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Tar Heel/Coachman Formation
Geologic formation in the United States From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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The Tar Heel Formation, also known as the Coachman Formation in South Carolina, is a Late Cretaceous (early to middle Campanian-aged) geologic formation in North Carolina and South Carolina, United States. It preserves fossils, including amber dating back to the Cretaceous period. A locality known as Phoebus Landing, has been dated to 78.5-77.1 Ma, and the formation has been overall dated to the early Campanian based on fossil pollen.[1][2][3]
Likely deposited in a nearshore coastal environment representing a lower shoreface, it contains a high diversity of vertebrate remains. It has one of the most diverse dinosaur faunas known from the former landmass of Appalachia, the majority of which are known from two sites: Phoebus Landing along the Cape Fear River in Bladen County, North Carolina, as well as Stokes Quarry in Darlington County, South Carolina.[4][5][6]
Fossil pollen grains suggest a subtropical to warm, moist temperate climate for the region, with an ecosystem largely dominated by flowering plants.[3] The Tar Heel/Coachman Formation appears to be roughly concurrent with the Marshalltown Formation of New Jersey, which preserves a similar fauna.[4]
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Paleobiota
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Cartilaginous fish
Based on the Paleobiology Database & Robb (1989):[7][8]
Ray-finned fish
Based on the Paleobiology Database, Robb (1989) & Stringer et al (2018). Some species are known only from otolith remains from Blue Banks & Auger Hole Landings, North Carolina, which are indicated:[7][8][10]
Reptiles
Records from SC based on Schwimmer et al (2015):[6]
Dinosaurs
Ornithischians
Based mainly on Brownstein (2018):[4]
An indeterminate hadrosauroid is known from Stokes Quarry, SC.[4]
Theropods
Indeterminate theropods, ornithomimosaurs, and maniraptorans are known from Stokes Quarry.[4]
Crocodylomorphs
Based on the Paleobiology Database:[7]
Turtles
Based on the Paleobiology Database:[7]
Plesiosaurs
Squamates
Mammals
Based on the Paleobiology Database:[20]
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References
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