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Vyzhnytsia
City in Chernivtsi Oblast, Ukraine From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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Vyzhnytsia (/ˈvɪʒnɪts(j)ə/; Ukrainian: Вижниця, IPA: [ˈwɪʒnɪtsʲɐ] ⓘ; German: Wischnitz; Polish: Wyżnica; Romanian: Vijnița; Russian: Вижница, romanized: Vizhnitsa; Yiddish: וויזשניץ, romanized: Vizhnitz) is a small city located in the historical region of Bukovina, on the Cheremosh River in Chernivtsi Oblast of western Ukraine. It is the administrative center of Vyzhnytsia Raion. Vyzhnytsia hosts the administration of Vyzhnytsia urban hromada, one of the hromadas of Ukraine.[1] Population: 3,803 (2022 estimate).[2]
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History
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While the city was probably mentioned as early as 1158, the first unequivocal mention comes in 1501 in a Moldavian chronicle. From 1514 to 1574 the area was occupied by the Turks, after which it belonged to the Principality of Moldova until 1774. From 1774 to 1918 it was part of the Austrian Empire (from 1849 part of the crown land of Bukovina).
In 1918, the city and surrounding region came under Romanian rule, as part of the Union of Bukovina with Romania, placed under the jurisdiction of Storojineț County. King Carol II's administrative reforms of 1938 would shift boundaries again, placing the city within the newly-created Ținutul Suceava region.
As a result of the Molotov-Ribbentrop Pact, the Soviet Union annexed Northern Bukovina in 1940, and with it, the city of Vyzhnytsia. The occupation was short-lived; as part of the Axis invasion of the Soviet Union, Romanian forces retook the region in July 1941.
Part of Soviet Ukraine
Vyzhnytsa has been a city since 1940.[3] The Bukovina region was taken by Soviet forces in 1944 and became a part of Soviet Ukraine.
A local newspaper has been published in the city since February 1945.[4]
In the late 1960s and early 1970s, Vyzhnytsa was the center of a flourishing Ukrainian-language music scene that was renowned all over the Soviet Union. The local house of culture was renowned for its parties with illegal Western pop music and attracted young people from as far as Chernivtsi.[5] Volodymyr Ivasyuk was named as a regular visitor of these parties. There, he befriended musician Levko Dutkivskiy.[6] Dutkivskiy from there on founded VIA Smerichka, with later Nazariy Yaremchuk and Vasyl Zinkevych as lead singers. Smerichka became one of Ukraine's most famous groups at the time, performing at Pesnya goda twice and winning Allo, my ishchem talanty! (Hello, we are looking for talents!) in 1972, one of the first Soviet television talent shows.[7]
In 2011 a security checkpoint "Vyzhnytsia" was built here.[8]
In January 2013 the population was 4207 people.[9]
Part of modern Ukraine
Jewish history of the town
In Judaism, the town is known as having been the original center of the Hassidic sect bearing its Yiddish name (וויזשניץ Vizhnitz). The town's Jewish community was decimated in the Holocaust, with most either being killed on the spot or deported to Transnistria, where deportees were left to die in crude facilities. Most survivors did not return, but the flourishing Vizhnitz Hassidic community in Israel and the United States continues to keep the name.
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Transport
- a railway station[3] of the Lviv Railways.
Notable people
- Josef Burg, writer
- Gerard Ciołek, architect
- Menachem Mendel Hager, first Vizhnitser Rebbe
- Nazariy Yaremchuk, singer
- Otto Preminger, director
- Dol Dauber, musician
- Meir Just, Dutch rabbi
Gallery
Saint Michael's Church
Saints Peter and Paul Catholic Church
Saint Demetrius Church
Holy Trinity Church
City Hall
Old city of Vyzhnytsia
Children's art house
Vyzhnytsia cinema
Nearby towns
References
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