Tony Yaniro

Tony Yaniro (also spelled as Toni Yaniro, born 1961 or 1962),^{[citation needed]} is an American professional rock climber known for his unique climbing style signature move, the "Yaniro" and for being the first-ever person to redpoint an 8a (5.13b) graded rock climbing route. He has been called one of the founders of modern climbing training^[1] and describes himself as the "father of sport climbing'.^[2] He has made a number of first ascents across difficult routes in the United States and is known for being a pioneer in hand grip development.

Quick facts Climbing career, Type of climber ...

Tony Yaniro

Climbing career
Type of climber	crack, boulder and sport climber
Known for	First ascent of Grand Illusion (1979), the "Yaniro" signature move, hand hold shaper and manufacturer
First ascents	The Pirate (1978), Alien (1980)

His approach to cross training and circuit training to train muscle groups for climbers has had a wide resonance beyond developing sport climbers. His training regimes have been used to develop climbing fitness and endurance in all types of climbers, and have been used by some of the world's leading alpinists and high-altitude mountaineers.^[3]^[4]

He popularized the statement: “If you can't do the moves, then there is nothing to endure.”^[5]^[6]

Tony Yaniro grew up in California and began climbing at age 11 when he discovered the sport at summer camp.^[7]^[8] In 1974, he made a free ascent up to the first pitch of Anti-Jello Crack (5.10a)^[9] and soon gained notoriety for outclimbing veteran climbers at Suicide Rock.^[10] At 16 in 1978, Yaniro free climbed The Pirate (5.12d).^[11]

Thumb — Suicide Rock, where Yaniro first gained recognition for his climbing

In 1979, he was the first-ever climber to climb a route graded 8a (5.13b) with Grand Illusion, near South Lake Tahoe.^[12]^[13] It was considered the most difficult climbing route in the world at the time. To summit Grand Illusion, Yaniro made several visits to the site, discretely climbing up and dangling on the top rope, feeling and memorizing the different hand holds that would be necessary to climb the rock. The practice, known as hangdogging, was considered scandalous, against climbing ethics.^[14] He then made a replica of the crack at home and practiced, building the muscle groups needed to be able to achieve a successful climb. After successfully climbing Grand Illusion, Yaniro's use of hangdogging and practicing at home received criticism from the climbing community.^[15] Over time, perception to the climb changed. It took years before the climbing community saw the technique as groundbreaking, leading to a shift towards practicing on replica hand holds, improving access to new routes and leading to greater improvements in rock climbing.^[10] It also helped propel Yaniro into becoming a pioneer hold creator and manufacturer.

Beyond hangdogging, Yaniro distinguished himself from traditionalists through gym training and preparing extensively in advance of his climbs,^[16]^[17] challenging the traditional climbing styles of the 1970s.^[18] At the time, training and gym workouts were untraditional for climbers, making Yaniro's approach stand out.^[19] His preparation training contributed to the development of his innovative climbing style, allowing him to hone moves that were used by few others at the time, such as the "Yaniro"/figure-four.^[20]^[21]

The "Yaniro", is a climbing move that entails placing one leg above one's opposite elbow to reach a distant handhold.^[22] It is a useful technique in situations when there is a lack of obvious foot holds, while wearing crampons or when ice climbing and you have only small holds available. It is claimed that the technique was originally performed by Patrick Berhault while traversing La Loubière in 1979. Yaniro popularized the move when he used it on the ascent of Chouca (8a+) in Buoux in the late 1980s at the suggestion of Darius Azin.^[23] Afterwards, the move, and its association with Yaniro particularly became well known in rock climbing circles in France.^[24] Elsewhere, the move is more commonly known as a figure-four.^[24]

In the 1980s, Yaniro and fellow climber Randy Leavitt found an empty parking structure outside of Los Angeles which they used as a makeshift climbing lab to test out new moves and build up their skills prior to climbs.^[25] It was in the parking structure gym that Yaniro and Leavitt developed the "Leavittation" a climbing move that involved using a lower limb to gain leverage to climb a horizontal off-width.^[26]^[27] Another technique of Yaniro's involved wedging one's head and closed fist together in a crack, to gain leverage to pull upwards.^[28]

While initially perceived as a rebel in the climbing community, over time, as his approach to training and climbing fitness became more recognized,^[29] he became recognized as a pioneer in the sport, especially for rehearsing difficult movements on routes before climbing them.^[30] In the late 1980s he followed his successful approach to climbing Grand Illusion to prepare for climbing Scarface (5.14a) by making hand hold molds out of tinfoil to model the grips he would need to master.^[31]

In 1989, he was featured in "To the Limit" an IMAX documentary film by Greg MacGillivray. The film showcases the physiological effects on the human body by action sports athletes. Yaniro is shown climbing El Capitan in the film.^[32]

In the early 1990s, Yaniro sold his home and purchased a Winnebago motorhome to travel the country and climb everywhere he could. He attached a foldable climbing wall to the back of the vehicle, allowing him to train on the go.^[33] One of the locations he visited for climbing was Oregon's Leslie Gulch, where Yaniro and Tedd Thompson created routes, put up new lines and chipped out holds on the rock face of The Einstein, creating an outdoor climbing gym.^[34] Partially due to Yaniro's actions, the Bureau of Land Management developed their policies to manage sport climbing on national land.^[34]

He also participated in competitions, placing 52nd in the Climbing World Cup in Nuremberg in 1993.^[35]

During this time, Yaniro supported himself by shaping climbing holds for various companies, and eventually moved to Las Vegas to open a climbing gym.^[33] He became known for his innovative hand holds and later moved into designing climbing facilities, opening a gym in Prescott, Arizona.^[19]^[2]^[36] His early hand hold designs, such as the "Yaniro System" have been in production for over thirty years and continues to be used to train sport climbers.^[37]

Background and climbing style

Personal life

Notable climbs

Filmography

References

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