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2025 Pacific hurricane season
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The 2025 Pacific hurricane season is the current Pacific hurricane season for the Northern Hemisphere. The season officially began on May 15, in the eastern Pacific basin (east of 140°W), and on June 1, in the central Pacific (between 140°W and the International Date Line); both will end on November 30. These dates, adopted by convention, describe the period in each year when most subtropical or tropical cyclogenesis occurs in these regions of the Pacific Ocean. In contrast to last season, which was the latest starting Pacific hurricane season in the satellite era, there were multiple early season storms this year.[1] Tropical Storm Alvin was the first system of the season. It formed off the coast of southern Mexico on May 28, and impacted El Salvador and western Mexico.
Five systems formed in June, two of which became major hurricanes. Tropical Storm Dalila caused significant flooding in Mexico while offshore. Hurricane Erick became the earliest major hurricane to make landfall on either coast of Mexico (Pacific or Atlantic). Erick caused at least US$275 million in damage and 24 fatalities in southwestern Mexico. It was followed by Hurricane Flossie, which passed near the coast of southwestern Mexico, resulting in flooding and property damage. In August, Tropical Storm Ivo brought strong winds and heavy rain to parts of Mexico. Hurricane Lorena, and Tropical Storm Mario brought similar effects to the same region in September. Then, in October, remnants of Hurricane Priscilla and Tropical Storm Raymond pushed heavy rains across several Mexican states, resulting in floods and landslides.
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Seasonal forecasts
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In advance of each Pacific hurricane season, forecasts of hurricane activity are issued by forecasters from the United States National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)'s Climate Prediction Center, and Mexico's Servicio Meteorológico Nacional (SMN). The forecasts include weekly and monthly changes in significant factors that help determine the amount of tropical storms, hurricanes, and major hurricanes within a particular season.[2]
According to NOAA, the average Pacific hurricane season between 1991 and 2020 contained about 15 named storms, 8 hurricanes and 4 major hurricanes (Category 3 and higher), as well as an accumulated cyclone energy (ACE) index of 80–115 units. Broadly speaking, ACE is the measure of the power of a tropical or subtropical cyclone multiplied by the length of time it existed. ACE is only calculated for full advisories on specific tropical or subtropical cyclones reaching wind speeds of 39 mph (63 km/h) or higher. NOAA typically describes a season as above-average, average, or below-average depending on the cumulative ACE index, but the number of tropical storms, hurricanes or major hurricanes can also be considered.[2]
On May 7, 2025, SMN issued its first outlook for the Pacific hurricane season, forecasting an above average season with 16–20 named storms, 8–11 hurricanes, and 4–6 major hurricanes.[4] On May 22, NOAA released its outlook for the eastern Pacific, which calls for a near-average season with 12 to 18 named storms, 5 to 10 hurricanes, and 2 to 5 major hurricanes, citing a continued neutral phase, the unlikelihood of an El Niño, and the possibility of La Niña in the summer.[5] This increases vertical wind shear in the basin and slightly reduces sea surface temperatures, thus favoring mild to moderate tropical cyclone activity. Furthermore, many global computer models predicted a negative Pacific decadal oscillation (PDO), a phase of a multi-decadal cycle that favored the continuation of much warmer-than-average sea surface temperatures, which had been occurring since 2021, unlike the 1991-2020 period, which generally featured below-normal activity.[2]
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Seasonal summary
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Background
Officially, the 2025 Pacific hurricane season began on May 15 in the Eastern Pacific, on June 1 in the Central Pacific, and both will end on November 30.[6] Altogether, nineteen tropical cyclones have formed, seventeen in the Eastern Pacific and two in the Central Pacific, and all became named storms. Eleven of the storms strengthened into hurricanes, with four of them intensifying into major hurricanes.
This season's ACE index, as of October 24, is approximately 124.0 units, as officially calculated by the National Hurricane Center (NHC).[7][8] This number represents sum of the squares of the maximum sustained wind speed (knots) for all named storms while they are at least tropical storm intensity, divided by 10,000.
Early activity
Activity within the Eastern Pacific began with the formation and development of Tropical Storm Alvin on May 28, two weeks after the official start of the season, but nearly two weeks earlier than the average formation date of the basin's first named storm.[9] Alvin persisted off the coast of Mexico for a few days before degenerating into a remnant low on May 31.[10] The pace of activity quickened in early June. Two storms, Hurricane Barbara and Tropical Storm Cosme, formed on June 8, off the coast of southwestern Mexico.[1] Next came Tropical Storm Dalila, which formed near the coast of southern Mexico on June 13.[11] Hurricane Erick followed early on June 17, off the coast of southern Mexico.[12] Erick was the earliest major hurricane on record to make landfall on either coast of Mexico (Pacific or Atlantic); the previous Pacific coast record was set by Hurricane Kiko on August 26, 1989.[13][14]
Next came Hurricane Flossie on June 29,[15] which became a Category 3 hurricane off the southwestern coast of Mexico[16] Dalila, Erick, and Flossie became the earliest fourth, fifth, and sixth named storms respectively in the Eastern Pacific since official naming of storms began there in 1960.[17] Tropical activity in the Central Pacific commenced in late July, with the formation of Hurricane Iona on July 27 and Tropical Storm Keli the following day.[18] Both tracked to the south of Island of Hawaiʻi, with Iona crossing the International Date Line. Soon thereafter, Hurricane Gil formed in the open Eastern Pacific on July 31, far south-southwest of the Baja California peninsula.[19]
Peak to late season activity
Four tropical cyclones formed during the month of August. The month began with Hurricane Henriette, which formed on August 4 southwest of the Baja California peninsula[20] and eventually moved northeast of Hawaii.[21] It was soon joined by Tropical Storm Ivo on August 6.[22] Developing later in the month were: Tropical Storm Juliette, on August 24; and Hurricane Kiko, on August 31. Each formed well offshore of the southern tip of Baja California.[23][24] Four systems developed during September: Hurricane Lorena, on September 2;[25] Tropical Storm Mario, on September 11;[26] Hurricane Narda, on September 21;[27] and Tropical Storm Octave, on September 30.[28] Two systems, Hurricane Priscilla and Tropical Storm Raymond, moved parallel to the coast of southwestern Mexico in early October.[29]
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Systems
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Tropical Storm Alvin
On May 25, an area of low pressure developed south of the coast of southern Mexico,[30] along the eastern North Pacific monsoon trough.[31] On the afternoon of May 28, the low developed into Tropical Depression One‑E.[32] The depression became more organized around the center and strengthened into Tropical Storm Alvin the next morning.[33] The storm continued to become better organized throughout the day, due to moving toward the northwest within an environment of warm sea surface temperatures (SSTs) and low wind shear, causing its sustained winds to increase to 60 mph (95 km/h).[34] Early on May 30, the storm moved into an increasingly hostile environment with increasing wind shear and decreasing SSTs, causing it to weaken.[35] Later, on the morning of May 31, Alvin degenerated into a remnant low while approaching the southern tip of the Baja California peninsula.[10]
The trough of low pressure that spawned Alvin caused strong winds and heavy rain in El Salvador, Chiapas, Guerrero, and Oaxaca. In El Salvador, multiple buildings were damaged and over 50 people were injured. One person was killed.[36][37] Agricultural losses in Emiliano Zapata were estimated at Mex$230,000 (US$12,000).[38] In Guerrero, two people drowned.[39] In Greater Mexico City, remnant moisture from Alvin caused flooding in Coacalco de Berriozábal and Los Reyes La Paz. Numerous vehicles and roads were damaged by floodwaters.[40] Alvin also generated heavy rainfall over Mexico City, disrupting the Mexico City Metro.[41][42] At least 660 homes and 64 vehicles were damaged.[43][44] A 13-year-old boy was electrocuted during the passage of the storm.[45] The government allocated Mex$11.6 million (US$617,000) to support families in Iztapalapa affected.[46] Additionally, remnant moisture from Alvin also reached the Southwestern United States.[47]
Hurricane Barbara
On June 4, a trough of low pressure formed off the coast of southern Mexico.[48] Two days later, showers and thunderstorms associated with the low gradually increased near the Gulf of Tehuantepec.[49] By the morning of June 8, a closed and well-defined low-level circulation had developed within the disturbance, marking the formation of Tropical Storm Barbara.[50] Barbara steadily strengthened into the next day, and by 14:00 UTC on June 9, had become a minimal Category 1 hurricane, while located about 155 mi (250 km) southwest of Manzanillo, Colima.[51] Later that same day, however, the system weakened, and fell below hurricane strength.[52] Then, on June 10, as Barbara moved through cooler waters and into a less favorable atmospheric environment, its deep convection diminished considerably,[53] and by late that same day, it had degenerated to a remnant low.[54]
Tropical Storm Cosme
On June 6, a broad area of low pressure formed along the western side of an elongated trough south of Mexico.[55] Showers and thunderstorms associated with the low became considerably better organized early on June 8, resulting in the formation of Tropical Depression Three-E.[56] Moving slowly northwestward, the system soon strengthened into Tropical Storm Cosme.[57] Cosme continued to intensify, and by the afternoon of June 9, was nearing hurricane strength, with sustained winds of 70 mph (110 km/h).[58] Additional strengthening was stifled, however, and Cosme began weakening the following morning, due to the effects of moderate northeasterly wind shear and the presence of Barbara to the northeast.[59] Ultimately, all deep convection ceased, and the storm degenerated to a remnant low early on June 11.[60]
Tropical Storm Dalila
On June 10, a broad area of low pressure located several hundred miles south of the Gulf of Tehuantepec.[61] Showers and thunderstorms associated with the low increased the following day and later began showing signs of organization, though its low-level circulation remained broad and elongated. Due to the increasing likelihood of the system developing into a tropical storm, and its proximity to coastal Mexico, the NHC designated it Potential Tropical Cyclone Four‑E at 21:00 UTC on June 12.[62] The system gradually became better organized, developing into Tropical Depression Four‑E,[63] then soon strengthening into Tropical Storm Dalila at 18:00 UTC on June 13, about 195 mi (315 km) south of Zihuatanejo, Guerrero.[64] The storm continued to gain strength the following day near the coast of southwestern Mexico, its sustained winds reaching 65 mph (100 km/h) that afternoon.[65] However, on the morning of June 15, Dalila began weakening,[66] and it became a remnant low late that day.[67]
In Guerrero, Dalila caused severe damage. A maximum total of 190 mm (7.48 in) of rain fell in Laguna de Coyuca.[68] A total of two homes, a causeway, and 38 restaurants and beach huts collapsed. Seventeen fallen trees and six landslides were reported.[69] At least five fishing boats sunk due to high waves.[70] A bridge collapsed near the Omitlan region, which halted transportation in and out of the area.[71] Storm drains overflowed,[72] flooding six neighborhoods.[73] In Coyuca de Benítez, 37 people relocated to a shelter.[74] Damage was reported in at least ten municipalities,[75] with most of the damage being localized in Acapulco.[76] There, eight businesses collapsed and several homes suffered flooding up to 20 cm (7.87 in). Commercial losses caused by the storm were estimated at Mex$750 million (US$39.4 million).[77][78][72] More than 50 families were affected by the storm.[79] In Chiapas, a maximum total of 155.3 mm (6.12 in) of rain fell in Tuxtla Gutiérrez.[80] The Texcuyuapan River overflowed, flooding at least 27 homes. In Tapachula, a man drowned after being sucked into a sewer near a wastewater treatment plant while helping unclog it.[81][82] A Nissan dealership was flooded, damaging several vehicles. A group of people in a pickup truck and two motorcyclists were forced to abandon their vehicles due to rising floodwaters.[83] In Michoacán, numerous tourist facilities were either damaged or destroyed.[84] Storm surge caused garbage to pile up on beaches. Several lemon and avocado farmers were badly affected by the flooding.[85] In Lázaro Cárdenas, schools and the yards of homes were flooded, forcing families to use barriers to prevent water from entering their homes.[86] In Colima, waves heights up to 6 m (19.7 ft) were reported.[87] In Manzanillo, a wind gust of 26 kt (48 km/h) was reported.[88] Damage was reported in two municipalities.[89] Eight homes and thirteen beach huts collapsed. At least 85 people were evacuated from flooded areas and a road collapse isolated a local community.[90][91] Losses throughout the state totaled to Mex$70,000 (US$4,000).[87] In Oaxaca, several neighborhoods were flooded and a portion of Mexican Federal Highway 200 was damaged.[92] In Querétaro, two municipalities sustained severe damage from the storm. The El Carmen Reservoir overflowed, flooding eight neighborhoods, damaging 71 homes, and sweeping four vehicles away. Numerous sinkholes opened up in backyards, forcing the evacuation of 33 people. Several storm drains overflowed and floodwaters exceeded 1 m (3.28 ft). A family needed to be rescued from floodwaters. Mex$30 million (US$1.61 million) were requested to assist those affected by the storm. Several business owners in the Matanzas community suffered losses due to power outages caused by the storm.[93][94][95][96]
Hurricane Erick
On June 14, a broad area of low pressure, associated with a tropical wave, formed off the Pacific coast of Costa Rica.[97] Showers and thunderstorms associated with the low became better organized over the next couple of days, and the NHC designated it Potential Tropical Cyclone Five‑E at 21:00 UTC on June 16.[98] The system soon acquired a well-defined circulation, developing into Tropical Depression Five‑E.[99] The depression then strengthened into Tropical Storm Erick the next morning.[100] The storm tracked northwestward through the day, while becoming increasingly better-organized. Deep convection expanded, and cloud tops cooled to about −120 °F (−85 °C) near the improving inner-core structure.[101] Erick rapidly intensified into a Category 1 hurricane[13] around 12:00 UTC on June 18, about 160 mi (255 km) south-southeast of Puerto Ángel, Oaxaca.[102] Rapid intensification continued, and with data collected from a Hurricane Hunter flight, the NHC upgraded Erick to category 2 strength a few hours later.[13] Then, after another Hurricane Hunter flight, the storm was upgraded once more, becoming a Category 3 major hurricane at 00:00 UTC on June 19.[103] Later, as Erick approached the coast of Mexico, the storm reached its peak intensity, with Category 4 sustained winds of 145 mph (230 km/h) and a minimum central pressure of 939 mb (27.73 inHg).[104][105] Then, shortly before 12:00 UTC, Erick made landfall in extreme western Oaxaca, about 20 mi (30 km) east of Punta Maldonado, Guerrero, with sustained winds of 125 mph (200 km/h).[106] Inland, the hurricane rapidly weakened as its inner core began to collapse.[14] Moving northwestward over rugged terrain, the inner core continued to deteriorate, and the system's overall convective pattern became quite ragged. Consequently, Erick weakened to tropical storm strength by 21:00 UTC.[107] Later that same day, the storm weakened to a tropical depression, and then dissipated.[108]
Losses totaled to at least US$275 million according to Gallagher Re.[109]
Hurricane Flossie
On June 23, a broad area of low pressure formed off the Pacific coast of Central America.[110] After several days within favorable environment, the shower and thunderstorm activity associated with the disturbance become much better organized on June 28, and Tropical Depression Six-E formed early the next morning, when the low developed a well-defined, closed low-level circulation with maximum winds around 30 mph (45 km/h).[111] Convection continued to become better organized, with curved banding to the north of the center a few hours later, marking the formation of Tropical Storm Flossie that same day.[112] Flossie steadily gained strength on June 30, amid a favorable environment of low wind shear and warm sea surface temperatures of about 84 to 86 °F (29 to 30 °C),[113] the storm attained hurricane strength late that day, about 175 mi (280 km) south of Manzanillo, Colima.[114] The system continued to rapidly intensify on July 1, becoming a Category 3 major hurricane by day's end.[115] The next morning, Flossie's eye became more ragged and the northern eyewall started to deteriorate, weakening the system to Category 2 strength.[116] Flossie's structure continued to degrade, and, early on July 3, it weakened to a tropical storm.[117] Then, having moved over colder sea surface temperatures southwest of Baja California Sur, the storm lost all convection,[118] and transitioned into a post-tropical low that afternoon.[119]
Flooding, fallen trees, land slides, and minor property damage was reported in Michoacán.[120][121] Similar damage was reported in the neighboring states of Guerrero, and Colima. In Manzanillo, Colima, a man drowned after being swept away by rough surf.[122][123]
Hurricane Iona
On July 24, a broad area of low pressure developed in the Eastern Pacific, far to the southeast of the Hawaiian Islands.[124] The disturbance moved into the Central Pacific the following day.[125] The low became better organized as it moved westward, and developed persistent deep convection on July 26. Consequently, the disturbance was designated Tropical Depression One-C early on July 27.[126] Later that day, the system strengthened into Tropical Storm Iona.[127] The storm quickly intensified amid favorable environmental conditions overnight, attaining hurricane strength early on July 28.[128] By late that day, Iona had developed a well-defined eye, surrounded by −94 to −112 °F (−70 to −80 °C) cloud tops, as it rapidly intensified to a Category 3 major hurricane by 09:00 UTC on July 29.[129] Having already strengthened by about 60 mph (95 km/h) in 24 hours, the system continued to rapidly intensify, with its sustained winds reaching 125 mph (205 km/h) several hours later. Though a powerful system, Iona's windfield remained compact, with hurricane- and tropical-storm-force winds only extending to around 25 mi (35 km) and 80 mi (130 km) from the center, respectively.[130] Later that day, Iona began to weaken, due to increasing westerly wind shear and cooler sea surface temperatures,[131] as it passed about 715 mi (1,150 km) south of Honolulu.[132] This trend continued, and by midday on July 30, the system had rapidly weakened to a tropical storm.[133] For the next couple of days, the storm moved generally west-northwestward while slowly weakening. Iona was downgraded to a tropical depression shortly before crossing the International Date Line on August 2.[134]
Tropical Storm Keli
On July 27, an area of low pressure developed well east-southeast of the Hawaiian Islands.[135] Quickly organizing into a cyclone, the low became Tropical Depression Two-C early on July 28, about 460 mi (740 km) east-northeast of Hurricane Iona. A compact system, the depression's cloud pattern extended only about 105 mi (165 km) across.[136] Later that day, the depression strengthened into Tropical Storm Keli.[137] Keli struggled to become better organized due to vertical wind shear and upper-level outflow from nearby Hurricane Iona as it tracked westward, steered by a mid-level ridge to its north.[138] Keli remained a minimal tropical storm through the morning of July 30, when its convection mostly collapsed and its low-level circulation opened into a trough on the northern side of Iona,[139] about 520 mi (835 km) south of Honolulu.[140]
Hurricane Gil
On July 28, a broad area of low pressure formed well off the coast of southwestern Mexico.[141] The disturbance become better organized the following day, and developed into Tropical Storm Gil early on July 31.[142] Afterward, Gil gained strength steadily, while moving quickly toward the west-northwest. Then, late on August 1, after overcoming an intrusion of dry air, the storm strengthened into a 75 mph (120 km/h) hurricane,[143] about 1,080 mi (1,740 km) west-southwest of the southern tip of the Baja California peninsula.[144] However, the system soon moved into cooler waters, causing it to weaken to a tropical storm by the following morning.[145] Later, after becoming devoid of deep convection due to the cool waters and a drier, more stable environment, Gil transitioned into a post-tropical cyclone early on August 3.[146]
Hurricane Henriette
On August 2, a broad area of low pressure formed well off the coast of southwestern Mexico.[147] The disturbance became better organized late the next day, and developed into Tropical Depression Eight‑E.[148] Then, on August 4, it strengthened more, and the depression was upgraded to Tropical Storm Henriette.[149] The system become slightly better organized later in the day as it tracked to the west-northwest, its sustained winds increased to 50 mph (85 km/h).[150] Henriette's strength changed little over the next couple of days, and it remained weak and ragged.[151] Moving westward over gradually cooling waters on August 6, the storm became nearly devoid of all deep convection and the low-level center became fully exposed.[152] At 09:00 UTC on August 8, Henriette crossed into the Central Pacific basin, about 975 mi (1,570 km) east of Hilo, Hawaii.[153] Later that day, Henriette briefly degenerated into a remnant low,[154] before regenerating into a tropical depression the following morning.[155]
Henriette then restrengthened into a tropical storm the same day.[156] The storm strengthened on August 10, despite the marginal water temperatures,[157] rapidly intensifying into a hurricane at 18:00 UTC that afternoon.[158] Henriette then went through an eyewall replacement early on August 11. GMI imagery that morning showed a ring of deep convection surrounding what remained of the previous eyewall.[159] Later that day, as the system passed about 585 mi (945 km) north of Honolulu, Hawaii, its winds increased to 85 mph (140 km/h).[160] On August 12, Henriette weakened to tropical storm strength as a result of cooler waters and moderate wind shear.[161] Later, as the storm moved northwestward amid increasingly hostile conditions, Henriette's low-level circulation became decoupled from the increasingly fragmented and shallow convection,[162] and it transitioned into a post-tropical cyclone early on August 13.[163]
Tropical Storm Ivo
On August 4, an area of low pressure producing disorganized showers and thunderstorms formed just offshore of Central America.[164] The disturbance become better organized during the following day,[165] and developed into Tropical Storm Ivo on the afternoon of August 6,[166] about 195 mi (310 km) south-southeast of Acapulco, Guerrero.[167] Over the next couple of days, Ivo steadily strengthened while moving parallel to the coast of southwestern Mexico.[168] The storm's tropical-storm-force winds, which extended only about 45 mi (75 km) out from the center, remained offshore.[169] Ivo turned westward on August 8, due to strong mid-level ridging entrenched to its north, and its maximum sustained winds increased to 65 mph (100 km/h).[170] The following day, moderate northeasterly shear and gradually cooling sea surface temperatures caused Ivo to weaken.[171] This trend continued, and on August 10, the storm weakened to a tropical depression.[172] By the end of the day, all convection associated with Ivo had dissipated, and the system degenerated into a remnant low early on August 11.[173]
In Oaxaca, flooding and landslides forced road closures.[174] In Acapulco, street flooding was reported and the port was closed to small boat traffic.[175] In Colima, Baja California Sur, Jalisco, and Nayarit, strong wind gusts, periods of heavy rain, and rough surf was reported.[176][177] In Tepic, Nayarit, up to 100 mm (3.94 in) of rainfall per hour was recorded on August 7.[178] Interaction of multiple weather systems, including inflow derived from Ivo, brought heavy rains to Sinaloa, where a record 118.7 mm (4.67 in) of rain fell in Mazatlán in 24 hours.[179] A total of 127 people were rescued from floodwaters. Ten sewage canals overflowed, 24 neighborhoods were flooded, and seven roads were closed.[180][181] A pedestrian bridge also collapsed.[182] The government allocated a total of Mex$1.074 million (US$58,000) to support 179 families with recovery efforts from the storm.[183] In Veracruz, an Atlantic basin tropical wave absorbed moisture aloft from Ivo, which compounded the rainfall there.[184]
Tropical Storm Juliette
On August 22, an area of low pressure associated with a tropical wave formed south of southwestern Mexico.[185] The disturbance gradually consolidated, developing a well-defined circulation on the afternoon of August 24, to become Tropical Depression Ten‑E.[186] The depression then organized into Tropical Storm Juliette early the following morning.[187] Juliette moved west-northwestward on August 25, along the southwest side of a mid-level ridge. The storm continued to strengthen, as an inner core began developing, and banding features increased south of the center.[188] Consequently, its sustained winds rose to 70 mph (110 km/h) the following morning, about 360 mi (580 km) west of Socorro Island.[189] This peak intensity was short-lived as Juliette's structure degraded slightly later that same day due to wind shear.[190] Further weakening occurred on August 27, as the storm moved over colder waters, then entered an area of drier air and increasing wind shear.[191] Due to these conditions Juliette became devoid of deep convection, and degenerated into a remnant low by early the following morning.[192]
The remnants of the system brought light rain to southern California.[193]
Hurricane Kiko
On August 26, an area of low pressure developed within a tropical wave south of the coast of southern Mexico.[194] The disturbance began showing some signs of organization a few days later, and organized into Tropical Depression Eleven‑E on the morning of August 31, about 1,000 mi (1,610 km) southwest of the southern tip of the Baja California peninsula.[195] Moving westward, the depression strengthened into Tropical Storm Kiko a short while later.[196] Kiko continued to become better organized throughout the following day, and on the morning of September 2, the system strengthened into a Category 1 hurricane.[197] Kiko then intensified into a Category 2 hurricane that afternoon.[198] Continuing along a westward track amid favorable conditions, Kiko rapidly intensified to a Category 4 hurricane on September 3.[199] The system attained maximum sustained winds of 145 mph (230 km/h) that afternoon, while about 1,560 mi (2,510 km) east-southeast of Hilo, Hawaii.[200] Kiko then weakened slightly overnight into the next morning.[201] Kiko's structure then degraded considerably over the course of several hours on September 4, due to nearby dry air, and the hurricane weakened to Category 3 strength.[202]
Early the next morning, Kiko turned to the west-northwest.[203] Kiko's eye then cleared out and cold cloud tops again more fully encircled the core, as the system re-intensified to Category 4,[204] attaining sustained winds of 140 mph (220 km/h) that same day, and took on some annular characteristics as it intensified.[205] Early on September 6, the system entered the Central Pacific basin.[206] During the day, the intensity of the storm fluctuated, first falling to Category 3,[207] then rebounding to Category 4,[208] then falling to Category 3 once again.[209] The next day, as Kiko moved into cooler waters, the eye became cloud-filled and the cloud tops began to gradually warm; as a result, the hurricane weakened to Category 2.[210] The hurricane's structure continued to degrade on September 8,[211] and by the late in the day it had rapidly weakened to a shallow tropical storm, titled by persistent southwesterly wind shear, thus nearly devoid of deep convection.[212] A burst of deep convection developed north of the storm's low-level center on the afternoon of September 9, but soon collapsed due to the hostile surrounding environment and Kiko degenerated into a post-tropical remnant low early the following morning north of the Hawaiian Islands.[213][214]
Isolated light rain, rip currents, and high surf were reported in parts of Hawaii.[215][216] Waves up to 8 ft (2.4 m) were reported along the southeastern shore of Oʻahu, resulting the rescue of at least 30 people.[217]
Hurricane Lorena
On September 1, shower and thunderstorm activity associated with a tropical wave close to the coast of southwestern Mexico started to become better organized.[218] The disturbance continued to become better organized, and was designated Tropical Depression Twelve‑E that evening.[219] Overnight, the organization of the system's small core improved, and it intensified into Tropical Storm Lorena the following morning.[220] This trend continued, and on the morning of September 3, Lorena intensified into a Category 1 hurricane.[221] Late that day, the system attained maximum sustained winds of 85 mph (140 km/h) about 210 mi (340 km) west of Cabo San Lucas, Baja California Sur.[222] By the following morning, however, the system had entered a less favorable environment of cooler waters and increasing windshear. As a result, it weakened to tropical storm strength.[223] Weakening continued, and the storm degenerated into a remnant low early on September 5, offshore of Baja California Sur.[224]
Persistent rains in Sonora resulted in small stream and coastal flooding.[225] Heavy rainfall resulting in flooding was also reported in Baja California Sur.[226] A total of 113 mm (4.45 in) of rain fell in San José del Cabo, Baja California Sur.[227] A man drowned in Tepic, Nayarit, as a result of urban flooding.[228] Despite the flooding, no significant damage was reported.[229]
Tropical Storm Mario
On September 8, a tropical wave entered the far eastern Pacific from Central America.[230] The disturbance began showing signs of organization on September 10, as it tracked just offshore of the coast of southern Mexico,[231] and was designated Tropical Depression Thirteen-E the following afternoon.[232] As the depression tracked west-northwestward on the morning of September 12, it strengthened into Tropical Storm Mario about 25 mi (35 km) off the coast of Guerrero.[233] Later that day, a large low-pressure area began developing to the south of Mario, which caused Mario to weaken into a tropical depression.[234] Weakening continued throughout the night, and Mario degenerated into a remnant low early on September 13.[235] The remnants of Mario continued to produce disorganized convection as it moved slowly westward through the day.[236] Convection organized and deepened, and by the next morning, a well-defined circulation had reformed. As a result, Mario redeveloped as a tropical storm just southeast of Socorro Island.[237] During the afternoon of September 15, the storm tracked northwestward, moving between a mid-level ridge over northern Mexico and a mid-level low to its northwest, and attained sustained winds of 65 mph (100 km/h).[238] Later that day, however, a weakening trend began as Mario moved into cooler waters.[239] The storm weakened into a tropical depression on the afternoon of September 16, about 495 mi (800 km) west of the southern point of the Baja California peninsula,[240] and later degenerated into a remnant low.[241]
Flooding was reported in Acapulco.[242] The outer rain bands from the system also triggered heavy flash flooding in Baja California Sur. Several homes, vehicles, and roads were damaged by floodwaters.[243] At least 50 families were affected by flooding.[244] In San Ignacio, a 37-year-old man was electrocuted during the passage of the storm.[245] The remnants of Mario prompted flood and flash flood warnings throughout Central and Southern California. Thunderstorms were also reported, with over nine thousand lightning strikes recorded.[246][247] At least 7,000 people lost power during the storm.[248] In Barstow, floodwaters swept away a vehicle, killing a toddler.[249] Across California, heavy rain triggered numerous landslides, leaving several vehicles stranded.[250] Caltrans launched a $9.7 million project to repair the damage caused by Mario on California State Route 38.[251] At Death Valley National Park, several roads were closed and there was severe flooding in the park, with a quarter of the park's annual precipitation falling during the storm.[252][253] Rainfall at Harry Reid International Airport in Las Vegas reached .24 inches (6.1 mm), the wettest day at the airport since May 6.[254][255]
Hurricane Narda
On September 18, a trough of low pressure spawned an area of disorganized showers and thunderstorms off the coast southern Mexico.[256] The low organized throughout the next few days and became Tropical Storm Narda on the afternoon of September 21,[257] about 240 mi (390 km) south-southeast of Zihuatanejo, Guerrero.[258] The storm experienced moderate wind shear early on,[259] but gradually gained strength throughout the following day, turning due west late that day, steered by a strengthening subtropical ridge rearby. Deep convection amidst cloud tops colder than −110 °F (−80 °C) over the low-level center was observed, along with the beginnings of an inner-core structure.[260] On September 23, Narda strengthened into a Category 1 hurricane.[261] Strengthening continued into the next day, when the storm attained Category 2 sustained winds of 105 mph (165 km/h),[262] before weakening to the high-end of Category 1 late that same day.[263] There was little change in Narda's structure or overall strength over the next few days as it moved west-northwestward over the open ocean.[264] It moved into increasingly cooler waters on September 27, where it encountered a drier environment, and weakened into a tropical storm.[265] That trend continued, and Narda degenerated into a remnant low late the next day.[266]
Hurricane Octave
On September 28, an area of low pressure associated with a tropical wave well offshore of southwest Mexico started to become better organized.[267] The disturbance became Tropical Depression Fifteen-E early on the morning of September 30,[268] then soon strengthened, becoming Tropical Storm Octave.[269] As Octave moved north-northwestward the following day, it continued strengthening due to a slight decrease in vertical wind shear, with its winds reaching 65 mph (100 km/h).[270] However, after it made a slight turn to the west-northwest,[271] significant amounts of wind shear once again affected the storm, and it weakened slightly on October 2.[272] Weakening continued into the morning of October 3 as Octave's low-level center became exposed.[273] The wind shear began relaxing that night,[274] permitting Octave to begin restrengthening. The storm turned northwestward the following day.[275] On October 5, the storm turned to the north; then, while drifting slowly northeastward, Octave strengthened into a Category 1 hurricane.[276] After attaining sustained winds of 85 mph (140 km/h) later that day,[277] Octave weakened back to tropical storm early on October 6.[278] Octave generated sporadic bursts of deep convection over the next few days, while battling persistent strong wind shear as it moved east-northeastward, bringing it south of Hurricane Priscilla, and near a developing tropical cyclone (Tropical Storm Raymond).[279] Octave succumbed to the hostile environment early on October 9, degenerating into a remnant low.[280]
Hurricane Priscilla
On October 1, an area of low pressure formed offshore of southwest Mexico.[281] The disturbance showed increasing signs of organization over the following couple of days,[282] and developed into Tropical Storm Priscilla on the afternoon of October 4.[283] Priscilla gradually strengthened throughout the remainder of that day while drifting roughly north-northwestward due largely to light steering currents.[284] Priscilla became a Category 1 hurricane on October 5,[285] then reached Category 2 strength on October 7,[286] attaining sustained winds of 110 mph (175 km/h), while tracking slowly to the northwest, about 215 mi (345 km) south of the southern tip of the Baja California peninsula.[287] Later that same day, Priscilla began to weaken due to upwelling of cool water.[288] The system weakened to tropical storm strength on October 8, as it moved into an increasingly dry environment, and surrounding water tempretures decreased sharply.[289] The storm generated sporadic deep convection over the next couple days, before degenerating into a remnant low on October 10.[290]
In Baja California Sur, Jalisco, and Nayarit, flooded roads, fallen trees, power outages, and stranded vehicles were reported. In Puerto Vallarta, sixteen businesses were flooded and two small boats capsized. However, overall damage was minor.[291] Remnant moisture caused heavy rain in the Southwestern United States.[292] Las Vegas recorded their fourth wettest October day on record on October 10, with 0.92 in (23 mm) of rain falling.[293] Additionally, Phoenix recorded 1.97 in (50 mm) of rain on October 12, their fourth wettest October day on record.[294][295] Flooding in Mesa, Arizona, forced portions of US 60 to close.[296] Arizona Fall League games scheduled for October 12 were cancelled due to the tropical storm.[297] At least two vehicles were swept away due to flooding in New Mexico.[298] Further north, over 2 in (51 mm) of rain flooded Grand Junction, Colorado, also setting daily rainfall records.[299] Flooding in La Plata County resulted in over 390 homes being evacuated.[300] In Utah, four hikers in Big Cottonwood Canyon were injured, and rainfall in the state peaked at 5.15 in (131 mm) in New Harmony. Snowfall was also reported in the Wasatch Range, in the western part of the state.[301][302]
Tropical Storm Raymond
On October 6, a broad area of low pressure formed off the coast of Guatemala.[303] On the morning of October 9, the low gained some organization, and was designated Tropical Depression Seventeen-E by the NHC.[304] The system organized further later that day, becoming Tropical Storm Raymond.[305] Raymond tracked to the west-northwest, remaining just off the coast of southwestern Mexico, and battling strong easterly wind shear, factors that hindered the storm's potential to strengthen.[306] Raymond attained peak winds of 60 mph (95 km/h) early on October 10, about 120 mi (195 km) west of Zihuatanejo, Guerrero.[307] The next day, dry air and wind shear caused Raymond to weaken into a tropical depression,[308] then degenerate into a remnant low off the coast of the Baja California peninsula.[309]
In Oaxaca, flooding and mudslides were reported. At least three people were killed, and two others were injured.[310][311] In Guerrero, at least 50 homes were flooded.[312] In Zihuatanejo, a total of 151 mm (5.94 in) of rain fell.[313] In Puerto Vallarta, at least 700 homes and 85 businesses were flooded.[314] There, one person was found dead after the passage of the storm.[315] A man was injured after being electrocuted.[316] In Sonora, the remnants of Raymond triggered flooding, sweeping five vehicles away.[317] Additionally, moisture from Raymond's remnants, combined with remnant moisture from Hurricane Priscilla, caused flash flooding across central and southeastern Mexico that caused at least 64 fatalities.[318] Additionally, Raymond brought moderate rainfall to New Mexico, peaking at 0.95 in (24 mm) in Grants.[319]
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Storm names
The following list of names is being used for named storms that form in the North Pacific Ocean east of 140°W during 2025.[320] This is the same list used in the 2019 season.
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For storms that form in the North Pacific from 140°W to the International Date Line, the names come from a series of four rotating lists. Names are used one after the other without regard to year, and when the bottom of one list is reached, the next named storm receives the name at the top of the next list.[320] Two named storms, listed below, have formed within the area in 2025. Named storms in the table above that cross into the area during the season are noted (*).
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The name Iona was used for the first time this season, replacing Iwa, which was retired after the 1982 season.[321]
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Season effects
Summarize
Perspective
This is a table of all of the storms that have formed in the 2025 Pacific hurricane season. It includes their duration, names, intensities, areas affected, damages, and death totals. Deaths in parentheses are additional and indirect (an example of an indirect death would be a traffic accident), but were still related to that storm. Damage and deaths include totals while the storm was extratropical, a wave, or a low, and all of the damage figures are in 2025 USD.
| Saffir–Simpson scale | ||||||
| TD | TS | C1 | C2 | C3 | C4 | C5 |
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See also
- Weather of 2025
- 2025 Mexico floods and landslides
- Tropical cyclones in 2025
- 2025 Atlantic hurricane season
- 2025 Pacific typhoon season
- 2025 North Indian Ocean cyclone season
- South-West Indian Ocean cyclone seasons: 2024–25, 2025–26
- Australian region cyclone seasons: 2024–25, 2025–26
- South Pacific cyclone seasons: 2024–25, 2025–26
References
External links
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