Xanthidae is a family of crabs known as gorilla crabs, mud crabs, pebble crabs or rubble crabs.[1] Xanthid crabs are often brightly coloured and are highly poisonous, containing toxins which are not destroyed by cooking and for which no antidote is known.[2][better source needed] The toxins are similar to the tetrodotoxin and saxitoxin produced by puffer fish, and may be produced by bacteria in the genus Vibrio living in symbiosis with the crabs, mostly V. alginolyticus and V. parahaemolyticus.[2][better source needed]
Quick Facts Scientific classification, Subfamilies ...
| Xanthidae |
 |
| Xantho poressa |
|
Scientific classification  |
| Domain: |
Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: |
Animalia |
| Phylum: |
Arthropoda |
| Class: |
Malacostraca |
| Order: |
Decapoda |
| Suborder: |
Pleocyemata |
| Infraorder: |
Brachyura |
| Superfamily: |
Xanthoidea |
| Family: |
Xanthidae
Macleay, 1838 [1] |
|
| Subfamilies |
- Actaeinae Alcock, 1898
- Antrocarcininae Ng & D. G. B. Chia, 1994
- Chlorodiellinae Ng & Holthuis, 2007
- Cymoinae Alcock, 1898
- Etisinae Ortmann, 1893
- Euxanthinae Alcock, 1898
- Glyptoxanthinae Mendoza & Guinot, 2011
- Kraussiinae Ng, 1993
- Liomerinae T. Sakai, 1976
- Polydectinae Dana, 1851
- Speocarcininae Števčić, 2005
- Xanthinae MacLeay, 1838
- Zalasiinae Serène, 1968
- Zosiminae Alcock, 1898
|
Close
Many species formerly included in the family Xanthidae have since been moved to new families. Despite this, Xanthidae is still the largest crab family in terms of species richness, with 572 species in 133 genera divided among the thirteen subfamilies:[3]
- Actaeinae Alcock, 1898
- Actaea De Haan, 1833
- Actaeodes Dana, 1851
- Actaeops † Portell & Collins, 2004
- Allactaea Williams, 1974
- Epiactaea Serène, 1984
- Epiactaeodes Serène, 1984
- Forestia Guinot, 1976
- Gaillardiellus Guinot, 1976
- Heteractaea Lockington, 1877
- Lobiactaea T. Sakai, 1983
- Meractaea Serène, 1984
- Novactaea Guinot, 1976
- Odhneria T. Sakai, 1983
- Paractaea Guinot, 1969
- Paractaeopsis Serène, 1984
- Phlyctenodes † A. Milne-Edwards, 1862
- Platyactaea Guinot, 1967
- Psaumis Kossmann, 1877
- Pseudactaea Serène, 1962
- Pseudoliomera Odhner, 1925
- Pseudophlyctenodes † Busulini, Tessier & Beschin, 2006
- Rata Davie, 1993
- Serenius Guinot, 1976
- Antrocarcininae Ng & D. G. B. Chia, 1994
- Chlorodiellinae Ng & Holthuis, 2007
- Cymoinae Alcock, 1898
- Etisinae Ortmann, 1893
- Euxanthinae Alcock, 1898
- Alainodaeus Davie, 1993
- Batodaeus Vázquez-Bader & Gracia, 2004
- Carpoporus Stimpson, 1871
- Cranaothus Ng, 1993
- Crosnierius Serène & Vadon, 1981
- Danielea Ng & P. F. Clark, 2003
- Edwardsium Guinot, 1967
- Epistocavea Davie, 1993
- Euxanthus Dana, 1851
- Gothus Yuan, Jiang, and Sha, 2024[lower-alpha 1]
- Guinotellus Serène, 1971
- Hepatoporus Serène, 1984
- Hypocolpus Rathbun, 1897
- Ladomedaeus Števčić, 2005
- Lipaesthesius Rathbun, 1898
- Medaeops Guinot, 1967
- Medaeus Dana, 1851
- Miersiella Guinot, 1967
- Monodaeus Guinot, 1967
- Olenothus Ng, 2002
- Palatigum Davie, 1997
- Paramedaeus Guinot, 1967
- Pleurocolpus Crosnier, 1995
- Pseudomedaeus Guinot, 1968
- Rizalthus Mendoza & Ng, 2008
- Visayax Mendoza & Ng, 2008
- Glyptoxanthinae Mendoza & Guinot, 2011 [4]
- Kraussiinae Ng, 1993
- Liomerinae T. Sakai, 1976
- Polydectinae Dana, 1851
- Speocarcininae Števčić, 2005
- Trichia
- Xanthinae MacLeay, 1838
- Cataleptodius Guinot, 1968
- Coralliope Guinot, 1967
- Cycloxanthops Rathbun, 1897
- Demania Laurie, 1906
- Ectaesthesius Rathbun, 1898
- Epixanthops Serène, 1984
- Eucratodes A. Milne-Edwards, 1880
- Euryxanthops Garth & Kim, 1983
- Garthiope Guinot, 1990
- Gaudichaudia Rathbun, 1930
- Gonopanope Guinot, 1967
- Guitonia Garth & Iliffe, 1992
- Jacforus Ng & P. F. Clark, 2003
- Juxtaxanthias Ward, 1942
- Lachnopodus Stimpson, 1858
- Leptodius A. Milne-Edwards, 1863
- Liagore De Haan, 1833
- Linnaeoxanthus Števčić, 2005
- Lioxanthodes Calman, 1909
- Macromedaeus Ward, 1942
- Marratha Ng & P. F. Clark, 2003
- Megametope Filhol, 1886
- Megamia † Karasawa, 1993
- Melybia Stimpson, 1871
- Metaxanthops Serène, 1984
- Metopoxantho † De Man, 1904
- Microcassiope Guinot, 1967
- Micropanope Stimpson, 1871
- Nanocassiope Guinot, 1967
- Nectopanope Wood-Mason & Alcock, 1891
- Neolioxantho Garth & Kim, 1983
- Neoxanthias Ward, 1932
- Neoxanthops Guinot, 1968
- Orphnoxanthus Alcock, 1896
- Ovatis Ng & H.-I. Chen, 2004
- Palaeoxanthops † Karasawa, 1993
- Paraxanthias Odhner, 1925
- Paraxanthodes Guinot, 1968
- Paraxanthus Lucas, 1844
- Xanthias Rathbun, 1897
- Xantho Leach, 1814
- Xanthodius Stimpson, 1859
- Zalasiinae Serène, 1968
- Zosiminae Alcock, 1898
- Incertae sedis
- Haydnella † Müller, 1984
- Nogarolia † Beschin, Busulini, De Angeli & Tessier, 1994
- Sculptoplax † Müller & Collins, 1991
Provisionally placed in Euxanthinae, although its phylogenetic position is unstable.
Media related to Xanthidae at Wikimedia Commons
