ܣܡܠܐ

Assyrian Neo-Aramaic

Etymology

Root
ܣ ܡ ܠ (s m l)
4 terms

Inherited from Aramaic סְמָלָא (səmālā), from Proto-Semitic *śimaʔl-; compare Arabic شِمَال (šimāl), Hebrew שְׂמֹאל (s'mól), Akkadian 𒆏 (šumēlum), and Ugaritic 𐎌𐎎𐎀𐎍 (šmảl). The third definition is a semantic loan from English left.

Pronunciation

• (Standard) IPA^(key): [sɪmmɑːlɑː]

Noun

ܣܸܡܵܠܵܐ • (simmālā) f sg (plural ܣܸ̈ܡܵܠ݂ܹܐ)

1. (uncountable) left (direction)

   Synonym: ܟ̰ܲܦܹܐ (čappē)

2. (anatomy) left hand
   • c. 2014, ܕܝܬܩܐ ܚܕܬܐ ܕܡܪܢ ܝܫܘܥ ܡܫܝܚܐ ܘܡܙܡܘܪ̈ܐ ܒܠܫܢܐ ܐܬܘܪܝܐ, Aramaic Bible Translation, Inc., Matthew 6:3:

     ܐܝܼܢܵܐ ܐܲܢ݇ܬ، ܐܝܼܡܲܢ ܕܥܵܒ݂ܕ݂ܹܬ ܐܸܪܘܵܢܵܐ، ܠܵܐ ܫܵܒ݂ܩܹܬ ܣܸܡܵܠܘܼܟ݂ ܝܵܕ݂ܥܵܐ ܡܵܐ ܝܠܵܗ̇ ܒܸܥܒ݂ܵܕ݂ܵܐ ܝܲܡܝܼܢܘܼܟ݂،

     īnā at, īman d-ˁāḇḏēt irwānā, lā šāḇqēt simmālōḵ yāḏˁā mā ìlāh biˁḇāḏā yamīnōḵ,

     But when you do a charitable deed, do not let your left hand know what your right hand is doing,

3. (by extension) small bundle of grass or produce (held in the left hand during harvesting)
4. (politics, modern) left, left-wing

Inflection

Inflection of ܣܸܡܵܠܵܐ

	isolated forms			with possessive pronouns
	state	form		person	singular		plural
					m	f
singular	absolute	ܣܸܡܵܠ (simmāl)		1st person	ܣܸܡܵܠܝܼ (simmālī)		ܣܸܡܵܠܲܢ (simmālan)
	construct	ܣܸܡܵܠ (simmāl)		2nd person	ܣܸܡܵܠܘܼܟ݂ (simmālōḵ)	ܣܸܡܵܠܵܟ݂ܝ (simmālāḵ)	ܣܸܡܵܠܲܘܟ݂ܘܿܢ (simmālawḵōn)
	emphatic	ܣܸܡܵܠܵܐ (simmālā)		3rd person	ܣܸܡܵܠܹܗ (simmālēh)	ܣܸܡܵܠܵܗ̇ (simmālāh)	ܣܸܡܵܠܗܘܿܢ (simmālhōn)
plural	absolute	ܣܸܡܵܠܝܼ̈ܢ (simmālīn)		1st person	ܣܸܡܵܠܝܼ̈ (simmālī)		ܣܸܡܵܠܲܢ̈ (simmālan)
	construct	ܣܸܡܵܠܲܝ̈ (simmālay)		2nd person	ܣܸܡܵܠܘܼ̈ܟ݂ (simmālōḵ)	ܣܸܡܵܠܵܟ݂ܝ̈ (simmālāḵ)	ܣܸܡܵܠܲܘ̈ܟ݂ܘܿܢ (simmālawḵōn)
	emphatic	ܣܸ̈ܡܵܠܹܐ (simmālē)		3rd person	ܣܸܡܵܠܘܼ̈ܗܝ (simmālūh)	ܣܸܡܵܠܘܼ̈ܗ̇ (simmālōh)	ܣܸܡܵܠܲܝ̈ܗܘܿܢ (simmālayhōn)

Antonyms

• ܝܲܡܝܼܢܵܐ (yamīnā)

Derived terms

• ܒܲܪ ܣܸܡܵܠܵܐ (bar simmālā, “demon, unfortunate one”)
• ܡܣܘܼܡܠܵܐ (msumlā, “left-handed”)
• ܣܸܡܵܠܵܐܝܼܬ݂ (simmālāˀīṯ, “on the left, unfortunately”)
• ܣܸܡܵܠܵܝܵܐ (simmālāyā, “leftist”)
• ܣܸܡܹܝܠܹܐ (simmēlē, “Simele”)

Classical Syriac

Etymology

Compare Arabic شِمَال (šimāl) and Hebrew שְׂמֹאל (śəmōl).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [sɛmmɑlɑ] (singular)
• IPA^(key): [sɛmmɑle] (plural)

Noun

ܣܡܠܐ • (transliteration needed) f (plural ܣܡܠܐ)

1. left (direction)
2. (anatomy) left hand

Inflection

Inflection of ܣܡܠܐ

	isolated forms			with possessive pronouns
	state	form		person	singular		plural
					m	f	m	f
singular	absolute	ܣܡܠ		1st person	ܣܡܠܝ		ܣܡܠܢ
	construct	ܣܡܠ		2nd person	ܣܡܠܟ	ܣܡܠܟܝ	ܣܡܠܟܘܢ	ܣܡܠܟܝܢ
	emphatic	ܣܡܠܐ		3rd person	ܣܡܠܗ	ܣܡܠܗ	ܣܡܠܗܘܢ	ܣܡܠܗܝܢ
plural	absolute	ܣܡܠܝܢ		1st person	ܣܡܠܝ		ܣܡܠܝܢ
	construct	ܣܡܠܝ		2nd person	ܣܡܠܝܟ	ܣܡܠܝܟܝ	ܣܡܠܝܟܘܢ	ܣܡܠܝܟܝܢ
	emphatic	ܣܡܠܐ		3rd person	ܣܡܠܘܗܝ	ܣܡܠܝܗ	ܣܡܠܝܗܘܢ	ܣܡܠܝܗܝܢ

Antonyms

• ܝܡܝܢܐ

Derived terms

• ܒܪ ܣܡܠܐ
• ܡܣܡܠܐ
• ܣܡܠܐܝܬ
• ܣܡܠܝܐ
• ܣܡܠܝܘܬܐ
• ܣܡܠܬܢܝܐ

References

• “smˀl”, in The Comprehensive Aramaic Lexicon Project, Cincinnati: Hebrew Union College, 1986–
• Costaz, Louis (2002), Dictionnaire syriaque-français ∙ Syriac–English Dictionary ∙ قاموس سرياني-عربي, 3rd edition, Beirut: Dar El-Machreq, page 231a
• Payne Smith, Jessie (1903), A Compendious Syriac Dictionary Founded Upon the Thesaurus Syriacus of R. Payne Smith, D.D., Oxford: Clarendon Press, page 381b
• Sokoloff, Michael (2009), A Syriac Lexicon: A Translation from the Latin, Correction, Expansion, and Update of C. Brockelmann's Lexicon Syriacum, Winona Lake, Indiana, Piscataway, New Jersey: Eisenbrauns; Gorgias Press, →ISBN, page 1020a