سوق

See also: شوق, سوف, and شوف

Arabic

Etymology 1

From Aramaic שׁוּקָא / ܫܽܘܩܳܐ (šūqā’, “street, market”), from Akkadian 𒋻 (sūqum, “street”), from Akkadian 𒅆𒀀𒄣 (siāqum, “to become narrow”). Cognate to Hebrew שׁוּק (šūq).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /suːq/

• Audio:

  (file)

  • (Egypt) IPA^(key): /suːʔ/
  • (Kuwaiti) IPA^(key): /suːɡ/
  • (Morocco) IPA^(key): /suːq/

Noun

سُوق • (sūq) f or m (plural أَسْوَاق (ʔaswāq))

1. market

   فِي السُّوقِ، يُمْكِنُنَا شِرَاءُ الْفَوَاكِهِ وَالْخَضْرَوَاتِ الطَّازَجَةِ وَالْبَضَائِعِ الْأُخْرَى.

   fī s-sūqi, yumkinunā širāʔu l-fawākihi wālḵaḍrawāti ṭ-ṭāzajati wālbaḍāʔiʕi l-ʔuḵrā.

   At the market, we can buy fresh fruits, vegetables, and other goods.

   • 609–632 CE, Qur'an, 25:20:

     وَمَا أَرْسَلْنَا قَبْلَكَ مِنَ ٱلْمُرْسَلِينَ إِلَّا إِنَّهُمْ لَيَأْكُلُونَ ٱلطَّعَامَ وَيَمْشُونَ فِي ٱلْأَسْوَاقِ

     wamā ʔarsalnā qablaka mina l-mursalīna ʔillā ʔinnahum layaʔkulūna ṭ-ṭaʕāma wayamšūna fī l-ʔaswāqi

     (please add an English translation of this quotation)

Declension

Declension of noun سُوق (sūq)

singular	basic singular triptote
	indefinite	definite	construct
informal	سُوق sūq	السُّوق as-sūq	سُوق sūq
nominative	سُوقٌ sūqun	السُّوقُ as-sūqu	سُوقُ sūqu
accusative	سُوقًا sūqan	السُّوقَ as-sūqa	سُوقَ sūqa
genitive	سُوقٍ sūqin	السُّوقِ as-sūqi	سُوقِ sūqi
dual	indefinite	definite	construct
informal	سُوقَيْن sūqayn	السُّوقَيْن as-sūqayn	سُوقَيْ sūqay
nominative	سُوقَانِ sūqāni	السُّوقَانِ as-sūqāni	سُوقَا sūqā
accusative	سُوقَيْنِ sūqayni	السُّوقَيْنِ as-sūqayni	سُوقَيْ sūqay
genitive	سُوقَيْنِ sūqayni	السُّوقَيْنِ as-sūqayni	سُوقَيْ sūqay
plural	basic broken plural triptote
	indefinite	definite	construct
informal	أَسْوَاق ʔaswāq	الْأَسْوَاق al-ʔaswāq	أَسْوَاق ʔaswāq
nominative	أَسْوَاقٌ ʔaswāqun	الْأَسْوَاقُ al-ʔaswāqu	أَسْوَاقُ ʔaswāqu
accusative	أَسْوَاقًا ʔaswāqan	الْأَسْوَاقَ al-ʔaswāqa	أَسْوَاقَ ʔaswāqa
genitive	أَسْوَاقٍ ʔaswāqin	الْأَسْوَاقِ al-ʔaswāqi	أَسْوَاقِ ʔaswāqi

Descendants

• Maltese: suq
• → Afrikaans: soek
• → Belarusian: сук (suk)
• → Bulgarian: сук (suk)
• → English: souq, souk, suq, sooq, sook, suk, sukh
• → French: souk
• → German: Souq
• → Greek: σουκ (souk)
• → Japanese: スーク (sūku)
• → Ottoman Turkish: سوق (suk)
  • Turkish: suk
• → Persian: سوق (suq)
• → Portuguese: souq, souk, suque
• → Russian: сук (suk)
• → Somali: souq, sūqqa, sūūq
• → Spanish: zoco
  • → Galician: zoco
• → Swahili: soko
• → Tajik: суқ (suq)
• → Ukrainian: сук (suk)
• ⇒ Arabic: السُّوق (as-sūq, “the market”)
  • → Basque: azoka
  • → Old Galician-Portuguese: açougue
    • Galician: azougue, alcouce
    • Portuguese: açougue

Etymology 2

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /sawq/

Noun

سَوْق • (sawq) m

1. verbal noun of سَاقَ (sāqa, “to drive, to conscript”) (form I)
2. driving (of a car)
3. (military) draft, conscription
4. mobilization

Declension

Declension of noun سَوْق (sawq)

singular	basic singular triptote
	indefinite	definite	construct
informal	سَوْق sawq	السَّوْق as-sawq	سَوْق sawq
nominative	سَوْقٌ sawqun	السَّوْقُ as-sawqu	سَوْقُ sawqu
accusative	سَوْقًا sawqan	السَّوْقَ as-sawqa	سَوْقَ sawqa
genitive	سَوْقٍ sawqin	السَّوْقِ as-sawqi	سَوْقِ sawqi

Descendants

• → Ottoman Turkish: سوق (sevk)
  • Turkish: sevk

Etymology 3

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /suːq/

Noun

سُوق • (sūq) m pl or f pl

1. plural of سَاق (sāq)

Etymology 4

Denominal verb from سُوق (sūq, “market, souq”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /saw.wa.qa/

Verb

سَوَّقَ • (sawwaqa) II (non-past يُسَوِّقُ (yusawwiqu), verbal noun تَسْوِيق (taswīq))

1. to market

Conjugation

Conjugation of سَوَّقَ (II, sound, full passive, verbal noun تَسْوِيق)

verbal noun الْمَصْدَر						تَسْوِيق taswīq
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل						مُسَوِّق musawwiq
passive participle اِسْم الْمَفْعُول						مُسَوَّق musawwaq
active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم
		singular الْمُفْرَد				dual الْمُثَنَّى			plural الْجَمْع
		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	m	سَوَّقْتُ sawwaqtu	سَوَّقْتَ sawwaqta	سَوَّقَ sawwaqa		سَوَّقْتُمَا sawwaqtumā	سَوَّقَا sawwaqā		سَوَّقْنَا sawwaqnā	سَوَّقْتُمْ sawwaqtum	سَوَّقُوا sawwaqū
	f		سَوَّقْتِ sawwaqti	سَوَّقَتْ sawwaqat			سَوَّقَتَا sawwaqatā			سَوَّقْتُنَّ sawwaqtunna	سَوَّقْنَ sawwaqna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	m	أُسَوِّقُ ʔusawwiqu	تُسَوِّقُ tusawwiqu	يُسَوِّقُ yusawwiqu		تُسَوِّقَانِ tusawwiqāni	يُسَوِّقَانِ yusawwiqāni		نُسَوِّقُ nusawwiqu	تُسَوِّقُونَ tusawwiqūna	يُسَوِّقُونَ yusawwiqūna
	f		تُسَوِّقِينَ tusawwiqīna	تُسَوِّقُ tusawwiqu			تُسَوِّقَانِ tusawwiqāni			تُسَوِّقْنَ tusawwiqna	يُسَوِّقْنَ yusawwiqna
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	m	أُسَوِّقَ ʔusawwiqa	تُسَوِّقَ tusawwiqa	يُسَوِّقَ yusawwiqa		تُسَوِّقَا tusawwiqā	يُسَوِّقَا yusawwiqā		نُسَوِّقَ nusawwiqa	تُسَوِّقُوا tusawwiqū	يُسَوِّقُوا yusawwiqū
	f		تُسَوِّقِي tusawwiqī	تُسَوِّقَ tusawwiqa			تُسَوِّقَا tusawwiqā			تُسَوِّقْنَ tusawwiqna	يُسَوِّقْنَ yusawwiqna
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	m	أُسَوِّقْ ʔusawwiq	تُسَوِّقْ tusawwiq	يُسَوِّقْ yusawwiq		تُسَوِّقَا tusawwiqā	يُسَوِّقَا yusawwiqā		نُسَوِّقْ nusawwiq	تُسَوِّقُوا tusawwiqū	يُسَوِّقُوا yusawwiqū
	f		تُسَوِّقِي tusawwiqī	تُسَوِّقْ tusawwiq			تُسَوِّقَا tusawwiqā			تُسَوِّقْنَ tusawwiqna	يُسَوِّقْنَ yusawwiqna
imperative الْأَمْر	m		سَوِّقْ sawwiq			سَوِّقَا sawwiqā				سَوِّقُوا sawwiqū
	f		سَوِّقِي sawwiqī							سَوِّقْنَ sawwiqna
passive voice الْفِعْل الْمَجْهُول
		singular الْمُفْرَد				dual الْمُثَنَّى			plural الْجَمْع
		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	m	سُوِّقْتُ suwwiqtu	سُوِّقْتَ suwwiqta	سُوِّقَ suwwiqa		سُوِّقْتُمَا suwwiqtumā	سُوِّقَا suwwiqā		سُوِّقْنَا suwwiqnā	سُوِّقْتُمْ suwwiqtum	سُوِّقُوا suwwiqū
	f		سُوِّقْتِ suwwiqti	سُوِّقَتْ suwwiqat			سُوِّقَتَا suwwiqatā			سُوِّقْتُنَّ suwwiqtunna	سُوِّقْنَ suwwiqna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	m	أُسَوَّقُ ʔusawwaqu	تُسَوَّقُ tusawwaqu	يُسَوَّقُ yusawwaqu		تُسَوَّقَانِ tusawwaqāni	يُسَوَّقَانِ yusawwaqāni		نُسَوَّقُ nusawwaqu	تُسَوَّقُونَ tusawwaqūna	يُسَوَّقُونَ yusawwaqūna
	f		تُسَوَّقِينَ tusawwaqīna	تُسَوَّقُ tusawwaqu			تُسَوَّقَانِ tusawwaqāni			تُسَوَّقْنَ tusawwaqna	يُسَوَّقْنَ yusawwaqna
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	m	أُسَوَّقَ ʔusawwaqa	تُسَوَّقَ tusawwaqa	يُسَوَّقَ yusawwaqa		تُسَوَّقَا tusawwaqā	يُسَوَّقَا yusawwaqā		نُسَوَّقَ nusawwaqa	تُسَوَّقُوا tusawwaqū	يُسَوَّقُوا yusawwaqū
	f		تُسَوَّقِي tusawwaqī	تُسَوَّقَ tusawwaqa			تُسَوَّقَا tusawwaqā			تُسَوَّقْنَ tusawwaqna	يُسَوَّقْنَ yusawwaqna
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	m	أُسَوَّقْ ʔusawwaq	تُسَوَّقْ tusawwaq	يُسَوَّقْ yusawwaq		تُسَوَّقَا tusawwaqā	يُسَوَّقَا yusawwaqā		نُسَوَّقْ nusawwaq	تُسَوَّقُوا tusawwaqū	يُسَوَّقُوا yusawwaqū
	f		تُسَوَّقِي tusawwaqī	تُسَوَّقْ tusawwaq			تُسَوَّقَا tusawwaqā			تُسَوَّقْنَ tusawwaqna	يُسَوَّقْنَ yusawwaqna

References

• Wehr, Hans (1979), “سوق”, in J. Milton Cowan, editor, A Dictionary of Modern Written Arabic, 4th edition, Ithaca, NY: Spoken Language Services, →ISBN

Hijazi Arabic

Root
س و ق
4 terms

Etymology 1

From Arabic سُوق (sūq).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /suːɡ/

Noun

سوق • (sūg) m (plural أسواق (ʔaswāg))

1. market

Etymology 2

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /suːɡ/

Verb

سوق • (sūg)

1. second-person masculine singular imperative of ساق (sāg)

Etymology 3

From Arabic سَوَّق (sawwaq).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /saw.waɡ/

Verb

سَوَّق • (sawwag) II (non-past يِسَوِّق (yisawwig))

1. to market

Conjugation

Conjugation of سوق

		singular				plural
		1st person	2nd person	3rd person		1st person	2nd person	3rd person
past	m	سوقت (sawwagt)	سوقت (sawwagt)	سوق (sawwag)		سوقنا (sawwagna)	سوقتوا (sawwagtu)	سوقوا (sawwagu)
	f		سوقتي (sawwagti)	سوقت (sawwagat)
non-past	m	أسوق (ʔasawwig)	تسوق (tisawwig)	يسوق (yisawwig)		نسوق (nisawwig)	تسوقوا (tisawwigu)	يسوقوا (yisawwigu)
	f		تسوقي (tisawwigi)	تسوق (tisawwig)
imperative	m		سوق (sawwig)				سوقوا (sawwigu)
	f		سوقي (sawwigi)

Moroccan Arabic

Root
س و ق
4 terms

Etymology 1

From Arabic سُوق (sūq).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /suːq/

• Audio:

  (file)

Noun

سوق • (sūq) m (plural سواق (swāq) or أسواق (ʔaswāq))

1. market, souq, bazaar, street of shops
2. business (something involving one personally)

   ماشي سوقك! ― māši sūqek! ― None of your business!

Derived terms

• سوق رومي (sūq rūmi, “supermarket”)

Etymology 2

From Arabic سَوَّقَ (sawwaqa).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /saw.waq/

Verb

سوق • (sawwaq) II (non-past يسوق (ysawwaq), verbal noun تسواق (taswāq) or تسويق (taswīq), active participle مسوق (msawwaq))

1. (transitive) to market
2. (transitive) to inform
3. (intransitive) to care, to pay attention [with ل (l-) ‘to someone or something’]

   حتى واحد ما سوق ليه ― ḥatta wāḥid ma sawwaq līh ― Nobody paid attention to him

Conjugation

Conjugation of سوق

		singular				plural
		1st person	2nd person	3rd person		1st person	2nd person	3rd person
past	m	سوّقت (sawwaqt)	سوّقتي (sawwaqti)	سوّق (sawwaq)		سوّقنا (sawwaqna)	سوّقتوا (sawwaqtu)	سوّقوا (sawwqu)
	f			سوّقت (sawwqāt)
non-past	m	نسوّق (nsawwaq)	تسوّق (tsawwaq)	يسوّق (ysawwaq)		نسوّقوا (nsawwqu)	تسوّقوا (tsawwqu)	يسوّقوا (ysawwqu)
	f		تسوّقي (tsawwqi)	تسوّق (tsawwaq)
imperative	m		سوّق (sawwaq)				سوّقوا (sawwqu)
	f		سوّقي (sawwqi)

Etymology 3

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /suːq/

• Audio:

  (file)

Verb

سوق • (sūq)

1. second-person masculine singular imperative of ساق (sāq)

Ottoman Turkish

Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic سُوق (sūq, “market”), from Aramaic שׁוּקָא (šūqā’, “street, market”), from Akkadian 𒋻 (sūqum, “street”).

Noun

سوق • (suk) (definite accusative سوقی (suku), plural اسواق (esvâk))

1. market, marketplace, bazaar, a relatively spacious outdoor area or street in a town or city housing a public market

   Synonyms: بازار (bazar), چارشو (çarşu)

2. market, souq, fair, a gathering of people for the purchase and sale of merchandise, often periodic at a set time

   Synonym: بازار (bazar)

Derived terms

• سوقی (sukî, “pertaining to the market”)

Descendants

• Turkish: suk

Further reading

click to expand

• Barbier de Meynard, Charles (1886), “سوق”, in Dictionnaire turc-français, volume II, Paris: E. Leroux, page 111
• Çağbayır, Yaşar (2007), “suk4”, in Ötüken Türkçe Sözlük (in Turkish), volume 1, Istanbul: Ötüken Neşriyat, page 4348
• Devellioğlu, Ferit (1962), “suk”, in Osmanlıca-Türkçe Ansiklopedik Lûgat‎‎ (in Turkish), Istanbul: Türk Dil Kurumu, page 1153
• Kélékian, Diran (1911), “سوق”, in Dictionnaire turc-français‎ (in French), Constantinople: Mihran, page 701
• Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1687), “Mercatus”, in Complementum thesauri linguarum orientalium, seu onomasticum latino-turcico-arabico-persicum, simul idem index verborum lexici turcico-arabico-persici, quod latinâ, germanicâ, aliarumque linguarum adjectâ nomenclatione nuper in lucem editum‎, Vienna, column 1038
• Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1680), “سوق”, in Thesaurus linguarum orientalium, Turcicae, Arabicae, Persicae, praecipuas earum opes à Turcis peculiariter usurpatas continens, nimirum Lexicon Turkico-Arabico-Persicum‎, Vienna, column 2712
• Redhouse, James W. (1890), “سوق”, in A Turkish and English Lexicon‎, Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian, page 1093

South Levantine Arabic

Root
س و ق
3 terms

Etymology 1

From Arabic سَوَّقَ (sawwaqa).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /saw.waʔ/, [ˈsaw.waʔ]

• Audio (al-Lidd):

  (file)

Verb

سوّق • (sawwaʔ) II (present بسوّق (bisawweʔ))

1. to market

Conjugation

Conjugation of سوق

		singular				plural
		1st person	2nd person	3rd person		1st person	2nd person	3rd person
past	m	سوّقت (sawwaʔt)	سوّقت (sawwaʔt)	سوّق (sawwaʔ)		سوّقنا (sawwaʔna)	سوّقتو (sawwaʔtu)	سوّقو (sawwaʔu)
	f		سوّقتي (sawwaʔti)	سوّقت (sawwaʔat)
present	m	بسوّق (basawwiʔ)	بتسوّق (bitsawwiʔ)	بسوّق (bisawwiʔ)		منسوّق (minsawwiʔ)	بتسوّقو (bitsawwʔu)	بسوّقو (bisawwʔu)
	f		بتسوّقي (bitsawwʔi)	بتسوّق (bitsawwiʔ)
subjunctive	m	اسوّق (asawwiʔ)	تسوّق (tsawwiʔ)	يسوّق (ysawwiʔ)		نسوّق (nsawwiʔ)	تسوّقو (tsawwʔu)	يسوّقو (ysawwʔu)
	f		تسوّقي (tsawwʔi)	تسوّق (tsawwiʔ)
imperative	m		سوّق (sawwiʔ)				سوّقو (sawwʔu)
	f		سوّقي (sawwʔi)

Etymology 2

From Arabic سُوق (sūq).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /suːʔ/, [suːʔ]

• Audio (Ramallah):

  (file)

Noun

سوق • (sūʔ) m (plural أسواق (ʔaswāʔ))

1. market