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Syangja District
District in Gandaki Pradesh, Nepal From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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Syangja District (Nepali: स्याङ्जा जिल्ला; ⓘ) is a part of Gandaki Province, and is one of the seventy-seven districts of Nepal. Its headquarter is Putalibazar with a diverse population including Brahmin, Magars, Chhetri, Dalit and Gurung communities. Syangja is home to attractions like the ancient temples of Garaunsur and Akala, scenic viewpoints such as Panchase, and the historical town of Waling, making it a growing eco-tourism destination. The economy is primarily based on agriculture, with rice, maize, millet, and fruits like oranges being widely cultivated. Syangja is the leading Orange producer in nepal with 22,000 tons in 2023.[2] The district has several educational institutions, and many residents pursue higher education in cities like Pokhara and Kathmandu. Well-connected by highways to major cities like Pokhara and Butwal, Syangja offers a blend of natural beauty, cultural diversity, and historical importance. The district covers an area of 1,164 km2 (449 sq mi) and has a population of 254,965.[1]
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Etymology
The name "Syangja" is derived from the surname of the Sinjali people, an ethnic group belonging to the Magar community who live in this area. There are various folklore surrounding the name.[citation needed]
History
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Prehistoric Times
The area that is now Syangja District has been inhabited since ancient times, with archaeological evidence suggesting human settlement dating back thousands of years.[citation needed]
Medieval Period
During the medieval period, the region was part of various small principalities and kingdoms. It was ruled by local chieftains and feudal lords, often referred to as the Barha Magarat. These small kingdoms were primarily inhabited by the Magar ethnic group, one of the indigenous peoples of Nepal. The petty kingdoms of Bhirkot, Nuwakot and Satahun of Chaubisi Rajya existed in present day territory of Syangja.
Unification of Nepal
In the 18th century, the Shah Dynasty, led by King Prithvi Narayan Shah, began the unification of Nepal. Syangja, like many other regions, came under the rule of the expanding Gorkha Kingdom. The unification campaign led to the consolidation of various small principalities into a single kingdom, which eventually became modern Nepal.
Historical Places
The headquarters of Syangja District lies in Syangja Bazaar. Some places of historical interest in this district include Satahun Chandi, Manakamana, Bhirkot Durbar, Alamdevi, Akala Devi, Gahraukalika, Nuwakot Durbar, Chhangchhangdi, and Ridi Ruru Kshetra, located along the banks of the Kaligandaki River. Chhangchhangdi (Chaya-kshetra) is mentioned in the Swasthani Vrata-Katha, which is considered part of the Skanda Purana, as the place where the last organ of the deceased Satidevi fell while she was being carried by Lord Shiva.
Among the three municipalities, Putalibazar municipality is situated on the eastern side, while Waling municipality is located in western Syangja. The newly formed Chapakot municipality is in the east-south. Waling is a longitudinal valley along the banks of the Aandhikhola River. According to one folk legend, the Aandhikhola River is believed to have originated from the tears of Shravan from the Ramayana. The largest valley in Syangja is Ramkosh. There are hiking opportunities, including Chandithaan, which is a Devi temple, and Hunikot, a viewpoint overlooking Putalibazar.
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Geography
Syangja District lies in the hilly region, with altitudes ranging from approximately 300 meters along the banks of the Kaligandaki River to several thousand meters above sea level. It is situated at a latitude of 28°4'60" North and a longitude of 83°52'0" East.
Government and politics
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Syangja District has 11 local units, among which five are municipalities (Nagarpalika) and six are rural municipalities (Gaunpalika) established with the formulation of the new constitution and the provincial division of the country.[4]
Former Village Development Committees and Municipalities
Before the reorganization of administrative divisions, Syangja District was divided into several Village Development Committees (VDCs) and municipalities. The following table lists these VDCs and municipalities as they were prior to the restructuring. In total, there were 44 VDCs and 4 municipalities in Syangja District before the reorganization.[5]
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Economy
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Putalibazar is Headquarter of the district but Waling Is The Financial Capital of Syangja. Syangja district is famous for orange cultivation, making it the largest producer of oranges in Nepal. Orange cultivation is an important part of the local economy, serving as the main cash crop of the district and contributing significantly to the livelihood of its residents.
Transportation
Syangja is connected to Pokhara and Bhairahawa, two of the most prominent cities in Western Nepal, via the Siddhartha Highway. The highway enters this district from Kubhinde in the north and exits to Ramdi in Palpa District in the south.
Hydroelectricity
The Kaligandaki A Hydroelectric Power Station built on the Kali Gandaki River is the largest hydroelectric project in Nepal, with an installed capacity of 144 MW. Besides the Kaligandaki A, Aadhikhola hydroelectric and some other, smaller, hydroelectric projects have been started in this district.
Of all the districts in Nepal, Syangja is one of the few districts in the country that does not suffer from the problem of loadshedding, or scheduled electric outages, while the nation suffers hours of loadshedding each day.[6]
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Demographics
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At the time of the 2021 Nepal census, Syangja District had a population of 253,024. 6.58% of the population is under 5 years of age. It has a literacy rate of 81.67% and a sex ratio of 1169 females per 1000 males. 168,879 (66.74%) lived in municipalities.[8]
Khas people make up 60% of the population, of which Bahun and Chhetri are the largest groups. Khas Dalits are 17% of the population. Hill Janjatis are the second largest group, making up 35% of the population.[9]
Languages of Baglung district (2021)[10]
- Nepali (74.72%)
- Magar (15.39%)
- Gurung (7.66%)
- Nepal Bhasha (1.07%)
- Others (1.16%)
At the time of the 2021 census, 74.72% of the population spoke Nepali, 15.39% Magar, 7.66% Gurung and 1.07% Nepal Bhasha as their first language.[10] In 2011, 74.4% of the population spoke Nepali as their first language.[11]
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Culture and society
References
External links
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