διάφραγμα

Ancient Greek

Etymology

From διαφράσσω (diaphrássō, “to divide, obstruct”) and the suffix -μα (-ma).

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /di.á.pʰraŋ.ma/ → /ðiˈa.ɸraɣ.ma/ → /ðiˈa.fraɣ.ma/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /di.á.pʰraŋ.ma/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /diˈa.pʰraɡ.ma/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /ðiˈa.ɸraɣ.ma/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /ðiˈa.fraɣ.ma/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /ðiˈa.fraɣ.ma/

Noun

δῐᾰ́φρᾰγμᾰ • (dĭắphrăgmă) n (genitive δῐᾰφρᾰ́γμᾰτος); third declension

1. partition or barrier
2. lock in a canal
3. (anatomy) diaphragm, midriff

   Synonym: ὑπόζωμᾰ (hupózōmă)

4. septum, the cartilage which divides the nostrils
5. (anatomy) soft palate
6. (anatomy) septum pellucidum

Inflection

Third declension of τὸ δῐᾰ́φρᾰγμᾰ; τοῦ δῐᾰφρᾰ́γμᾰτος (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	τὸ δῐᾰ́φρᾰγμᾰ tò dĭắphrăgmă	τὼ δῐᾰφρᾰ́γμᾰτε tṑ dĭăphrắgmăte	τᾰ̀ δῐᾰφρᾰ́γμᾰτᾰ tằ dĭăphrắgmătă
Genitive	τοῦ δῐᾰφρᾰ́γμᾰτος toû dĭăphrắgmătos	τοῖν δῐᾰφρᾰγμᾰ́τοιν toîn dĭăphrăgmắtoin	τῶν δῐᾰφρᾰγμᾰ́των tôn dĭăphrăgmắtōn
Dative	τῷ δῐᾰφρᾰ́γμᾰτῐ tōî dĭăphrắgmătĭ	τοῖν δῐᾰφρᾰγμᾰ́τοιν toîn dĭăphrăgmắtoin	τοῖς δῐᾰφρᾰ́γμᾰσῐ / δῐᾰφρᾰ́γμᾰσῐν toîs dĭăphrắgmăsĭ(n)
Accusative	τὸ δῐᾰ́φρᾰγμᾰ tò dĭắphrăgmă	τὼ δῐᾰφρᾰ́γμᾰτε tṑ dĭăphrắgmăte	τᾰ̀ δῐᾰφρᾰ́γμᾰτᾰ tằ dĭăphrắgmătă
Vocative	δῐᾰ́φρᾰγμᾰ dĭắphrăgmă	δῐᾰφρᾰ́γμᾰτε dĭăphrắgmăte	δῐᾰφρᾰ́γμᾰτᾰ dĭăphrắgmătă
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Descendants

• → Greek: διάφραγμα (diáfragma) (learned)
• → Latin: diaphragma
  • → Catalan: diafragma
  • → Middle English: diafragma
    • English: diaphragm
  • → French: diaphragme
  • → German: Diaphragma
  • → Russian: диафрагма (diafragma)
  • → Ukrainian: діафрагма (diafrahma), діяфрагма (dijafrahma)

Further reading

• “διάφραγμα”, in Liddell & Scott (1940), A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “διάφραγμα”, in Liddell & Scott (1889), An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
• διάφραγμα in Bailly, Anatole (1935), Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
• διάφραγμα in the Diccionario Griego–Español en línea (2006–2025)