παῖς

Ancient Greek

Alternative forms

• πᾰ́ῑ̈ς (pắī̈s) — Epic
• παῦς (paûs)

Etymology

From Proto-Hellenic *pā́wits. Cognates include Latin puer, Sanskrit पुत्र (putrá, “son”), and Avestan 𐬞𐬎𐬚𐬭𐬀 (puθra, “son”).

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /pâi̯s/ → /pɛs/ → /pes/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /pâi̯s/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /pɛs/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /pɛs/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /pes/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /pes/

Noun

παῖς • (paîs) m or f (genitive παιδός); third declension

1. child
2. slave
3. servant

Usage notes

• The Doric genitive plural is παιδῶν (paidôn) and the Epic dative plural is παίδεσσι (paídessi).
• Alcman has accusative singular παίδα (paída).

Declension

Third declension of ὁ / ἡ παῖς; τοῦ / τῆς παιδός (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ὁ / ἡ παῖς ho / hē paîs	τὼ παῖδε tṑ paîde	οἱ / αἱ παῖδες hoi / hai paîdes
Genitive	τοῦ / τῆς παιδός toû / tês paidós	τοῖν παίδοιν toîn paídoin	τῶν παίδων tôn paídōn
Dative	τῷ / τῇ παιδῐ́ tōî / tēî paidĭ́	τοῖν παίδοιν toîn paídoin	τοῖς / ταῖς παισῐ́ / παισῐ́ν toîs / taîs paisĭ́(n)
Accusative	τὸν / τὴν παῖδᾰ tòn / tḕn paîdă	τὼ παῖδε tṑ paîde	τοὺς / τᾱ̀ς παῖδᾰς toùs / tā̀s paîdăs
Vocative	παῖ paî	παῖδε paîde	παῖδες paîdes
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension. Nominative singular -ς (-s) arose by reduction of the original cluster *-ds.

Derived terms

• ἀντίπαις (antípais)
• παιδαγωγός (paidagōgós)
• παιδεραστής (paiderastḗs)
• παιδεύω (paideúō)
• παιδῐκός (paidĭkós)
• παιδογονία (paidogonía)
• παιδοδῐδᾰ́σκᾰλος (paidodĭdắskălos)
• παιδοκτόνος (paidoktónos)
• παιδοποιός (paidopoiós)
• παιδοτρίβης (paidotríbēs)
• παιδοτροφός (paidotrophós)
• παιδότρωτος (paidótrōtos)
• παιδόφιλος (paidóphilos)
• παιδοφόνος (paidophónos)
• παιδοφῠ́λᾰξ (paidophŭ́lăx)

Descendants

• Greek: παιδί (paidí), -παις (-pais)

References

• “παῖς”, in Liddell & Scott (1940), A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “παῖς”, in Liddell & Scott (1889), An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
• “παῖς”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891), A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
• παῖς in Bailly, Anatole (1935), Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
• Bauer, Walter et al. (2001), A Greek–English Lexicon of the New Testament and Other Early Christian Literature, Third edition, Chicago: University of Chicago Press
• “παῖς”, in Slater, William J. (1969), Lexicon to Pindar, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter
• G3816 in Strong, James (1979), Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible
• Woodhouse, S. C. (1910), English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language‎, London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited.
  • babe idem, page 57.
  • boy idem, page 92.
  • child idem, page 129.
  • damsel idem, page 194.
  • daughter idem, page 196.
  • family idem, page 305.
  • girl idem, page 359.
  • lad idem, page 473.
  • maid idem, page 507.
  • minor idem, page 531.
  • offspring idem, page 571.
  • progeny idem, page 653.
  • scullion idem, page 743.
  • slave idem, page 782.
  • son idem, page 793.
  • varlet idem, page 944.
  • virgin idem, page 954.