Peter Hirsch (metallurgist)

Sir Peter Bernhard Hirsch HonFRMS FRS (born 16 January 1925) is a British metallurgist who has made fundamental contributions to the application of transmission electron microscopy to metals.^[2][3]

Sir Peter Hirsch FRS
Born	16 January 1925 (1925-01-16) (age 100) Berlin, Germany
Alma mater	Christ's College, Cambridge St Catharine's College, Cambridge
Known for	Transmission Electron Microscopy Physics
Relatives	Afua Hirsch (great-niece)
Awards	Franklin J. Clamer Medal (1970) Hughes Medal (1973) Royal Medal (1977) Wolf Prize in Physics (1983/4) Holweck Meda (1988) Lomonosov Gold Medal of Russian Academy of Sciences (2005) Fellow of the Royal Society
Scientific career
Fields	Materials Science
Institutions	University of Oxford
Thesis	An X-ray micro-beam technique (1951)
Doctoral advisor	W.H. Taylor[1]
Doctoral students	Michael J Whelan[1]

Biography

Hirsch was born in 16 January 1925; his parents divorced in 1934 and his father died two years later.^[4] Hirsch lived in Germany until 1939; he was one of hundreds of Jewish children that escaped Germany via the various Kindertransport missions that saved many such children from the impending dangers of World War II and the Holocaust.^[5]

Hirsch attended Sloane Grammar School, Chelsea, and St Catharine's College, Cambridge. In 1946 he joined the Crystallography Department of the Cavendish to work for a PhD on work hardening in metals under W. H. Taylor and Lawrence Bragg.^[6] He subsequently carried out work, which is still cited, on the structure of coal.

In the mid-1950s, he pioneered the application of transmission electron microscopy (TEM) to metals and developed in detail the theory needed to interpret such images. He was a Fellow of Christ's College, Cambridge from 1960 to 1966 and was elected an Honorary Fellow of Christ's in 1978. In 1965, with Howie, Whelan, Pashley and Nicholson, he published the text Electron microscopy of thin crystals.^[7][8] The following year he moved to Oxford to take up the Isaac Wolfson Chair in Metallurgy, succeeding William Hume-Rothery. He held this post until his retirement in 1992, building up the Department of Metallurgy (now the Department of Materials) into a world-renowned centre. Among many other honours, he was awarded the 1983 Wolf Foundation Prize in physics. He was elected to the Royal Society in 1963 and knighted in 1975.

Hirsch was elected a member of the National Academy of Engineering in 2001 for experimentally establishing the role of dislocations in plastic flow and of electron microscopy as a tool for materials research. He is also a fellow of St Edmund Hall, Oxford.

His great-niece is the writer and broadcaster Afua Hirsch.^[9]