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ésser
From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
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Catalan
Alternative forms
Etymology 1
Inherited from Old Catalan ésser from Early Medieval Latin essere, which derived from Latin esse.
Pronunciation
Verb
ésser (first-person singular present soc, first-person singular preterite fui, past participle estat or sigut); root stress: (Central, Valencia, Balearic) /e/
- (copulative) to be
- to exist, to be real, to be reality
Usage notes
- Ésser in the sense of "to be" is used for a characteristic of a person or object. See also: estar.
- Soc britànic, és catalana. ― I'm British, she's Catalan.
- L'or és groc. ― Gold is yellow.
- Ésser + past participle forms the passive voice.
- Era pagat per la Generalitat. ― I was paid by the Generalitat.
Conjugation
Etymology 2
Nominalization of Etymology 1.
Pronunciation
Noun
ésser m (plural éssers)
- being (a living creature)
Derived terms
Further reading
- “ésser”, in Diccionari de la llengua catalana [Dictionary of the Catalan Language] (in Catalan), second edition, Institute of Catalan Studies [Catalan: Institut d'Estudis Catalans], April 2007
- “ésser”, in Gran Diccionari de la Llengua Catalana, Grup Enciclopèdia Catalana, 2025
- “ésser” in Diccionari normatiu valencià, Acadèmia Valenciana de la Llengua.
- “ésser” in Diccionari català-valencià-balear, Antoni Maria Alcover and Francesc de Borja Moll, 1962.
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Old Catalan
Alternative forms
Etymology
Verb
ésser
- to be
- 1460-1465, Joanot Martorell, Tirant lo Blanch:
- [...] e en aço ſe moſtra la voſtra excelſa condicio eſſer mes angelica que humana.
- And in this your excellent condition shows to be more angelic than human.
- to exist
Conjugation
Conjugation of ésser
Descendants
- Catalan: ésser
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