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Suva Reka
Town and municipality in Prizren, Kosovo From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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Suva Reka (Serbian Cyrillic: Сува Река) or Suharekë (Albanian definite form: Suhareka) or Therandë (Albanian definite form: Theranda) is a town and municipality located in the Prizren district of central-southern Kosovo. According to the 2011 census, the town has 10,422 inhabitants, while the municipality has 59,722 inhabitants mostly Kosovo Albanians.
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Suva Reka is located 18 km (11 mi) from the city of Prizren, and 57 km (35 mi) from Kosovo's capital, Pristina.
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Name
Suva Reka means "dry river" in the Serbian language.[2] The Albanian spellings are Suharekë[3] or Suhareka (derived from the Slavic form), while an alternative[4][5] Therandë,[6] was adopted from an unlocated ancient site (possibly in Suhareka or Lubizhda in the Mirusha valley.[7][8]
History
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Historical background
The municipality includes several medieval sites and old settlements, such as the villages of Banjë, Suharekë, Duhël, Mushtishtë, Popolan, Reçan, and churches of Virgin Hodegetria, St. George, Holy Trinity, St. Nicholas, among others. The settlement of Theranda itself was first mentioned in 1465.
Ottoman period
In 1651, the Albanian Catholic Gregor Mazrreku reported that all the men in Suharekë (Suva Reka), where there had been previously 160 Catholic households, had converted to Islam, but that about 36 or 37 of their wives remained Catholic.[9]
Yugoslav period
From 1929 to 1941, Suva Reka was a town part of the Vardar Banovina of the Kingdom of Yugoslavia.
Between 1918 and 1941, the demographic structure of the municipality of Suva Reka has been affected by settlements and colonization such as the Serbian colonization and population settlement, for the most part from the Toplica District.[10]
During World War II, Albanians destroyed the Serbian church in Trnje in Suva Reka.[11]
On the night of 9–10 June 1984, ethnic Albanians desecrated 29 tombstones of the Church of the Holy Saviour.[12][13]
Kosovo War and aftermath
During the Kosovo War (1998–99), the Kosovo Liberation Army (KLA) operated in the region and it was reported that it had killed and wounded several Serbian policemen and civilians. Among KLA attacks against police officers recorded in 1998 in the municipality were: on 16 August in Bllacë (one badly wounded), on 23 August in Duhël (three badly, four lightly wounded) and in Reshtan (one badly wounded), on 25 August in Duhël (one badly wounded), on 28 September in Budakovë (three badly wounded) and in Vraniq (one lightly wounded).[14] KLA shot at an OSCE vehicle driving behind a FR Yugoslav military convoy between Suva Reka and Shtime on 5 November 1998.[15] On 8 January 1999, KLA members ambushed a MUP convoy near Suva Reka, killing three Serbian policemen.[16] In 10–16 January 1999, FR Yugoslav forces conducted counter-insurgency operations in Suva Reka.[17]
The UNHCR estimated on 18 March 1999 that the Suva Reka municipality had 6,100 displaced and 5,600 returnees.[18] On 25 March, the town was surrounded by the Yugoslav army and police, and 48 Albanians were massacred. 46 of the victims were members of the Berisha family, 14 of whom were under 15 years old.[19] There were reports that Serb forces extorted Albanians in Belanica on 27 March.[20] In April and May 1999, Serb paramilitary repeatedly attacked the villages in the municipality, forcing the population to leave and gather in KLA territory.[20] Human Rights Watch also reported the killing of 11 Albanian men in one village, 24 killed in Trnje, and 12 killed in the village of Belanica. According to the Suva Reka office of the Council for the Defense of Human Rights and Freedoms, 430 people were killed in the Suva Reka municipality during the NATO bombing campaign (24 March-11 June).[21] On 11–12 June 1999, a Serb family of four was kidnapped in Dvorane and never located.[22][23] On 12 June 1999, KLA attacked Mušutište and kidnapped eighteen Serb civilians.[24][25]
After the war, Serbian heritage was destroyed all over Kosovo. The churches (including cemeteries) of Virgin Hodegetria, St. George, Holy Trinity, St. Nicholas and others were completely destroyed in 1999 after the arrival of KFOR and the end of the war.[26]
NATO set up a military base in the municipality, Camp Casablanca.
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Culture
Churches
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Mosques
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Demographics
According to the 2011 census done by the Government of Kosovo, the municipality of Suva Reka had 59,722 inhabitants of which 98.9% were Kosovo Albanians.[27] According to OSCE, the whereabouts of the displaced Serb and Roma communities is unknown.[27]
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Twin towns – Sister cities
Suva Reka is twinned with:
References
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External links
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