Egret

For other uses, see Energetic Gamma Ray Experiment Telescope and Egret oil field.

Egrets (/ˈiːɡrəts/ EE-grəts) are herons, generally long-legged wading birds, that have white or buff plumage, developing fine plumes (usually milky white) during the breeding season. Egrets are not a biologically distinct group from herons and have the same build.

Egret
Eastern great egret (Ardea alba modesta)
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Class:	Aves
Order:	Pelecaniformes
Family:	Ardeidae
Subfamily:	Ardeinae
Groups included
Egretta Ardea Bubulcus Mesophoyx
Cladistically included but traditionally excluded taxa
Nycticorax Nyctanassa Gorsachius Butorides Agamia Pilherodius Ardeola Syrigma

Biology

Great egret in flight

Egrets at dusk in Kolleru Lake, Andhra Pradesh, India

A great egret in the Yolo Bypass Wildlife Area, California

Egrets hold a separate group with bitterns and herons within the 74 species found in the bird family Ardeidae.^[1] Many egrets are members of the genera Egretta or Ardea, which also contain other species named as herons rather than egrets. The distinction between a heron and an egret is rather vague, and depends more on appearance than biology. The word "egret" comes from the French word aigrette that means both "silver heron" and "brush", referring to the long, filamentous feathers that seem to cascade down an egret's back during the breeding season (also called "egrets").

Several of the egrets have been reclassified from one genus to another in recent years; the great egret, for example, has been classified as a member of either Casmerodius, Egretta, or Ardea.

In the 19th and early part of the 20th centuries, some of the world's egret species were endangered by relentless plume hunting, since hat makers in Europe and the United States demanded large numbers of egret plumes, leading to breeding birds being killed in many places around the world.^[2]

Several Egretta species, including the eastern reef egret, the reddish egret, and the western reef egret, have two distinct colours, one of which is just white. The little blue heron has all-white juvenile plumage.

Species in taxonomic order

A little egret from Egypt

• Great egret or great white egret, Ardea alba
• Great blue heron, Ardea herodias
• Intermediate egret, Mesophoyx intermedia
• Western cattle egret, Ardea ibis
• Little egret Egretta garzetta
• Snowy egret, Egretta thula
• Reddish egret, Egretta rufescens
• Slaty egret, Egretta vinaceigula
• Black egret, Egretta ardesiaca
• Chinese egret, Egretta eulophotes
• Eastern reef egret or Pacific reef heron, Egretta sacra
• Western reef egret or Western reef heron, Egretta gularis
• Eastern cattle egret, Ardea coromanda

Egret at Palakkad, India

Habitat

Egrets inhabit all continents; although they typically avoid the coldest regions, arid deserts, and very high mountains. They hunt and live in both saltwater and freshwater marshes.^[3]