Zirconium(IV) sulfate

Zirconium(IV) sulfate is the name for a family of inorganic compounds with the formula Zr(SO₄)₂(H₂O)_n where n = 0, 4, 5, or 7. These species are related by the degree of hydration. At least some members of the series contain oxo ligands since zirconyl (ZrO²⁺) is pervasive. These compounds are white or colorless solids that often are soluble in water.

Zirconium(IV) sulfate

Zr4+ (SO42−)2]
Names
Other names zirconium disulfate
Identifiers
CAS Number	14644-61-2 Y 111378-69-9 N 7446-31-3 (tetrahydrate) Y
3D model (JSmol)	Interactive image
ChemSpider	24960
ECHA InfoCard	100.035.162
EC Number	238-694-4
PubChem CID	26793
RTECS number	ZH9100000
UNII	01SJA33642 Y OS8L03QU95 (tetrahydrate) Y
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)	DTXSID0021466
InChI InChI=1S/2H2O4S.Zr/c2*1-5(2,3)4;/h2*(H2,1,2,3,4);/q;;+4/p-4 Key: ZXAUZSQITFJWPS-UHFFFAOYSA-J
SMILES [O-]S(=O)(=O)[O-].[O-]S(=O)(=O)[O-].[Zr+4]
Properties
Chemical formula	Zr(SO4)2(H2O)x ( x = 0, 4, 5, 7)
Molar mass	285.35 g/mol (anhydrous) 355.40 g/mol (tetrahydrate)
Appearance	White solids
Density	3.22 g/cm3 (anhydrous) 2.85 g/cm3 (tetrahydrate)
Solubility in water	52.5 g/100 mL (tetrahydrate)
Refractive index (nD)	1.646
Structure
Crystal structure	orthorhombic
Hazards
Lethal dose or concentration (LD, LC):
LD50 (median dose)	3500 mg/kg (rat, oral)[1]
Related compounds
Other cations	Titanium sulfate; Hafnium sulfate
Related compounds	Zirconyl sulfate
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). N verify (what is YN ?) Infobox references

Preparation and structure

Zirconium sulfate is prepared by the action of sulfuric acid on zirconium oxide:

ZrO₂ + 2 H₂SO₄ + H₂O → Zr(SO₄)₂(H₂O)_x

The anhydrous sulfate is also claimed.^[2]

These compounds adopt complex structures featuring 7- and 8-coordinated Zr centres. Both water and sulfate serve as ligands.^[3][4]

Uses

Zirconium sulfate is used in tanning white leather, as a catalyst support, to precipitate proteins and amino acids, and as a pigment stabilizer.