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TrES-2A
Main sequence star in the constellation Draco From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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GSC 03549-02811 (sometimes referred to as Kepler-1, or either TrES-2A or TrES-2 parent star in reference to its exoplanet TrES-2b)[7] is a binary star system containing a G-type main-sequence star similar to the Sun. This star is located approximately 704 light-years away in the constellation of Draco. The apparent magnitude of this star is 11.41, which means it is not visible to the naked eye but can be seen with a medium-sized amateur telescope on a clear dark night. The age of this star is about 5 billion years.[4]
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Nomenclature
The designation GSC 03549-02811 comes from the Guide Star Catalog.
The star is often called TrES-2,[8] in reference to its planet discovered by the Trans-Atlantic Exoplanet Survey (TrES). The discovery paper[2] and the SIMBAD database[4] use this designation for the planet itself, but other sources call the star TrES-2 (or TrES-2A)[9] and the planet TrES-2b,[10] following the standard exoplanet naming convention. In keeping with the planet being component b, the companion star is designated TrES-2C, although it is also designated Kepler-1B.[4]
The planet was also observed by the Kepler space telescope, and so the star is also known as Kepler-1.[4] Since the planet transits the star, the star is classified as a planetary transit variable and has received the variable star designation V581 Draconis.[11]
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Binary star
In 2008 a study was undertaken of fourteen stars with exoplanets that were originally discovered using the transit method through relatively small telescopes. These systems were re-examined with the 2.2M reflector telescope at the Calar Alto Observatory in Spain. This star system, along with two others, was determined to be a previously unknown binary star system. The previously unknown secondary star is a dim magnitude 15 K-type star separated by about 232 AU from the primary, appearing offset from the primary by about one arc second in the images. This discovery resulted in a significant recalculation of parameters for both the planet and the primary star.[3]
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Planetary system
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In 2006, the exoplanet TrES-2b was discovered by the Trans-Atlantic Exoplanet Survey using the transit method. It was also within the field of view of the Kepler Mission planet-hunter spacecraft.[2] This system continues to be studied by other projects and the parameters are continuously improved.[13] The planet orbits the primary star.[3]
TrES-2b is a hot Jupiter, with a mass and size similar to those of Jupiter but an orbital period of only two days. Its orbit is prograde relative to its star's rotation.[10] In 2011, TrES-2b was found to have a very low albedo, reflecting less than 1 percent of the light from its star, making it the darkest known exoplanet at the time. However, it also emits a significant amount of light because its surface temperature is so hot that it glows red.[14] Due to its close orbit, it is assumed to be tidally locked to its parent star.[15]
The Kepler mission
In March 2009, NASA launched the Kepler spacecraft. This spacecraft was a dedicated mission to discover extrasolar planets by the transit method from solar orbit. In April 2009 the project released the first light images from the spacecraft, and TrES-2b was one of two objects highlighted in these images. Although TrES-2b was not the only known exoplanet in the field of view of this spacecraft, it was the only one identified in the first-light images. This object was important for calibration and check-out.[17]
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References
External links
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