برنا

See also: ثرنا

Arabic

Verb

بُرْنَا • (burnā) (form I) /bur.naː/

1. first-person plural past active of بَارَ (bāra)

Persian

Alternative forms

• برنای (bornây), برناه (bornâh)

Etymology

From Middle Persian [Book Pahlavi needed] (ʾpwlnʾd /⁠aburnāy⁠/, “underage, youth”), a Zoroastrian legal term borrowed from Avestan 𐬀𐬞𐬆𐬭𐬆𐬥𐬁𐬌𐬌𐬎 (apər^ənāiiu, “underage”), the negative of 𐬞𐬆𐬭𐬆𐬥𐬁𐬌𐬌𐬎 (pər^ənāiiu, “adult”), from Proto-Iranian *pr̥Hnáh (“full, filled”).

Pronunciation

• (Classical Persian) IPA^(key): /buɾ.ˈnaː/

 

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [bʊɾ.nɑ́ː]

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [bʊɾ.nɑ́ː]
  • (Kabuli) IPA^(key): [bʊɾ.nɑ́ː]
  • (Hazaragi) IPA^(key): [buɾ.nɔ́ː]

• (Iran, formal) IPA^(key): [boɹ.nɒ́ː]

• (Tajik, formal) IPA^(key): [buɾ.nɔ́]

Readings
Classical reading?	burnā
Dari reading?	burnā
Iranian reading?	bornâ
Tajik reading?	burno

Adjective

برنا • (bornâ)

1. (poetic) adolescent, young

   ز دانش دل پیر برنا بود. (proverb)

   ze dâneš del-e pir bornâ bovad.

   The aged heart becomes young from knowledge.

Noun

برنا • (bornâ)

1. (poetic) youth
   • c. 1011, Abu'l-Qāsim Firdawsī, “The Tale of Rustam and Isfandiyār”, in شاهنامه [Book of Kings]‎:

     بیفشارد چنگش میان سخن
     ز برنا بخندید مرد کهن
     ز ناخن فرو ریختش آب زرد
     همانا نجنبید زان‌ درد مرد

     biyafšārd čang-aš miyān-i suxan
     zi burnā bixandīd mard-i kuhan
     zi nāxun furō rēxt-aš āb-i zard
     hamānā na-jombīd z-ān dard mard

     He [Isfandiyār] pressed his [Rustam's] hand hard as he spoke,
     But the ancient man [Rustam] smiled at the youth;
     Yellow gall dripped down from his [Rustam's] fingernails,
     indeed, the man never jolted from the pain.

     (Classical Persian romanization)