South Chinese style garden. (from Chinese culture) Image 18Chinese polities in the late 5th century BC, before the breakup of Jin and the Qin move into Sichuan. (from History of China) Image 19The Warring States, c. 260 BC (from History of China) Image 20Taoist architecture in China (from Chinese culture) Image 21People's Republic of China 10th Anniversary Parade in Beijing (from History of China) Image 22Main hall and tea house in Dunedin Chinese Garden (from Chinese culture) Image 23Birthplaces of notable Chinese philosophers of the Hundred Schools of Thoughts in the Zhou dynasty. (from Chinese culture) Image 24A map of the Qing dynasty, c. 1820 (from History of China) Image 25Map of tribes and tribal unions in Ancient China, including the tribes led by the Yellow Emperor, Emperor Yan and Chiyou. (from History of China) Image 26Map showing the expansion of Han dynasty in the 2nd century BC (from History of China) Image 27The massive Terracotta Army of Qin Shi Huang, a UNESCO World Heritage Site (from History of China) Image 28Ming dynasty wood carving books in the Tian Yi Chamber collection (from Chinese culture) Image 29Tea Pots, Republic of China (from Chinese culture) Image 30Lion dance (舞狮) (from Chinese culture) Image 31Photo showing serving chopsticks (gongkuai) on the far right, personal chopsticks (putongkuai) in the middle, and a spoon. Serving chopsticks are usually more ornate than the personal ones. (from Chinese culture) Image 32A traditional red Chinese door with Imperial guardian lion knocker (from Chinese culture) Image 33Box with the character for "Spring" (春), Qianlong period, Qing dynasty. Nanjing Museum (from Chinese culture) Image 34Range of Chinese dialect groups according to the Language Atlas of China. (from Chinese culture) Image 35Que pillar gates of Chongqing that once belonged to a temple dedicated to the Warring States period general Ba Manzi (from Chinese culture) Image 36The People's Liberation Army enters Beijing in the Pingjin Campaign (from History of China) Image 37Nanjing Road during Xinhai Revolution, 1911 (from History of China) Image 38Gilin with the head and scaly body of a dragon, tail of a lion and cloven hoofs like a deer. Its body enveloped in sacred flames. Detail from Entrance of General Zu Dashou Tomb (Ming Tomb). (from Chinese culture) Image 39Beijing college students rallied during the May Fourth Movement, dissatisfied with Article 156 of the Treaty of Versailles for China (Shandong Problem). (from History of China) Image 40Hanging Monastery, a temple with the combination of Taoism, Buddhism, and Confucianism. (from Chinese culture) Image 41The Four Treasures of the Study – brush, ink, paper and ink stone in Chinese calligraphy traditions. (from Chinese culture) Image 42Laoshan green tea (from Chinese culture) Image 43A scene of the Taiping Rebellion (from History of China) Image 44Ming table in the Victoria and Albert Museum, 1425–1436 (from Chinese culture) Image 45Guzheng, a type of Chinese instrument. (from Chinese culture) Image 46Koi Pond is a signature scenery depicted in Chinese gardens (from Chinese culture) Image 47A Moon gate in a Chinese garden (from Chinese culture) Image 48Oolong tea leaves steeping in a gaiwan (from Chinese culture) Image 49Journey to the West (西遊記/西游记) (from Chinese culture) Image 50Mongol successor khanates (from History of China) Image 51Flag of the Republic of China from 1912 to 1928 (from History of China) Image 52"Nine Dragons" handscroll section, by Chen Rong(1244 CE), Song dynasty. Museum of Fine Arts, Boston (from Chinese culture) Image 53Xiqu performance (from Chinese culture) Image 54Hair Ornament, China, c. 19th century (from Chinese culture) Image 55The 12th-century BC Houmuwu ding, the largest Bronze Age bronzeware found anywhere in the world (from History of China) Image 56Map of the Chinese Civil War (from History of China) Image 57Dragon Tea Pot, Republic of China (from Chinese culture) Image 58Dragon dance (舞龙) (from Chinese culture) Image 59Chinese calligraphy written by the poet Wang Xizhi (王羲之) of the Jin dynasty (from Chinese culture) Image 60Relief of a fenghuang in Fuxi Temple (Tianshui). They are mythological birds of East Asia that reign over all other birds. (from Chinese culture) Image 61Tea caddy, Chinese - Indianapolis Museum of Art (from Chinese culture) Image 62Tang dynasty mural from Li Xian's tomb in Qianling showing Han nobility clothing of the era. (from Chinese culture) Image 63Flag of the First Guangzhou uprising (from History of China) Image 64Red lanterns are hung from the trees during the Chinese New Year celebrations in Ditan Park (Temple of Earth) in Beijing. (from Chinese culture) Image 65 Rulers of the world at the beginning of the 20th century (from History of China) Image 66Chinese tea (from Chinese culture) edit  Topics edit  Categories Category puzzle Select [►] to view subcategories China People's Republic of China Republic of China China-related lists Buildings and structures in China Chinese culture Economy of China Education in China Environment of China Geography of China Government of China Health in China History of China Organizations based in China Politics of China Society of China Images of China China stubs edit  In the news 29 September 2025 – China–South Korea relations South Korea begins a pilot program allowing visa-free entry for Chinese tourist groups of three or more for stays of up to 15 days. (Reuters) 29 September 2025 – Capital punishment in China, China–Myanmar relations The intermediate people's court in Wenzhou, Zhejiang province, China, sentences 11 people, including three from a powerful family in Kokang, Myanmar, to death for running an illegal gambling and scamming crime syndicate. The court also sentences 12 other people to prison sentences between five and 24 years. (AP) 28 September 2025 – Anti-corruption campaign under Xi Jinping Former Chinese agriculture minister Tang Renjian is sentenced to death with a two-year reprieve for accepting bribes worth more than ¥268 million (US$37.6 million) between 2007 and 2024. (Reuters) 28 September 2025 – The 625-meter-high Huajiang Canyon Bridge, the world's highest bridge, is opened to the public in Guizhou, China. (South China Morning Post) (The Star) 25 September 2025 – China–United States relations, China–United States trade war China lists six American companies on its Unreliable Entities List, including several in the underwater drone and satellite sectors. (AP) 23 September 2025 – 2025 Aquidauana Cessna 175 crash Four people, including Chinese architect Kongjian Yu, are killed when a Cessna 175 Skylark aircraft crashes in Aquidauana, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil. (Campo Grande News) (G1) (Reuters) edit  Recognized content Extended content This is a list of recognized content, updated weekly by JL-Bot (talk · contribs) (typically on Saturdays). There is no need to edit the list yourself. If an article is missing from the list, make sure it is tagged (e.g. {{WikiProject China}}) or categorized correctly and wait for the next update. See WP:RECOG for configuration options. Featured articles 2001 Tiananmen Square self-immolation incident July 2009 Ürümqi riots 1740 Batavia massacre Felice Beato Black Slave's Cry to Heaven Black stork Caroline Brady (philologist) Cai Lun Battle of Caishi Cannon Chinese classifier Chinese characters Choe Bu Cross Temple, Fangshan Cycling at the 2008 Summer Olympics – Men's individual road race Cycling at the 2008 Summer Olympics – Women's individual road race Dragon: The Bruce Lee Story Du Fu Economy of the Han dynasty The Founding Ceremony of the Nation Gao Qifeng Genghis Khan Government of the Han dynasty Guandimiao Gwoyeu Romatzyh Han dynasty Flag of Hong Kong Hu Zhengyan Jin–Song wars Lactarius indigo Li Rui Luo Yixiu Ming dynasty Not One Less Nothing to My Name Pallas's leaf warbler Peking opera Phallus indusiatus Pulgasari Battle of Red Cliffs Red panda St. Michael's Cathedral, Qingdao Shen Kuo Shigi Qutuqu Shunzhi Emperor Sino-Roman relations Addie Viola Smith Society of the Song dynasty Song dynasty Tang dynasty Science and technology of the Song dynasty Ming–Tibet relations Tiger Tintin in Tibet Tolui The True Record United States v. Wong Kim Ark Water pipit White-bellied sea eagle Xixiasaurus Yan Ruisheng Yao Ming Zeng Laishun Zhang Heng Zhao Chongguo Zhou Tong (archer) Featured lists 19th Golden Melody Awards 2008 Summer Olympics medal table 2008 Summer Paralympics medal table 2025 Asian Winter Games medal table Army groups of the National Revolutionary Army List of Mingxing films List of Nanjing Metro stations List of World Heritage Sites in China List of awards and nominations received by S.H.E List of emperors of the Han dynasty List of emperors of the Ming dynasty List of emperors of the Song dynasty List of tallest buildings in Shanghai List of tallest dams in China List of National Treasures of Japan (writings: Classical Chinese books) Timeline of the Jin–Song wars Venues of the 2008 Summer Olympics List of emperors of the Yuan dynasty Good articles 610 Office 1909 Chinese provincial elections 1970 Tonghai earthquake 2008 Chinese Grand Prix 2008 Summer Olympics 2010 Chinese Grand Prix 2010 Nobel Peace Prize 2015 Chinese Grand Prix 2019 China Championship 2019 World Open (snooker) 2020 Macau Grand Prix Jean Joseph Marie Amiot Tropical Storm Ampil Fernão Pires de Andrade Annunciation Seminary, Bailu Archaeamphora Architecture of the Song dynasty 2010 Asian Games Assassin's mace Auricularia auricula-judae Auto Dollar Bahamas at the 2008 Summer Olympics Baizuo Battle of Hulao Battle of Huoyi Battle of Kowloon Battle of Yanshi Beiyue Temple Belitung shipwreck Bengal slow loris Blockchain Chicken Farm The Blue Lotus Blyth's kingfisher Bo Xilai Typhoon Bolaven (2012) Stefan Bonneau Borneo shark Mikhail Borodin Bust of a Chinese Gentleman COVID-19 pandemic Rebellion of Cao Qin Castorocauda Catholic Church in Sichuan Causeway Bay Books disappearances Central Commission for Discipline Inspection Battle of the Ch'ongch'on River Typhoon Chan-hom (2015) Typhoon Chanchu Changsha Kingdom Chinese cruiser Chaoyong Chen Guangcheng Chen Liting Chen Qiushi Chen Xiaocui Chenghua Emperor Chenqiao mutiny Cheok Hong Cheong Chinese Indonesians Chinese Rites controversy Chinese alligator Chinese nationality law Chinese nuthatch Chongqing model Battle of Chosin Reservoir The Christian Manifesto Chun Afong Clouded leopard Lucinda L. Combs Common prosperity Conquest of the Western Turks Crazy Rich Asians Crested shelduck Cultural Revolution Group Culture of the Song dynasty Cycling in China Daxinzhuang Death toll of the Nanjing Massacre Deliberative Council of Princes and Ministers Ding Junhui Chinese ironclad Dingyuan Dingyuan-class ironclad Frederick Seguier Drake Durrani–Qing relations Early life of Mao Zedong East Huaxia Road station Economy of the Song dynasty The Embroidered Couch Erlitou Esing Bakery incident Eurasian Land Bridge Europeans in Medieval China Euryale ferox Faith in Buddhism Feng Tianwei Filial piety in Buddhism Foguang Temple Forrest's pika Chinese transport Fu Po Fu (poetry) Giant nuthatch Giant panda Glover's pika Great Britain at the 2008 Summer Olympics Grey heron Gu Jiegang Guanglan Road station Gui Minhai Chinese frigate Hai'an Han Lin'er Han campaigns against Minyue Handan Chun Hanpu Harbin cranium Harvard Girl Caleb V. Haynes He Siyuan Heilongjiang hand cannon Helan Shan pika Nora Helmer Historical comet observations in China History of the Song dynasty History of supernova observation History of the Great Wall of China History of the Han dynasty Hong Kong Hongwu Emperor Hongxi Emperor Hongzhi Emperor How the Red Sun Rose Hu Die Hu Lanqi Murder of Huang Na Huang Shaoqiang Huang Zongying Jon Huntsman Jr. Huolongjing I Ching I Not Stupid I Not Stupid Too Globalization and women in China Ink wash painting 2019 International Championship January Storm Jiajing Emperor Jianwen Emperor Jinan incident Jingnan campaign Jingtai Emperor Chinese cruiser Jingyuan (1886) Chinese cruiser Jiyuan Jokhang Siege of Kaifeng (1232) Kangchu system Battle of Kapyong Kowloon Walled City Yu-chien Kuan Lantian Man Late Shang The Leader (web series) Lhasa (prefecture-level city) Li He Li Qiang (revolutionary) Liang Wenbo Liao dynasty Jeremy Lin Lingbao School Lingnan School Little egret Liu Geping Liu Jin Longqing Emperor Luan Da Luo Wenzao Luochahai City Ma Chengyuan John Van Antwerp MacMurray Mae Salong Manchurian hare Mandarin orange Typhoon Maria (2018) Maritime fur trade First Battle of Maryang-san Maudgalyayana Memento dollar Ming treasure voyages Mingxing Typhoon Mujigae Mulan (1998 film) Murder of Liu Mengying Chinese cruiser Nan Chen Battle of Nanking National Christian Council of China National Pacification Army Ni Yulan Northern Celestial Masters Northern Expedition Sanzō Nosaka Oei Hui-lan Battle of Onjong Operation Matterhorn Typhoon The Painted Skin Battle of Pakchon Pan Fusheng Pan Shu (psychologist) Pe̍h-ōe-jī Peking Man Peng Dehuai Marco Polo Portia labiata Tropical Storm Prapiroon (2024) Prince of Anhua rebellion Prince of Ning rebellion Pug Tropical Storm Pulasan Purple heron Qianling Mausoleum Qinghe Special Steel Corporation disaster The Raksha Country and the Sea Market The Rape of Nanking (book) Re-education through labor Red yeast rice Religion of the Shang dynasty Ruyijun zhuan Battle of the Samichon River Typhoon Sarika Sarus crane Scaly-breasted munia Science and technology of the Han dynasty Third Battle of Seoul Sera Monastery Akmal Shaikh Shamanism during the Qing dynasty Shang dynasty religious practitioners Shangguan Yunzhu 2019 Shanghai Masters Shanghai Shanhua Temple Shaoguan incident Devello Z. Sheffield Sheng nü Shi Jianqiao Shifang protest Shu Xiuwen Si Jiahui Sky Scrapper Snow leopard Snuff bottle Society and culture of the Han dynasty Song Jian Southward expansion of the Han dynasty St. Francis Cathedral, Xi'an Su Song Sun Jianai Sun Yang Sun bear Suoyang City Swimming at the 2008 Summer Olympics – Men's 100 metre butterfly Taichang Emperor Tea processing The Ladies' Journal Three Gorges Dam Tian Feng (magazine) Tian Qilang Toluid Civil War Torreón massacre Battle of Triangle Hill Chen-Lu Tsou Tumu Crisis 1902 Turkestan earthquake Turks in the Tang military Two Stars in the Milky Way Typhoon June (1984) Battle of Unsan Vietnamese migrant brides in China Wang Bingzhang (general) Wang Huning Murder of Wang Lianying Wang Yinglai Dhondup Wangchen Wanli Emperor Way of the Five Pecks of Rice Weiquan movement West Triangle Economic Zone Han Wo Wong Kar-wai Wong Sau Ying First and second battles of Wonju World War II Written Chinese Chien-Shiung Wu Daisy Yen Wu Wu Zhonghua Wu Zuguang Wujing Zongyao Xi'an Incident XiamenAir Flight 8667 Fortifications of Xi'an Xifeng concentration camp Xin Fengxia Xinxiu bencao Xu Jie Xu Lai (actress) Xu Shunshou Xuande Emperor Xue Susu Yahballaha III Yan Song Xia Yan (Ming dynasty) Yang Shoujing Chinese cruiser Yangwei Chinese corvette Yangwu Yarkand hare Ye Jizhuang Ye Qianyu Yeren Yeshe-Ö Yi Jianlian Emperor Yingzong of Ming Yongle Emperor Lum You Yu Wuling Yuan Shikai coinage Yuanmou Man Yunnan hare Yunnan nuthatch Chinese frigate Yuyuen Zhang Cong Zhang Hu (poet) Zhang Jingsheng Zhang Juzheng Louis Zhang Jiashu Zhang Zhenglang Zhao Xintong Zhemao hoaxes Zheng Manuo Zheng Zhegu Zhengde Emperor Zhenguo Temple Chinese ironclad Zhenyuan Chinese cruiser Zhiyuan Zhong Jingwen Zhou Bangyan Zhou Houkun Zhu Chenhao Zhu De Zhu Youdun Hongguang Emperor Zhuangzi (book) Zou Heng Zuo Zhuan Pallas's cat Featured pictures File:1 zhangjiajie huangshizhai wulingyuan panorama 2012.jpg File:Alluvial fan, Taklimakan Desert, XinJiang Province, China, NASA, ASTER.jpg File:Along the River During the Qingming Festival (Qing Court Version).jpg File:Alongtheriver QingMing.jpg File:Barracudasauroides panxianensis MHNT Chine.jpg File:Bloody Saturday, Shanghai.jpg File:Bos grunniens at Yundrok Yumtso Lake.jpg File:Bultfonteinite - Linxi, Chifeng City, Inner Mongolia, China.jpg File:Chien-Shiung Wu (1912-1997) in 1963 - Restoration.jpg File:Cymbiola nobilis 01.jpg File:Darcha Padum Road Below Shinku La Lahaul Oct22 A7C 03533.jpg File:Doorgang in muur. Locatie, Chinese tuin Het Verborgen Rijk van Ming. Locatie. Hortus Haren 01.jpg File:Everest-3D-Map-Type-EN.jpg File:Everest North Face toward Base Camp Tibet Luca Galuzzi 2006 edit 1.jpg File:Golden orb-weavers (Nephila pilipes) female and male Double Haven.jpg File:Greatwall large.jpg File:Himalayas.jpg File:Hong Kong Night Skyline.jpg File:Hong Kong Skyline Restitch - Dec 2007.jpg File:Hou Yifan (29762728494) (cropped).jpg File:JAPAN-M7-Tsingtao-10 Sen (1914).jpg File:Jinwan Arts Center dllu 01.jpg File:Khalili Collection Hajj and Arts of Pilgrimage MSS 1288.jpg File:Kowloon Walled City - 1989 Aerial.jpg File:Li Fu Lee at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology's radio experiment station, 1925 (MIT Museum) - Restoration.jpg File:Liangyou 001 cover - Hu Die.jpg File:Long Tack Sam poster by Adolph Friedlander.jpg File:Mount Everest as seen from Drukair2 PLW edit.jpg File:Nanpu Bridge 2.jpg File:ParmaMelor AMO TMO 2009279 lrg.jpg File:Pipa MET DP216710.jpg File:Pudong Shanghai November 2017 panorama.jpg File:Seahorse Skeleton Macro 8 - edit.jpg File:Sinopterus dongi NMNS.jpg File:Suikoden.jpg File:The Dalai Lama in 2012.jpg File:Thure de Thulstrup - The Massacre of the Chinese at Rock Springs.jpg File:Tsuzoku Suikoden Goketsu Hyakuhachi-nin no Hitori (108 Heroes of 'The Water Margin' in Popular Translation) (BM 1906,1220,0.1311).jpg File:Xiahe mandible.jpg File:Zhou Fang. Court Ladies Playing Double-sixes. Freer Gallery of Art.jpg File:神龍蘭亭序全.JPG Featured portals Portal:Hong Kong A-Class articles Battle of Hulao Battle of Kapyong First Battle of Maryang-san Featured topics Song dynasty edit  Things you can do Here are some tasks awaiting attention: Article requests : visit WikiProject China/Requested articles Assess : rate the Unassessed China-related articles and Unknown-importance China-related articles, tag the talk pages of China-related articles with the {{WikiProject China}} banner. Cleanup : Clean up grammar and verifications for Shenzhen. A cleanup listing for this project is available. See also the tool's wiki page and the index of WikiProjects. Copyedit : visit China articles needing attention Deletion sorting : listed at WikiProject Deletion sorting/China Expand : China National Ethnic Song and Dance Ensemble, Northern Min, Mobike, Chinese People's Liberation Army Support Base in Djibouti Infobox : visit China articles needing infoboxes Maintain : visit WikiProject China/Article alerts Map : visit Wikipedia requested maps in China Merge : deciding whether to merge Islam in China with Islam in China (1911–present), an idea proposed in 2014 Notability : visit WikiProject Notability (WikiProject China listing) and East Asia articles of unclear notability Photo : visit Wikipedia requested photographs in China Portal : maintain Portal:China and Portal:Republic of China (shared task with WikiProject Taiwan), fill in Anniversaries, update Did you know?, suggest Selected articles and pictures, add {{Portal|China}} to the See also section of China-related articles. Stubs : visit the China stubs category Translate : please visit the Chinese translation department and the Chinese intertranswiki project for more details. Verify : Transformers: Robots in Disguise (2015 TV series) - see Talk:Transformers: Robots in Disguise (2015 TV series)#In China on 1905.com from Dec 31, 2014 and Wikipedia talk:WikiProject Transformers/Archive 7#Transformers in (PR) China edit  China's Politics Politics of the People's Republic of China edit Emblem of the Communist Party of China Xi Jinping The General Secretary of the Chinese Communist Party, officially General Secretary of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, is head of the Chinese Communist Party and the highest-ranking official within China, a standing member of the Politburo and head of the Secretariat. The officeholder is usually considered the paramount leader of China. According to the Constitution, the General Secretary serves as an ex officio member of the Politburo Standing Committee, China's de facto top decision-making body. Since the early 1990s, the holder of the post has been, except for transitional periods, the Chairman of the Central Military Commission, making the holder the Commander-in-chief of the People's Liberation Army. The current General Secretary is Xi Jinping (pictured), who took the office at the 18th National Congress on 15 November 2012. Read more Politics of the Republic of China edit National Emblem of the Republic of China The President of the Republic of China is the head of state of the Republic of China (ROC). The Constitution names the president as head of state and commander-in-chief of the Republic of China Armed Forces (formerly known as the National Revolutionary Army). The president is responsible for conducting foreign relations, such as concluding treaties, declaring war, and making peace. The president must promulgate all laws and has no right to veto. Other powers of the president include granting amnesty, pardon or clemency, declaring martial law, and conferring honors and decorations. The current President is Lai Ching-te (pictured), since May 20, 2024. Lai is a Taiwanese politician and former physician, who is currently serving as the eighth president of the Republic of China under the 1947 Constitution and the third president from the Democratic Progressive Party (DPP). Read more edit  Related WikiProjects You are invited to participate in WikiProject China, a WikiProject dedicated to developing and improving articles about China.  ~~~~ Parent projects WikiProject Asia WikiProject East Asia WikiProject Countries WikiProjects Main projects WikiProject China Sub-projects and task forces Cartography Chinese surnames Cinema CJKV Entertainment Go (board game) History Military history Politics Three Kingdoms Cities Pearl River Delta Provinces Hong Kong Macau Taiwan Tibet Transportation Related projects Buddhism Christianity Martial arts Taoism edit  Wikipedias in languages found in China 粵語 / 广东话 (Cantonese)     •      古文 / 文言文 (Classical Chinese)     •      赣语 (Gan)     •      Hak-kâ-fa (Hakka)     •      قازاق تىلى (Kazakh)     •      中文 / 普通话 (Mandarin) (Now unable to access in China Mainland because of the Great Firewall)     •      闽东语 (Min Dong)     •      闽南语 (Min-nan)     •      བོད་ཡིག (Tibetan)     •      ئۇيغۇرچە (Uyghur)     •      吴语 (Wu)     •      Sawcuengh (Zhuang) Incubator wiki incubator Xiang (湘语) wiki incubator Pu-Xian Min (莆仙话) wiki incubator Min Bei (闽北语) wiki incubator lahu (拉祜族，拉祜语) wiki incubator Nuosu (彝族，彝语) wiki incubator hmong (苗族，苗语) wiki incubator Bouyei (布依族，布依语) wiki incubator manchu (满族，满语) wiki incubator Xong (苗族，湘西苗语) wiki incubator Daw (苗族，白苗苗语) wiki incubator xibo (锡伯族，锡伯语) wiki incubator salar (撒拉族，撒拉语) wiki incubator цзинпо (景颇族，景颇语) wiki incubator Tai Nüa (傣族，德宏傣语) wiki incubator Amis (阿美族，阿美語) wiki incubator Western Yugur (裕固族，西部裕固语) wiki incubator northern tujia (土家族，北部土家语) edit  Associated Wikimedia The following Wikimedia Foundation sister projects provide more on this subject: Commons Free media repository Wikibooks Free textbooks and manuals Wikidata Free knowledge base Wikinews Free-content news Wikiquote Collection of quotations Wikisource Free-content library Wikiversity Free learning tools Wikivoyage Free travel guide Wiktionary Dictionary and thesaurus Discover Wikipedia using portals List of all portals The arts portal Biography portal Current events portal Geography portal History portal Mathematics portal Science portal Society portal Technology portal Random portal WikiProject Portals Purge server cache