दुस्-

See also: दस, दास, दासी, दिस, दीस, देस, देसी, दोस्, and दोस

Sanskrit

Alternative forms

• दुः- (duḥ-) — before श्, ष्, स् (ś, ṣ, s) and rarely before क्, ख्, प्, फ् (k, kh, p, ph)
  • दुᳶ- (duf-) — (upadhmānīya) optionally before प्, फ् (p, ph)
  • दुᳵ- (dux-) — (jihvāmūlīya) optionally before क्, ख् (k, kh)
• दुर्- (dur-) — before vowels and voiced consonants
• दुश्- (duś-) — before च्, छ् (c, ch) and rarely before श् (ś)
• दुष्- (duṣ-) — before क्, ख्, प्, फ् (k, kh, p, ph) and rarely before ष् (ṣ); in older language also before त्, थ् (t, th) which become ट्, ठ् (ṭ, ṭh)
• दू- (dū-) — before र् (r) and sometimes before द्, ध्, न् (d, dh, n), which become ड्, ढ्, ण् (ḍ, ḍh, ṇ)

Alternative scripts

Alternative scripts

• দুস্- (Assamese script)
• ᬤᬸᬲ᭄- (Balinese script)
• দুস্- (Bengali script)
• 𑰟𑰲𑰭𑰿- (Bhaiksuki script)
• 𑀤𑀼𑀲𑁆- (Brahmi script)
• ဒုသ်- (Burmese script)
• દુસ્- (Gujarati script)
• ਦੁਸ੍- (Gurmukhi script)
• 𑌦𑍁𑌸𑍍- (Grantha script)
• ꦢꦸꦱ꧀- (Javanese script)
• 𑂠𑂳𑂮𑂹- (Kaithi script)
• ದುಸ್- (Kannada script)
• ទុស៑- (Khmer script)
• ທຸສ຺- (Lao script)
• ദുസ്- (Malayalam script)
• ᡩᡠᠰ᠌᠊ (Manchu script)
• 𑘟𑘳𑘭𑘿- (Modi script)
• ᢑᠤᠰ᠊ (Mongolian script)
• 𑦿𑧔𑧍𑧠- (Nandinagari script)
• 𑐡𑐸𑐳𑑂- (Newa script)
• ଦୁସ୍- (Odia script)
• ꢣꢸꢱ꣄- (Saurashtra script)
• 𑆢𑆶𑆱𑇀- (Sharada script)
• 𑖟𑖲𑖭𑖿- (Siddham script)
• දුස්- (Sinhalese script)
• 𑩭𑩒𑪁 𑪙- (Soyombo script)
• 𑚛𑚰𑚨𑚶- (Takri script)
• து³ஸ்- (Tamil script)
• దుస్- (Telugu script)
• ทุสฺ- (Thai script)
• དུ་ས྄- (Tibetan script)
• 𑒠𑒳𑒮𑓂- (Tirhuta script)
• 𑨛𑨃𑨰𑨴- (Zanabazar Square script)

Etymology

Etymology tree

Proto-Indo-European *dews-?

Proto-Indo-European *dus-

Proto-Indo-Iranian *duš-

Sanskrit दुस्- (dus-)

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *duš-, from Proto-Indo-European *dus-. Cognate with Ancient Greek δυσ- (dus-, “hard, difficult”), Old Armenian տ- (t-, a negative prefix), Avestan 𐬛𐬎𐬱- (duš-), Gothic 𐍄𐌿𐌶- (tuz-); Old Irish do-.

Pronunciation

• (Vedic) IPA^(key): /dus/
• (Classical Sanskrit) IPA^(key): /d̪us̪/

Prefix

दुस्- • (dus-)

1. ill-, mal-
2. badly, hardly; slight, inferior, etc., often = English in- or un-.

   ‎दुस्- (dus-) + ‎कर्म (karma, “act, action”) → ‎दुष्कर्म (duṣkarma, “evil act”)

Antonyms

• सु- (su-)

Derived terms

Sanskrit terms prefixed with दुस्-

दुरित

दुर्ग

दुर्गन्ध

दुर्जन

दुर्दान्त

दुर्बल

दुर्भिक्ष

दुर्मति

दुर्मनस्

दुःस्पृष्ट

दुःस्वप्न

References

• Monier Williams (1899), “दुस्-”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 488/1.
• Mayrhofer, Manfred (1992), Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan]‎ (in German), volume 1, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, pages 735-6