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The Conservative Party won, securing 365 seats out of 650, giving them an overall majority of 80 seats in the House of Commons. They gained seats in several Labour Party strongholds in Northern England that had been held by the party for decades and which had formed the red wall; for instance, the constituency of Bishop Auckland, which elected a Conservative MP for the first time in its 134-year history. This marked a fourth consecutive general election defeat for the Labour Party. In the worst result for the party in 84 years,^[292] despite a better vote share than other losses as in 1931, 1983, 1987, and 2010, Labour won 202 seats, which was the lowest number since 1935 and a loss of 60 compared to the previous election.^[293]^[294]

The Liberal Democrats won 11 seats, down 1, despite significantly increasing their share of the popular vote. Ed Davey, former Cameron–Clegg coalition cabinet minister and MP for Kingston and Surbiton, was the winner of the 2020 Liberal Democrats leadership election. This came after Jo Swinson lost her seat to Amy Callaghan of the SNP by 150 votes and was disqualified from continuing as leader of the party. Swinson also became the first party leader to lose their seat since Liberal Party leader Archibald Sinclair in 1945.^[295]

While the Conservatives gained support in England and Wales, they lost support in Scotland in the face of a major SNP advance. The Conservatives won in England, advancing by 1.7% and gaining 48 seats to win 345 out of 533, while Labour fell back by 8% and lost 47 seats to win just 180.^[296] Labour won in Wales but lost 8% of its 2017 vote share and six seats, retaining 22 out of 40, while the Conservatives advanced by 2.5% and gained six seats, winning 14 in total.^[297]

The SNP advanced by 8.1% and gained 13 seats to win 48 out of 59, gaining several seats from the Conservatives and Labour. The Conservatives lost 3.5% of their 2017 vote share and half their seats, while Labour was reduced to one Scottish seat, Edinburgh South. This is the same Scottish seat that returned Ian Murray in the 2015–17 Parliament as the country's sole Labour MP.^[298] Among the Labour MPs who lost their seats in Scotland was Lesley Laird, deputy leader of Scottish Labour and Shadow Secretary of State for Scotland.^[299] In Northern Ireland, nationalist political parties won more seats than unionist ones for the first time. Nigel Dodds, the DUP's leader in Westminster, lost his seat in Belfast North.^[300]

Analysis

The results have been attributed to Leave-supporting areas backing the Conservatives, the Conservatives broadening their appeal to working-class voters, and the Conservatives making gains in the Midlands and the north of England.^[301] Most notable was the red wall turning blue in the election, which greatly contributed to the Conservative majority. In exit polls conducted by Opinium, 43% of voters who did not vote for the Labour Party cited 'the leadership' as their reason.^[302] Among those who did not vote for the Conservative Party, the cited reason was equally split between 'their stance on Brexit' and 'the leadership', with both at 26%. Several commentators stated that the party's loss was due to a complicated manifesto and Brexit policy, a poor approach to campaigning, and the unpopularity of Corbyn's leadership.^[303]^[304]^[305]

A YouGov post-election survey determined that the age over which voters were more likely to opt for the Conservatives than for Labour was 39, down from 47 in the 2017 election. In contrast to previous elections, the YouGov survey additionally found that a plurality of voters in the DE's NRS social grade — comprising the unemployed, state pensioners, and semi-skilled and unskilled workers — had opted for the Conservatives over Labour.^[306] This change reflects the collapse of the 'Red Wall' which has a plurality of people in the DE classification according to the ONS.^[307]

Between 26% and 33% of voters engaged in tactical voting, as they said that they were trying to prevent a victory by the party they liked least.^[308]^[309] Recommendation by tactical voting websites had some benefit for Liberal Democrat candidates.^[310] The new Parliament reportedly had the highest number of openly LGBT MPs in the world, with 20 Conservative MPs, 15 Labour MPs, and 10 SNP MPs who identify as LGBT. For the first time in both cases, the majority of elected Labour and Liberal Democrat MPs were female. The election also returned a record number of Black, Asian and Minority Ethnic (BAME) MPs, with 65 MPs (10%) describing themselves as BAME. ^[311]^[312]

In a post-election review featuring Labour MPs, trade union officials and activists one of several reasons attributed to the electoral defeat was due to the declining popularity of Jeremy Corbyn in relation to the Brexit position and allegations of party antisemitism. The review projected that Labour would have retained 38% of the vote had Corbyn's popularity levels retained at its peak level in 2017.^[313]^[314]

Summary

A summarised results of the parties that won seats at the election is shown below.

More information Party, Leader ...


Party		Leader	MPs		Votes
Party		Leader		Of total		Of total
	Conservative Party	Boris Johnson	365	56.2%	13,966,454	43.6%
	Labour Party	Jeremy Corbyn	202	31.1%	10,269,051	32.1%
	Scottish National Party	Nicola Sturgeon	48^{[n 4]}	7.4%	1,242,380	3.9%
	Liberal Democrats	Jo Swinson	11	1.7%	3,696,419	11.6%
	Democratic Unionist Party	Arlene Foster	8	1.2%	244,128	0.8%
	Sinn Féin	Mary Lou McDonald	7	1.1%	181,853	0.6%
	Plaid Cymru	Adam Price	4	0.6%	153,265	0.5%
	Social Democratic and Labour Party	Colum Eastwood	2	0.3%	118,737	0.4%
	Green Party of England and Wales	Jonathan Bartley Siân Berry	1	0.2%	835,597	2.61%
	Alliance Party of Northern Ireland	Naomi Long	1	0.2%	134,115	0.4%
	Speaker	Lindsay Hoyle	1	0.2%	26,831	0.1%

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Full results

More information Political party, Leader ...

e • d
Results of the December 2019 general election to the House of Commons of the United Kingdom^[315]^[316]
Political party		Leader	Candidates	MPs^[317]					Votes
Political party		Leader	Candidates	Total	Gained	Lost	Net	Of total (%)	Total	Of total (%)	Change (%)
	Conservative	Boris Johnson	635	365	58	10	48	56.2	13,966,454	43.63	+1.2
	Labour	Jeremy Corbyn	631	202	1	61	60	31.1	10,269,051	32.08	−7.9
	Liberal Democrats	Jo Swinson	611	11	3	4	1	1.7	3,696,419	11.55	+4.2
	Scottish National Party	Nicola Sturgeon	59	48	14	1	13	7.4	1,242,380	3.88	+0.8
	Green Party of England and Wales	Siân Berry and Jonathan Bartley	472	1	0	0	0	0.2	835,597	2.61	+1.1
	Brexit Party	Nigel Farage	275						644,257	2.01
	DUP	Arlene Foster	17	8	0	2	2	1.2	244,128	0.76	−0.1
	Sinn Féin	Mary Lou McDonald	15	7	1	1	0	1.1	181,853	0.57	−0.2
	Plaid Cymru	Adam Price	36	4	0	0	0	0.6	153,265	0.48	0.0
	Alliance	Naomi Long	18	1	1	0	1	0.2	134,115	0.42	+0.2
	SDLP	Colum Eastwood	15	2	2	0	2	0.3	118,737	0.37	+0.1
	UUP	Steve Aiken	16						93,123	0.29	0.0
	Yorkshire	Christopher Whitwood	28						29,201	0.09	0.0
	Scottish Greens	Patrick Harvie & Lorna Slater	22						28,122	0.09
	Speaker	Lindsay Hoyle	1	1	1	1	0	0.2	26,831	0.08	0.0
	UKIP	Patricia Mountain (interim)	44						22,817	0.07	−1.8
	Ashfield Ind.	Jason Zadrozny	1						13,498	0.04	0.0
	Liberal	Steve Radford	19						10,876	0.03	0.0
	The Independent Group for Change	Anna Soubry	3						10,006	0.03
	Aontú	Peadar Tóibín	7						9,814	0.03
	Monster Raving Loony	Howling Laud Hope	24						9,739	0.03	0.0
	People Before Profit	Collective	2						7,526	0.02
	Birkenhead Social Justice	Frank Field	1						7,285	0.02
	CPA	Sidney Cordle	29						6,486	0.02	0.0
	Heavy Woollen Independents	Aleksandar Lukic	1						6,432	0.02
	SDP	William Clouston	20						3,295	0.01	0.0
	Animal Welfare	Vanessa Hudson	6						3,086	0.01	0.0
	North East	Mark Burdon	2						2,637	0.01
	Lincolnshire Independent	Marianne Overton	1						1,999	0.01
	Green Party Northern Ireland	Clare Bailey	3						1,996	0.01
	English Democrat	Robin Tilbrook	5						1,987	0.01	0.0
	Libertarian	Adam Brown	6						1,780	0.01	0.0
	Mebyon Kernow	Dick Cole	1						1,660	0.01	0.0
	Proud of Oldham and Saddleworth	Paul Errock	2						1,606	0.01
	Independent Network	Ian Stephens	1						1,542	0.0
	Gwlad	Gwyn Wigley Evans	3						1,515	0.00
	Cynon Valley	Andrew Chainey	1						1,322	0.00
	VPP	Robin Horsfall	2						1,219	0.00
	Burnley and Padiham Party	Mark Payne	1						1,162	0.00
	Shropshire Party	Robert Jones	1						1,141	0.00
	Putting Cumbria First	Jonathan Davies	1						1,070	0.00
	Peace	John Morris	2						960	0.00
	Wycombe Independents	Matt Knight	1						926	0.00
	JAC	Donald Jerrard	3						728	0.00
	Christian	Jeff Green	2						705	0.00	0.0
	Renew	Julie Girling	4						545	0.00	0.0
	Workers Revolutionary	Joshua Ogunleye	5						524	0.00	0.0
	BNP	Adam Walker	1						510	0.00	0.0
Parties with fewer than 500 votes each			40						5,697	0.02
Independent (non-party) candidates			224			1	1		206,486	0.64
Blank and invalid votes									117,919	—	—
Total			3320	650			0	100	32,014,110^[318]	100	0.0
Registered voters, and turnout									47,587,254	67.52	−1.3

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In total, the Green Party of England and Wales, Scottish Greens, and Green Party Northern Ireland received 865,715 votes (2.70%). This may be unclear from the table and sources which cite the total of the Greens in the whole of the United Kingdom rather than by region.

More information Vote share ...

Vote share

Conservative			43.6%
Labour			32.2%
Liberal Democrat			11.6%
Scottish National			3.9%
Green			2.7%
Brexit Party			2.0%
Democratic Unionist			0.8%
Sinn Féin			0.6%
Plaid Cymru			0.5%
SDLP			0.4%
Others			1.4%

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More information Vote share of seats contested ...

Vote share of seats contested

Scottish National			45.5%
Conservative			44.9%
Labour			33.0%
Democratic Unionist			32.6%
Sinn Féin			27.2%
SDLP			17.8%
Liberal Democrat			12.3%
Plaid Cymru			11.2%
Brexit Party			5.1%
Green			3.4%

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More information Parliamentary seats ...

Parliamentary seats

Conservative			56.2%
Labour			31.1%
Scottish National			7.4%
Liberal Democrat			1.7%
Democratic Unionist			1.2%
Sinn Féin			1.1%
Plaid Cymru			0.6%
SDLP			0.3%
Green			0.2%
Alliance			0.2%
Speaker			0.2%

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More information Parliamentary seats out of total contested ...

Parliamentary seats out of total contested

Scottish National			81.4%
Conservative			57.5%
Democratic Unionist			47.1%
Sinn Féin			46.7%
Labour			32.0%
SDLP			13.3%
Plaid Cymru			11.1%
Alliance			5.6%
Liberal Democrat			1.8%
Green			0.2%

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Voter demographics

Ipsos MORI

Below is listed Ipsos MORI's demographic breakdown.

More information The 2019 UK general election vote in Great Britain, Social group ...

The 2019 UK general election vote in Great Britain^[319]
Social group	% Con	% Lab	% Lib Dem	% Others	% Lead
Social group				% Others	% Lead
Total vote	45	33	12	10	12
Gender
Male	46	31	12	11	15
Female	43	34	12	11	9
Age
18–24	19	62	9	10	43
25–34	27	51	11	11	24
35–44	36	39	13	12	3
45–54	46	28	14	12	18
55–64	49	27	11	13	22
65+	64	17	11	8	47
Men by age
18–24	22	59	10	9	37
25–34	31	48	10	11	17
35–54	45	30	14	11	15
55+	58	21	11	10	37
Women by age
18–24	17	64	9	10	47
25–34	23	54	12	11	31
35–54	37	36	14	13	1
55+	59	21	12	8	38
Social class
AB	45	30	16	9	15
C1	45	32	12	11	13
C2	47	32	9	12	15
DE	41	39	9	11	2
Men by social class
AB	47	29	15	9	18
C1	47	31	12	10	16
C2	48	30	8	14	18
DE	43	37	8	12	6
Women by social class
AB	43	31	17	10	11
C1	44	33	13	10	11
C2	46	33	9	12	13
DE	39	40	9	12	1
Housing tenure
Owned	57	22	12	9	35
Mortgage	43	33	14	10	10
Social renter	33	45	7	15	12
Private renter	31	46	11	12	15
Ethnic group
White	48	29	12	11	19
BME	20	64	12	4	44
Qualifications
No qualifications	59	23	7	11	36
Other qualifications	47	33	10	10	14
Degree or higher	34	39	17	10	5
EU referendum vote
Remain	20	48	21	11	28
Leave	73	15	3	9	58
Did not vote	26	52	10	12	26
2017 general election vote
Conservative	88	3	6	3	85
Labour	8	80	8	4	72
Lib Dem	11	19	63	7	44
Did not vote	33	46	9	12	13
Aged 18–34 by social class
AB	26	52	13	9	26
C1	24	55	10	11	31
C2	27	51	9	13	24
DE	18	63	8	11	45
Aged 35–54 by social class
AB	42	29	20	9	13
C1	44	32	13	11	12
C2	44	31	10	15	13
DE	35	42	9	14	7
Aged 55+ by social class
AB	60	17	14	9	43
C1	59	20	13	8	39
C2	61	21	8	10	40
DE	53	26	9	12	27

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YouGov

Below is listed YouGov's demographic breakdown.

More information Social group, Con % ...

2019 UK general election vote in Great Britain (demographic breakdown)^[320]
Social group	Con %	Lab %	Lib Dem %	SNP %	Green %	Brexit %	Others %	Lead %
Social group							Others %	Lead %
Total vote	44	32	12	4	3	2	3	12
Gender
Male	46	31	12	4	3	2	2	15
Female	44	35	11	4	3	2	1	9
Age
18–24	21	56	11	6	4	1	1	35
25–29	23	54	12	4	4	1	1	31
30–39	30	46	14	5	3	1	2	16
40–49	41	35	13	5	3	2	2	6
50–59	49	28	12	4	3	3	2	21
60–69	57	22	11	3	2	3	2	35
70+	67	14	11	2	2	2	2	53
Men by age
18–24	28	46	12	7	4	2	2	18
25–49	35	40	14	5	3	2	2	15
50–64	51	28	12	3	3	4	3	23
65+	64	15	11	3	1	4	2	49
Women by age
18–24	15	65	10	5	4	–	1	50
25–49	32	45	12	5	3	1	1	13
50–64	50	28	12	4	3	2	1	22
65+	64	18	10	2	2	2	2	46
Social class
AB	42	32	16	4	3	1	1	10
C1	43	34	12	4	3	2	2	9
C2	49	31	9	4	3	3	1	18
DE	47	34	8	4	2	3	1	13
Highest educational level
GCSE or lower	58	25	11	4	2	3	1	33
Medium	48	31	11	4	3	2	2	17
High (degree or above)	29	43	17	4	4	1	2	14
Household earnings
Less than £20,000	45	34	9	5	3	3	4	11
£20,000–39,999	47	31	11	4	2	2	3	16
£40,000–69,999	43	35	13	4	3	1	1	8
Greater than £70,000	40	31	20	4	3	1	1	9

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