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Zephyranthes bifida
Species of flowering plant From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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Zephyranthes bifida, formerly Rhodophiala bifida[3] and commonly the oxblood lily[3] or schoolhouse lily,[4] is a species of bulbous,[5] terrestrial herb[1] in the family Amaryllidaceae native to Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, and Uruguay.[2] it is cultivated in the Southern United States as an ornamental plant for its pink to red flowers.
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Description
 | This section is written like a research paper or a scientific journal. (October 2025) |
Vegetative characteristics
Zephyranthes bifida is a 15–40 cm tall, bulbous,[5] terrestrial herb[1] with ovoid to globose bulbs and green, linear, 15–30 cm long, and 3–7 mm wide leaves with an obtuse apex.[5]
Generative characteristics
The androecium consists of 6 stamens.[1] The stigma is trifid. The capsule fruit is 1.2–3 cm wide.[6]
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Cytology
The chromosome count is 2n = 16 or 2n = 18.[5]
Taxonomy
It was first published as Habranthus bifidus Herb. by William Herbert in 1825.[7] Long known as and still often called Rhodophiala bifida,[8] it was placed into the genus Zephyranthes Herb. as Zephyranthes bifida (Herb.) Nic.García & Meerow by Nicolás García Berguecio and Alan W. Meerow in 2019.[2] It is placed in the monotypic subgenus Zephyranthes subg. Neorhodophiala.[5]
Distribution
It is native to Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, and Uruguay.[2]
Cultivation
Z. bifida is found in cultivation.[9][10] In the U.S., plants were first imported from Argentina popularized by a German immigrant to the Texas Hill Country.[4] From Texas, they were distributed throughout the South as an heirloom plant.[4] The cultivar from Texas, sometimes called 'Hill Country Red',[8] typically has dark red flowers (hence the name oxblood lily)[9] with flowers blooming with autumn rains[4] before the appearance of leaves.[4][9]
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References
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