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Yergason's test
Orthopedic examination test From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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Yergason's test is a special test used for orthopedic examination of the shoulder and upper arm region, specifically the biceps tendon.[1]
Purpose
It identifies the presence of a pathology involving the biceps tendon or glenoid labrum. The specific positive findings to the test include pain in the bicipital groove indicating biceps tendinitis,[2][3] subluxation of the long head of the biceps brachii muscle,[3] and presence of a SLAP tear.[4]
Procedure
Palpating the biceps tendon as it passes through the bicipital groove to identify any lesions, abnormal bumps, or abnormal movement (i.e. biceps tendon) in the involved area.[4]
Mechanism
To perform the test, the examiner must stand on the affected side of the patient. The patient needs to be in a seated position with the elbow flexed to 90°, forearm pronated (palm facing the ground), and the arm stabilized against the thorax.[2][3][4] The examiner places the stabilizing hand on the proximal portion of the humerus near the bicipital groove, and the resistance hand on the distal forearm and wrist.[1][2]
The patient is instructed to actively supinate the forearm, externally rotate the humerus, and flex the elbow against the resistance of the examiner.[1][2] Referred pain by the patient results in one of positive findings.
- Modification involves the examiner resisting elbow flexion as the humerus moves into external rotation.[4]
Results
Biceps tendinitis or subluxation of the biceps tendon can normally be addressed by palpating the long head of the biceps tendon in the bicipital groove.[2] The patient will exhibit a pain response, snapping or both in the bicipital groove. Pain with no associated popping might indicate bicipital tendinopathy. A snapping indicates a tear or laxity of the transverse humeral ligament, which would prevent the ligament from securing the tendon in the groove. Pain at the superior glenohumeral joint is indicative of a SLAP tear.[4]
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Adverse effects
This is a difficult test to perform for an accurate diagnosis.[2] False positive findings can be the result of a rotator cuff tear, while pain in the superior glenohumeral region is a weak predictor of a SLAP tear.[4]
See also
Here are a list of anatomical terms with their associated links that are used in this article.
References
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