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Selenide, water dikinase
Enzyme From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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In enzymology, a selenide, water dikinase (EC 2.7.9.3) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction
- ATP + selenide + H2O AMP + selenophosphate + phosphate
The 3 substrates of this enzyme are ATP, selenide, and H2O, whereas its 3 products are AMP, selenophosphate, and phosphate.
This enzyme belongs to the family of transferases, to be specific, those transferring phosphorus-containing groups (phosphotransferases) with paired acceptors (dikinases). The systematic name of this enzyme class is ATP:selenide, water phosphotransferase. This enzyme is also called selenophosphate synthetase. This enzyme participates in selenoamino acid metabolism.
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Evolution
Vertebrates including humans carry two versions of this enzyme, with one (SEPHS2) being a selenoprotein and the other (SEPHS1) replacing it with a threonine, though still with a vestigial SECIS element. Analysis of animal versions of this enzyme show that the original animal version is a selenoprotein, with SEPHS1 arising later through gene duplication.[1]
Among prokaryotes, most bacteria have a version with cystine instad of selenocystine, suggesting that this may be the ancestral state (which would avoid the chicken-and-egg problem). Some have two versions, one with Sec and the other with Cys. Archaea mostly have the Sec version.[1]
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References
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