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Ukrainian Youth Association
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The Ukrainian Youth Association (Ukrainian: Спілка української молоді, transliterated as Spilka Ukraïns'koï Molodi, known by the acronym СУМ, SUM, pronounced "soom", and commonly rendered as CYM) is a youth organization in Ukraine, Australia,[1] Belgium,[2] Canada, Estonia,[3] France,[2] Great Britain,[4] Germany,[5] and the United States.[6] The organization plans to create units in New Zealand.[7]
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History
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The Ukrainian Youth Association was founded in 1925 in Kyiv by a group of former students of the First Ukrainian Gymnasium (founded in 1917 and later named after Taras Shevchenko), who were led by Mykola Pavlushkov, whose father had been the ambassador of the Ukrainian People's Republic in Greece. The organization stemmed from the "Unity and Concord Society" founded by the students and teachers of the gymnasium in 1923. According to Pavlushkov, the idea to create the association stemmed from journalist and scientist Serhiy Yefremov.
On 30 May 1926 participants of the organization spread leaflets condemning the murder of exiled Ukrainian leader Symon Petliura during a memorial service for Ivan Franko in Kyiv's Saint Sophia Cathedral. As a result, Soviet authorities initiated a campaign of persecution against the association and other groups of Ukrainian intelligentsia. In May 1929 Pavlushkov and several other SUM members were arrested by the GPU directed by Vsevolod Balitsky. Arrests of other prominent Ukrainian activists connected to the association, including Yefremov, followed, eventually leading to the Union for the Freedom of Ukraine trial, which took place in 1930 in Kharkiv. Leaders of SUM received prison terms of up to 10 years. In November 1937 Pavlushkov was executed by firing squad while in imprisonment. Yefremov died in March 1939 in Vladimir Central Prison.
Despite the destruction of the original SUM, its name was adopted by several organizations opposed to the Soviet regime, both in Ukraine and in the diaspora. Soon the branches of the association spread to over 20 countries around the world.
The process against the organization was described by writer Geliy Snegiryov in his 1977 book, first published in the Russian emigré magazine Kontinent and later translated into Ukrainian. Snegiryov's mother had been one of the initiators of the trial against SUM members, sending a report on their actions to the Young Communist League.[8]
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Program sections
- Sumeniata (youngest members) - ages 3 to 5
- Molodshe Yunatstvo (younger members) - ages 6 to 12
- Starshe Yunatstvo (older members) - ages 13 – 17
- Druszynnyky (Councillors/Leaders) - ages 18 – 49
- Seiniory (Seniors) - ages 50+
A Ukrainian who attributes themselves to the СУМ organization is named Sumivets.
See also
Archives
There is a Canadian Ukrainian Youth Association fonds at Library and Archives Canada.[9] The archival reference number is R3438.[10]
References
External links
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