S-350 missile system

The S-350 Vityaz (Russian: C-350 Витязь) is a Russian medium-range surface-to-air missile system developed by GSKB Almaz-Antey. Its purpose is to replace the S-300PS.^[3] The system design traces its roots from the joint South Korean-Russian KM-SAM project and uses the same 9M96 missile as the S-400 missile system.

S-350 Vityaz
50P6E transporter erector launcher
Type	medium-range SAM system
Place of origin	Russia
Service history
In service	Since 2019[1]
Used by	Russia, Algeria
Wars	Syrian civil war Russo-Ukrainian War Russian invasion of Ukraine[2]
Production history
Designer	Almaz-Antey: GSKB Almaz-Antey (lead designer) MKB Fakel (missile designer) Agency for Defense Development
Manufacturer	Northwest Regional Center of Almaz-Antey (GOZ, ZRTO)
Produced	2020
Specifications
Operational range	1.5 - 120 km (against aircraft) 1.5 – 30 km (against ballistic missiles)

Development

The first studies that would eventually become the S-350 started in 1999. Development began in earnest only in 2007. Almaz-Antey was able to leverage the experience gained while working on the joint development of the KM-SAM with South Korea. Around 2011, development slowed down, probably due to failed missile tests. The S-350 was unveiled in 2013, and presented at that year's MAKS airshow. Initial plans called for the system's test phase to end in the autumn of 2013, and for the delivery of around 30 systems by 2020. However, the first deliveries of the S-350 only took place in 2019,^[3] and it only entered service in February 2020.^[4]

Design

The S-350 Vityaz air defense system consists of several vehicles:

• 1–2 50N6A multifunctional passively electronically scanned array radar stations.^[5] 360° coverage for early detection, target illumination and missile guidance.^[6]
• 1 50K6A command post, fully autonomous combat work with interaction with other remote systems.^[7]
• 4–8 50P6 launchers^[3] (12–9M96 missiles).
  • 9M96/9M96E(E2) guided missiles; passive guidance and other missiles with active homing guidance.^[7] 12–120 km (7.5–74.6 mi) range, aerodynamic control surfaces and thrust vectoring.
  • 9M100 guided missiles; 10–15 km (6.2–9.3 mi) range; infrared passive homing; aerodynamic control surfaces and thrust vectoring; maximum maneuver 60 G-20 surfaces. 9M100 can be quad packed in the naval version.^[8]

Basic performance characteristics of the S-350:^[9][10]

• Maximum number of simultaneously engaged targets:
  • Aerodynamic – 16
  • Ballistic – 12
• Maximum number of simultaneously induced missiles – 32
• Affected area for aerodynamic targets:
  • Range – 1.5–120 km (0.93–74.56 mi)
  • Height – 10 m-30 km (98,000 ft)
• Affected area of ballistic targets:
  • Range – 1.5–30 km (0.93–18.64 mi)
  • Height – 2–25 km (6,600–82,000 ft)
• Deployment time – 5 minutes

All vehicles are based on a Bryansky Avtomobilny Zavod chassis (BAZ-6909 & BAZ-69092). The naval version with 9M96E guided missile which passed state tests in 2018 is the Redut.^[11][12]

The export variant of the Redut was named Resurs (Resource).

Missiles

[13][3]	9M96E2	9M96E	9M100
Minimum range	1 km	1 km	_
Maximum range	120 km	40 km	10–15 km
Minimum altitude	5 m	5 m	_
Maximum altitude	30 km (98,000 ft)	20 km (66,000 ft)	8 km (26,000 ft)
Speed	1800 m/s	_	1000 m/s
Weight	420 kg (930 lb)	333 kg (734 lb)	140 kg (310 lb)
Length	5.65 m (18.5 ft)	4.75 m (15.6 ft)	2.5 m (8.2 ft)
Diameter	240 mm (9.4 in)	240 mm (9.4 in)	125 mm (4.9 in)
Warhead weight	24 kg (53 lb)	24 kg (53 lb)	14.5 kg (32 lb)

Deployment

In September 2017, the S-350 missile system was reportedly deployed in the town of Masyaf in Hama province, Syria, delivered from Russia via the Tartus port.^{[14][better source needed]}

The first launches, made on March 26, 2019, were positive and the air defense missile system successfully passed state tests.^[15]

In late December 2019, at Kapustin Yar, the S-350 was officially handed over to the Russian Ministry of Defence. The handover involved tracking of aerodynamic targets.^[16]

In February 2020, the S-350 Vityaz was officially commissioned into the service of the old Russian Aerospace Defence Forces now merged in to the new Russian Aerospace Forces as the new missile system had been delivered to Zhukov Air and Space Defense Academy to train crews for the equipment.^[17]

The Almaz-Antey Group and the Defense Ministry of Russia signed contracts for the delivery of four sets of S-350 "Vityaz" and three regiments of S-400 "Triumf" in June 2020.^[18] Deliveries started in 2021.^[19][20]

The S-350 is used in the Russian invasion of Ukraine.^[21]

Ship classes that use the Redut Naval Air Defense System

• Steregushchiy-class corvette^[22]
• Gremyashchiy-class corvette^[22]
• Project 20386 corvette^[23]
• Admiral Gorshkov-class frigate^[24]

Operators

 Russia

• Russian Aerospace Forces^[25]

 Algeria

Gallery

• 
  50K6E command post
• 
  50N6E multifunctional radar

See also

• Pantsir missile system – (Russia)
• 42S6 Morfey – (Russia)
• S-300 missile system – (Soviet Union, Russia)
• S-300VM missile system – (Russia)
• S-400 missile system – (Soviet Union, Russia)
• S-500 missile system – (Russia)
• KM-SAM – (South Korea)
• Barak 8 – (India, Israel)
• MIM-104 Patriot – (United States)