Trickle-up economics

Trickle-up economics (also known as bubble-up economics) is an economic policy proposition that final demand among a broad population can stimulate national income in an economy. The trickle-up effect posits that policies that directly benefit lower income individuals will boost the income of society as a whole, and thus those benefits will "trickle up" throughout the population.^[1] It is the opposite of trickle-down economics.

Paul Krugman referred to the principle behind the Obama administration's economic policies as trickle-up economics,^[2] while John R. Talbott used the term bottom-up economics.^[3] Biden's American Rescue Plan was also referred to as trickle up.^[4] Accompanying labeling differed from most trickle down labels in that both Obama's and Biden's approaches were characterized as spending heavy programs, rather than tax cuts in any particular tax bracket.^[5][6] At the same time, some criticisms of Obama's economic policy were labeled trickle up.^[7]