میدان

See also: ميدان

Ottoman Turkish

Etymology

Borrowed from Classical Persian میدان (meydān, “square, plaza”), from Arabic مَيْدَان (maydān, “square”), ultimately from Proto-Iranian *mádyanah (“middle”).

Noun

میدان • (meydan) (definite accusative میدانی (meydanı), plural میادین (meyadin))

1. square, plaza, any open space or park often containing trees, seating and other features
2. (figurative, in dative or locative) in the open, in public, common knowledge
   • 1914 May 29, “روسیه‌نك شرق سیاستی [Russia's eastern diplomacy]”, in Peyam, page 1:

     بوكا دلیل ایسترسه‌كز مشارالیهك نطقنده بالقان محاربلرینه دائر ویرمش اولدیغی نصیحت میدانده‌در.

     Buna delil isterseniz müşarun ileyhin nutukunda Balkan muharebelerine dair vermiş olduğu nasihat meydandadır.

     (please add an English translation of this quotation)

Derived terms

• آت میدانی (at meydanı, “racecourse”)
• میدان آرامق (meydan aramak, “to seek an opportunity”)
• میدان آلمق (meydan almak, “to get a good start”)
• میدان اوقومق (meydan okumak, “to provoke”)
• میدان بولمق (meydan bolmak, “to find space”)
• میدان حرب (meydan-ı harb, “battlefield”)
• میدان سوپورگه‌سی (meydan süpürgesi, “broom, besom”)
• میدان گلمك (meydan gelmek, “to reach maturity”)
• میدانسز (meydansız, “narrow, confined”)
• میدانلو (meydanlı, “spacious, wide”)
• میدانه قویمق (meydana koymak, “to exhibit; to reveal”)
• میدانه چیقارمق (meydana çıkarmak, “to publish”)
• میدانه چیقمق (meydana çıkmak, “to come out into the open”)
• میدانگاه (meydangâh, “public square”)

Descendants

• Turkish: meydan
• → Albanian: mejdan
• → Aromanian: migdane, migdãni, miydane
• → Bulgarian: мегда́н (megdán)
• → Crimean Tatar: meydan
• → Czech: mejdan
• → Greek: μεϊντάνι (meïntáni)
• → Macedonian: мегдан (megdan)
• → Romanian: maidan
• → Serbo-Croatian: mègdān / мѐгда̄н, mèjdān / мѐјда̄н
• → Tatar: мәйдан (mäydan)

Further reading

• Çağbayır, Yaşar (2007), “meydan1”, in Ötüken Türkçe Sözlük (in Turkish), volume 1, Istanbul: Ötüken Neşriyat, page 3184
• Devellioğlu, Ferit (1962), “meydân”, in Osmanlıca-Türkçe Ansiklopedik Lûgat‎‎ (in Turkish), Istanbul: Türk Dil Kurumu, page 762
• Kélékian, Diran (1911), “میدان”, in Dictionnaire turc-français‎ (in French), Constantinople: Mihran, page 1255
• Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1687), “Campus”, in Complementum thesauri linguarum orientalium, seu onomasticum latino-turcico-arabico-persicum, simul idem index verborum lexici turcico-arabico-persici, quod latinâ, germanicâ, aliarumque linguarum adjectâ nomenclatione nuper in lucem editum‎, Vienna, column 140
• Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1680), “میدان”, in Thesaurus linguarum orientalium, Turcicae, Arabicae, Persicae, praecipuas earum opes à Turcis peculiariter usurpatas continens, nimirum Lexicon Turkico-Arabico-Persicum‎, Vienna, column 5068
• Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–), “meydan”, in Nişanyan Sözlük
• Redhouse, James W. (1890), “میدان”, in A Turkish and English Lexicon‎, Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian, page 2052

Persian

Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic مَيْدَان (maydān), itself an Iranian borrowing. Doublet of میان (miyân).

Pronunciation

• (Classical Persian) IPA^(key): /maj.ˈdaːn/

 

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [mäj.d̪ɑ́ːn]

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [mäj.d̪ɑ́ːn]
  • (Kabuli) IPA^(key): [mäj.d̪ɑ́ːn]
  • (Hazaragi) IPA^(key): [mäj.d̪ɔ́ːn]

• (Iran, formal) IPA^(key): [mej.d̪ɒ́ːn]

• (Tajik, formal) IPA^(key): [mäj.d̪ɔ́n]

Readings
Classical reading?	maydān
Dari reading?	maydān
Iranian reading?	meydân
Tajik reading?	maydon

• Audio (Iran):

  (file)

Noun

میدان • (maydān / meydân) (plural میدان‌ها (maydān-hā / meydân-hâ), Tajik spelling майдон)

1. plaza, square (of a town etc.)

   میدان آزادی ― meydân-e âzâdi ― Azadi Square

2. field, plain
3. battlefield; (metonymic) battle
4. (mathematics, physics) field

   میدان مغناطیسی ― meydân-e maġnâtisi ― magnetic field

5. (Sufism, uncommon) stage of the mystical path

   Synonym: (more common) منزل (manzel)

Descendants

• Tajik: майдон (maydon)
  • → Uzbek: maydon
• → Assamese: ময়দান (moyodan)
• → Azerbaijani: meydan
• → Braj: मैदान (maidān)
• → Middle Bengali: ময়দান (moẏdan)
  • Bengali: ময়দান (moẏdan)
• → Dhivehi: މައިޒާން (maizān̊)
• → Dogri: madān

  Devanagari script: मदान

  Dogra script: 𑠢𑠛𑠬𑠝

• → Georgian: მოედანი (moedani)
• → Gojri: میدان (maidān)
• → Gujarati: મેદાન (medān)
• → Hindustani:

  Hindi: मैदान (maidān)

  Urdu: مَیْدَانْ (maidān)

  • → English: maidan
  • → Tamil: மைதானம் (maitāṉam)
• → Kannada: ಮೈದಾನ (maidāna)
• → Kashmiri: mạ̄dān

  Arabic script: مٲدان

  Devanagari script: मऻदान

  Sharada script: 𑆩𑆳𑆢𑆳𑆤𑇀

• → Kazakh: майдан (maidan)
• → Konkani:

  Devanagari script: मैदान (maidān)

  Kannada script: ಮಯ್ದಾನ್

  Latin script: moidan

• → Kumyk: майдан (maydan)
• → Lezgi: майдан (majdan)
• → Maithili: medān

  Devanagari script: मॆदान

  Tirhuta script: 𑒧𑒺𑒠𑒰𑒢

• → Malayalam: മൈദാനം (maidānaṁ)
• → Malvi: मेदान (medān)
• → Marathi: maidān

  Devanagari script: मैदान

  Modi script: 𑘦𑘺𑘟𑘰𑘡

• → Marwari:

  Devanagari script: मैदान (maidān)

  Mahajani script: 𑅬𑅑𑅥𑅧 (midn)

• → Nepali: मैदान (maidān)
• → Ottoman Turkish: میدان (meydân)
  • Turkish: meydan
  • → Albanian: mejdan
  • → Aromanian: migdane, migdãni, miydane
  • → Bulgarian: мегда́н (megdán)
  • → Crimean Tatar: meydan
  • → Czech: mejdan
  • → Greek: μεϊντάνι (meïntáni)
  • → Macedonian: мегдан (megdan)
  • → Romanian: maidan
  • → Serbo-Croatian: mègdān / мѐгда̄н, mèjdān / мѐјда̄н
  • → Tatar: мәйдан (mäydan)
• → Odia: ମଇଦାନ (maidāna)
• → Old Punjabi: ਮੈਦਾਨੁ (maidānu)
  • Punjabi:

    Gurmukhi script: ਮੈਦਾਨ (maidān), ਮਦਾਨ (madān)

    Shahmukhi script: مَیدان (maidān)

• → Sindhi: maidānu

  Arabic script: مَيدانُ

  Devanagari script: मैदानु

  Khudabadi script: 𑋗𑋦𑋏𑋠𑋑𑋣

• → Telugu: మైదానము (maidānamu)
• → Ukrainian: майдан (majdan) (via a Turkic language)
• → Uyghur: مەيدان (meydan)
• → Uzbek: maydon
• → Khorezmian Turkic: ميدان (mäydan)
• → Zazaki: meydan

References

• Durkin, Philip (2004), “Loanword etymologies in the third edition of the OED: Some questions of classification”, in Christian J. Kay, Simon Horobin, Jeremy J. Smith, editors, New Perspectives on English Historical Linguistics: Selected papers from 12 ICEHL, Glasgow, 21–26 August 2002. Volume II: Lexis and Transmission (Current Issues in Linguistic Theory; 252), John Benjamins, →ISBN, page 83

Urdu

Etymology

Borrowed from Classical Persian میدان (maydān), from Arabic مَيْدَان (maydān).

Pronunciation

• (Standard Urdu) IPA^(key): /mɛː.d̪ɑːn/
• Rhymes: -ɑːn
• Hyphenation: مَے‧دان

Noun

مَیدان • (maidān) m (Hindi spelling मैदान)

1. ground, field, arena
2. battleground
3. maidan, plains

Declension

Declension of میدان

	singular	plural
direct	مَیدان (maidān)	مَیدان (maidān)
oblique	مَیدان (maidān)	مَیدانوں (maidānõ)
vocative	مَیدان (maidān)	مَیدانو (maidāno)

Further reading

• “میدان”, in اُردُو لُغَت (urdū luġat) (in Urdu), Ministry of Education: Government of Pakistan, 2017.
• “میدان”, in ریخْتَہ لُغَت (rexta luġat) - Rekhta Dictionary [Urdu dictionary with meanings in Hindi & English], Noida, India: Rekhta Foundation, 2025.
• Qureshi, Bashir Ahmad (1971), “میدان”, in Kitabistan's 20th Century Standard Dictionary‎, Lahore: Kitabistan Pub. Co.
• Platts, John T. (1884), “میدان”, in A dictionary of Urdu, classical Hindi, and English, London: W. H. Allen & Co.
• S. W. Fallon (1879), “میدان”, in A New Hindustani-English Dictionary, Banaras, London: Trubner and Co.
• John Shakespear (1834), “میدان”, in A dictionary, Hindustani and English: with a copious index, fitting the work to serve, also, as a dictionary of English and Hindustani, 3^rd edition, London: J.L. Cox and Son, →OCLC