ܗܝܟܠܐ

Assyrian Neo-Aramaic

Etymology

Inherited from Aramaic הֵיכְלָא (hēḵəlā), from Akkadian 𒂍𒃲 (ēkallum, “palace, temple”), from Sumerian 𒂍𒃲 (e₂-gal); compare Arabic هَيْكَل (haykal), Hebrew הֵיכָל (heikhál) and Ugaritic 𐎅𐎋𐎍 (hkl /⁠hêkal⁠/).

Pronunciation

• (Standard) IPA^(key): [hajk(ə)laː]
• (Nineveh Plains) IPA^(key): [hajɪkla]
• (Urmia) IPA^(key): [het͡ʃə.laː]

Noun

ܗܲܝܟܠܵܐ • (hayklā) m sg (plural ܗܲܝܟܠܹ̈ܐ (hayklē))

1. temple
2. shrine, holy place
3. (architecture) nave, church
4. (anatomy) physique, frame
5. (obsolete) palace

   Synonyms: ܒܝܼܪܬܵܐ (bīrtā), ܩܲܨܪܵܐ (qaṣrā), ܒܹܝܬ݂ ܡܲܠܟܵܐ (bēṯ malkā)

Inflection

Inflection of ܗܲܝܟܠܵܐ

	isolated forms			with possessive pronouns
	state	form		person	singular		plural
					m	f
singular	absolute	ܗܲܝܟܲܠ (haykal)		1st person	ܗܲܝܟܠܝܼ (hayklī)		ܗܲܝܟܠܲܢ (haykullan)
	construct	ܗܲܝܟܲܠ (haykal)		2nd person	ܗܲܝܟܠܘܼܟ݂ (hayklōḵ)	ܗܲܝܟܠܵܟ݂ܝ (haykullāḵ)	ܗܲܝܟܠܲܘܟ݂ܘܿܢ (hayklawḵōn)
	emphatic	ܗܲܝܟܠܵܐ (hayklā)		3rd person	ܗܲܝܟܠܹܗ (haykullēh)	ܗܲܝܟܠܵܗ̇ (haykullāh)	ܗܲܝܟܠܗܘܿܢ (haykullhōn)
plural	absolute	ܗܲܝܟܠܝܼ̈ܢ (hayklīn)		1st person	ܗܲܝܟܠܝܼ̈ (hayklī)		ܗܲܝܟܠܲܢ̈ (hayklan)
	construct	ܗܲܝܟܠܲܝ̈ (hayklay)		2nd person	ܗܲܝܟܠܘܼ̈ܟ݂ (hayklōḵ)	ܗܲܝܟܠܵܟ݂ܝ̈ (hayklāḵ)	ܗܲܝܟܠܲܘ̈ܟ݂ܘܿܢ (hayklawḵōn)
	emphatic	ܗܲܝܟܠܹ̈ܐ (hayklē)		3rd person	ܗܲܝܟܠܘܼ̈ܗܝ (hayklūh)	ܗܲܝܟܠܘܼ̈ܗ̇ (hayklōh)	ܗܲܝܟܠܲܝ̈ܗܘܿܢ (hayklayhōn)

Derived terms

• ܗܲܝܟܠܘܼܬ݂ܵܐ (hayklūṯā, “dwelling in a temple”)
• ܗܲܝܟܠܘܿܢܵܐ (hayklōnā, “small temple”)
• ܗܲܝܟܠܵܝܵܐ (hayklāyā, “belonging to a temple”)
• ܡܗܲܝܟܠܵܢܵܐ (mhayklānā, “one consecrated with a temple”)

Classical Syriac

Etymology

Probably from Akkadian 𒂍𒃲 (ēkallum, “palace, temple”), from Sumerian 𒂍𒃲 (e₂-gal); compare Arabic هَيْكَل (haykal), Hebrew הֵיכָל (hêḵāl), Ugaritic 𐎅𐎋𐎍 (hkl /⁠hêkal⁠/).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [hajk(ə)lɑ] (singular)
• IPA^(key): [hajk(ə)le] (plural)

Noun

ܗܝܟܠܐ • (transliteration needed) m (plural ܗܝܟܠܐ)

1. palace
2. temple
3. church
4. (architecture) nave
5. shrine, holy place

Inflection

Inflection of ܗܝܟܠܐ

	isolated forms			with possessive pronouns
	state	form		person	singular		plural
					m	f	m	f
singular	absolute	ܗܝܟܠ		1st person	ܗܝܟܠܝ		ܗܝܟܠܢ
	construct	ܗܝܟܠ		2nd person	ܗܝܟܠܟ	ܗܝܟܠܟܝ	ܗܝܟܠܟܘܢ	ܗܝܟܠܟܝܢ
	emphatic	ܗܝܟܠܐ		3rd person	ܗܝܟܠܗ	ܗܝܟܠܗ	ܗܝܟܠܗܘܢ	ܗܝܟܠܗܝܢ
plural	absolute	ܗܝܟܠܝܢ		1st person	ܗܝܟܠܝ		ܗܝܟܠܝܢ
	construct	ܗܝܟܠܝ		2nd person	ܗܝܟܠܝܟ	ܗܝܟܠܝܟܝ	ܗܝܟܠܝܟܘܢ	ܗܝܟܠܝܟܝܢ
	emphatic	ܗܝܟܠܐ		3rd person	ܗܝܟܠܘܗܝ	ܗܝܟܠܝܗ	ܗܝܟܠܝܗܘܢ	ܗܝܟܠܝܗܝܢ

Derived terms

• ܗܝܟܠܘܢܐ
• ܗܝܟܠܘܬܐ

Descendants

• → Sogdian: 𐼳𐼷𐼸𐽄𐼰 (hyklʾ /⁠heykala⁠/, “nave”)

References

• “hykl”, in The Comprehensive Aramaic Lexicon Project, Cincinnati: Hebrew Union College, 1986–, retrieved 12 September 2011
• Costaz, Louis (2002), Dictionnaire syriaque-français ∙ Syriac–English Dictionary ∙ قاموس سرياني-عربي, 3rd edition, Beirut: Dar El-Machreq, page 76b
• Payne Smith, Jessie (1903), A Compendious Syriac Dictionary Founded Upon the Thesaurus Syriacus of R. Payne Smith, D.D., Oxford: Clarendon Press, pages 103a–b
• Sokoloff, Michael (2009), A Syriac Lexicon: A Translation from the Latin, Correction, Expansion, and Update of C. Brockelmann's Lexicon Syriacum, Winona Lake, Indiana; Piscataway, New Jersey: Eisenbrauns; Gorgias Press, →ISBN, pages 340b–341a