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Tar Heel/Coachman Formation

Geologic formation in the United States From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

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The Tar Heel Formation, also known as the Coachman Formation in South Carolina, is a Late Cretaceous (early to middle Campanian-aged) geologic formation in North Carolina and South Carolina, United States. It preserves fossils, including amber dating back to the Cretaceous period. A locality known as Phoebus Landing, has been dated to 78.5-77.1 Ma, and the formation has been overall dated to the early Campanian based on fossil pollen.[1][2][3]

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Likely deposited in a nearshore coastal environment representing a lower shoreface, it contains a high diversity of vertebrate remains. It has one of the most diverse dinosaur faunas known from the former landmass of Appalachia, the majority of which are known from two sites: Phoebus Landing along the Cape Fear River in Bladen County, North Carolina, as well as Stokes Quarry in Darlington County, South Carolina.[4][5][6]

Fossil pollen grains suggest a subtropical to warm, moist temperate climate for the region, with an ecosystem largely dominated by flowering plants.[3] The Tar Heel/Coachman Formation appears to be roughly concurrent with the Marshalltown Formation of New Jersey, which preserves a similar fauna.[4]

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Paleobiota

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Cartilaginous fish

Based on the Paleobiology Database & Robb (1989):[7][8]

More information Cartilaginous fish of the Tar Heel/Coachman Formation, Genus ...

Ray-finned fish

Based on the Paleobiology Database, Robb (1989) & Stringer et al (2018). Some species are known only from otolith remains from Blue Banks & Auger Hole Landings, North Carolina, which are indicated:[7][8][10]

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Reptiles

Records from SC based on Schwimmer et al (2015):[6]

Dinosaurs

Ornithischians

Based mainly on Brownstein (2018):[4]

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An indeterminate hadrosauroid is known from Stokes Quarry, SC.[4]

Theropods
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Indeterminate theropods, ornithomimosaurs, and maniraptorans are known from Stokes Quarry.[4]

Crocodylomorphs

Based on the Paleobiology Database:[7]

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Turtles

Based on the Paleobiology Database:[7]

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Plesiosaurs

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Squamates

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Mammals

Based on the Paleobiology Database:[20]

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References

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