γλουτός

Ancient Greek

Etymology

Compared with Slovene glûta (“lump, swelling”); further with Old English clūd (“rock, boulder”), which is semantically less evident. Without t-suffix, there is Sanskrit ग्लौ (gláu, “round lump, wen-like excrescence”). The Indo-European material is not very convincing. Beekes does not dismiss a Pre-Greek origin.

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /ɡluː.tós/ → /ɣluˈtos/ → /ɣluˈtos/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /ɡluː.tós/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /ɡluˈtos/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /ɣluˈtos/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /ɣluˈtos/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /ɣluˈtos/

Noun

γλουτός • (gloutós) m (genitive γλουτοῦ); second declension

1. (anatomy) rump, buttock

   Synonym: πῡγή (pūgḗ)

   • 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 5.66
   • 460 BCE – 370 BCE, Hippocrates of Kos, On Fractures 13
   • 384 BCE – 322 BCE, Aristotle, History of Animals 493a.23
   • 460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 4.9
   • 430 BCE – 354 BCE, Xenophon, On Horsemanship 7.2:

     ὅταν δὲ περιενέγκῃ τὸν πόδα, τότε καὶ τὼ γλουτὼ καθέτω ἐπὶ τὸν ἵππον.

     hótan dè perienénkēi tòn póda, tóte kaì tṑ gloutṑ kathétō epì tòn híppon.

     (please add an English translation of this quotation)

   • 120 CE – 175 CE, Vettius Valens, Anthology 393.8
   • 300 CE – 400 CE, Quintus Smyrnaeus, Posthomerica 6.401
   • 125 CE – 200 CE, Lucian, Amores (Affairs of the Heart) 14
   • I., AI 15.374
   • 155 CE – 235 CE, Cassius Dio, Collected Works 43.23.2
   • 155 CE – 235 CE, Cassius Dio, Collected Works 62.2.4
   • 350 CE – 450 CE, Nonnus, Par.Eu.Io. 21.40
   1. (of a horse) a haunch (contrasted with ἰσχίον (iskhíon, “hip-joint”))
      • 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 8.340
      • Triph. 81
      • 120 CE – 175 CE, Vettius Valens, Anthology 105.17
      • Thdt., H.Rel. 18.1

Declension

Second declension of ὁ γλουτός; τοῦ γλουτοῦ (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ὁ γλουτός ho gloutós	τὼ γλουτώ tṑ gloutṓ	οἱ γλουτοί hoi gloutoí
Genitive	τοῦ γλουτοῦ toû gloutoû	τοῖν γλουτοῖν toîn gloutoîn	τῶν γλουτῶν tôn gloutôn
Dative	τῷ γλουτῷ tōî gloutōî	τοῖν γλουτοῖν toîn gloutoîn	τοῖς γλουτοῖς toîs gloutoîs
Accusative	τὸν γλουτόν tòn gloutón	τὼ γλουτώ tṑ gloutṓ	τοὺς γλουτούς toùs gloutoús
Vocative	γλουτέ glouté	γλουτώ gloutṓ	γλουτοί gloutoí
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

• A heteroclite neuter form is attested (in a scholion to Theocritus, Collected Works 6.30) in the plural:

Second declension of τᾰ̀ γλουτᾰ́; τῶν γλουτῶν (Attic)

Case / #	Plural
Nominative	τᾰ̀ γλουτᾰ́ tằ gloutắ
Genitive	τῶν γλουτῶν tôn gloutôn
Dative	τοῖς γλουτοῖς toîs gloutoîs
Accusative	τᾰ̀ γλουτᾰ́ tằ gloutắ
Vocative	γλουτᾰ́ gloutắ
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Derived terms

• γλούτῐᾰ (gloútĭă)

Descendants

• → Greek: γλουτός (gloutós)
• → New Latin: glūtæus
  • → Catalan: gluti
  • → Dutch: gluteus
  • → English: gluteus
  • → Esperanto: gluteo
  • → Italian: gluteo
  • → Portuguese: glúteo
  • ⇒ French: glutéal

Further reading

• “γλουτός”, in Liddell & Scott (1940), A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “γλουτός”, in Liddell & Scott (1889), An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
• “γλουτός”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891), A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
• γλουτός in Bailly, Anatole (1935), Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
• γλουτός in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924), A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
• γλουτός in the Diccionario Griego–Español en línea (2006–2025)
• Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010), Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN

Greek

Etymology

Ancient Greek γλουτός (gloutós)

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ɣluˈtos/

Noun

γλουτός • (gloutós) m (plural γλουτοί)

1. (anatomy) buttock, rump, gluteus maximus

Declension

Declension of γλουτός

	singular	plural
nominative	γλουτός (gloutós)	γλουτοί (gloutoí)
genitive	γλουτού (gloutoú)	γλουτών (gloutón)
accusative	γλουτό (gloutó)	γλουτούς (gloutoús)
vocative	γλουτέ (glouté)	γλουτοί (gloutoí)

Synonyms

• (buttock): κωλομέρι n (koloméri)