TRNA wybutosine-synthesizing protein 3

tRNA wybutosine-synthesizing protein 3, known also as tRNA^Phe 7-[(3-amino-3-carboxypropyl)-4-demethylwyosine³⁷-N⁴]-methyltransferase, abbreviated to TYW3 is an S-adenosyl-L-methionine-dependent methyltransferase that is involved in the biosynthetic pathway of wybutosine, a hyper-modified guanosine possessing tricyclic base found at the 3'-position which is close to the anticodon of eukaryotic phenylalanine tRNA.^[1] TYW3 is believed to also methylate the carboxyl group of leucine to form α-leucine esters.^[2] The enzyme catalyzes the following reaction,

4-demethyl-7-[(3S)-3-amino-3-carboxypropyl]wyosine(37) + S-adenosyl-L-methionine = 7-[(3S)-3-amino-3-carboxypropyl]wyosine(37) + S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + H⁺

tRNA wybutosine-synthesizing protein 3
The enzyme as folded by AlphaFold
Identifiers
EC no.	2.1.1.282
Databases
IntEnz	IntEnz view
BRENDA	BRENDA entry
ExPASy	NiceZyme view
KEGG	KEGG entry
MetaCyc	metabolic pathway
PRIAM	profile
PDB structures	RCSB PDB PDBe PDBsum
Search PMC articles PubMed articles NCBI proteins

The modifications this enzyme makes are important for translational reading-frame maintenance. TYW3 is found in all eukaryotes and in some archaea, but not in bacteria.^[3][4]