हिम

See also: ह्म, हम, and हामी

Hindi

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हिम

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Etymology

Borrowed from Sanskrit हिम (himá), from Proto-Indo-Iranian *ȷ́ʰimás, from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰimós (“cold, frost”). Doublet of हिँव (hĩv), a tadbhava.

Pronunciation

• (Delhi) IPA^(key): /ɦɪm/, [ɦɪ̃m]

Noun

हिम • (him) m (Urdu spelling ہم)

1. snow, ice, frost

   Synonym: बर्फ़ (barf)

   अगला हिम युग कब आएगा इसका सटीक आकलन फिलहाल नहीं किया जा सका है।

   aglā him yug kab āegā iskā saṭīk āklan philhāl nahī̃ kiyā jā sakā hai.

   Currently, we cannot accurately estimate when the next ice age will arrive.

Declension

Declension of हिम (masc cons-stem)

	singular	plural
direct	हिम him	हिम him
oblique	हिम him	हिमों himõ
vocative	हिम him	हिमो himo

Derived terms

• हिमकंदुक (himkanduk, “snowball”)
• हिमतेंदुआ (himtenduā, “snow leopard”)
• हिमनदी (himandī, “glacier, ice-river”)
• हिमपात (himpāt, “snowfall”)
• हिममानव (himmānav, “snowman”)
• हिमलंब (himlamb, “icicle”)
• हिमवंत (himvant, “snow-like, bright”)
• हिमशिखर (himśikhar, “ice-cap”)
• हिमशैल (himśail, “iceberg”)
• हिमांक (himāṅk, “freezing point”)
• हिमांशु (himāñśu, “moon”)
• हिमाचल (himācal, “land of snow-clad mountains”)
• हिमाद्रि (himādri, “snow peak”)
• हिमानि (himāni, “fjord”)
• हिमालय (himālay, “abode of snow”)
• हिमेश (himeś, “lord of snow”)

References

• Caturvedi, Mahendra; Bhola Nath Tiwari (1970), “हिम”, in A practical Hindi-English dictionary, Delhi: National Publishing House

Pali

Alternative forms

Alternative scripts

• hima (Latin script)
• 𑀳𑀺𑀫 (Brahmi script)
• হিম (Bengali script)
• හිම (Sinhalese script)
• ဟိမ or ႁိမ (Burmese script)
• หิม or หิมะ (Thai script)
• ᩉᩥᨾ (Tai Tham script)
• ຫິມ or ຫິມະ (Lao script)
• ហិម (Khmer script)
• 𑄦𑄨𑄟 (Chakma script)

Noun

हिम n

1. Devanagari script form of hima (“snow”)

Declension

Declension table of "हिम" (neuter)

Case \ Number	Singular	Plural
Nominative (first)	हिमं (himaṃ)	हिमानि (himāni)
Accusative (second)	हिमं (himaṃ)	हिमानि (himāni)
Instrumental (third)	हिमेन (himena)	हिमेहि (himehi) or हिमेभि (himebhi)
Dative (fourth)	हिमस्स (himassa) or हिमाय (himāya) or हिमत्थं (himatthaṃ)	हिमानं (himānaṃ)
Ablative (fifth)	हिमस्मा (himasmā) or हिमम्हा (himamhā) or हिमा (himā)	हिमेहि (himehi) or हिमेभि (himebhi)
Genitive (sixth)	हिमस्स (himassa)	हिमानं (himānaṃ)
Locative (seventh)	हिमस्मिं (himasmiṃ) or हिमम्हि (himamhi) or हिमे (hime)	हिमेसु (himesu)
Vocative (calling)	हिम (hima)	हिमानि (himāni)

Sanskrit

Alternative scripts

Alternative scripts

• হিম (Assamese script)
• ᬳᬶᬫ (Balinese script)
• হিম (Bengali script)
• 𑰮𑰰𑰦 (Bhaiksuki script)
• 𑀳𑀺𑀫 (Brahmi script)
• ဟိမ (Burmese script)
• હિમ (Gujarati script)
• ਹਿਮ (Gurmukhi script)
• 𑌹𑌿𑌮 (Grantha script)
• ꦲꦶꦩ (Javanese script)
• 𑂯𑂱𑂧 (Kaithi script)
• ಹಿಮ (Kannada script)
• ហិម (Khmer script)
• ຫິມ (Lao script)
• ഹിമ (Malayalam script)
• ᡥᡳᠮᠠ (Manchu script)
• 𑘮𑘱𑘦 (Modi script)
• ᠾᠢᠮᠠ᠋ (Mongolian script)
• 𑧎𑧒𑧆 (Nandinagari script)
• 𑐴𑐶𑐩 (Newa script)
• ହିମ (Odia script)
• ꢲꢶꢪ (Saurashtra script)
• 𑆲𑆴𑆩 (Sharada script)
• 𑖮𑖰𑖦 (Siddham script)
• හිම (Sinhalese script)
• 𑪂𑩑𑩴 (Soyombo script)
• 𑚩𑚮𑚢 (Takri script)
• ஹிம (Tamil script)
• హిమ (Telugu script)
• หิม (Thai script)
• ཧི་མ (Tibetan script)
• 𑒯𑒱𑒧 (Tirhuta script)
• 𑨱𑨁𑨢 (Zanabazar Square script)

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Indo-Aryan *źʰimás, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *ȷ́ʰimás, from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰimós (“cold, frost”). Cognate with Avestan 𐬰𐬌𐬌𐬃 (ziiā̊), Ashkun žím, Kamkata-viri źím, Waigali zim, Ancient Greek χεῖμα (kheîma), Hittite 𒄀𒈠𒀭 (giman), Latin hiems, Lithuanian žiema, Old Church Slavonic зима (zima).

Pronunciation

• (Vedic) IPA^(key): /ɦi.mɐ́/
• (Classical Sanskrit) IPA^(key): /ɦi.mɐ/

Noun

हिम • (himá) stem, m

1. cold, frost
2. the cold season, winter

Declension

Masculine a-stem declension of हिम

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	हिमः (himáḥ)	हिमौ (himáu) हिमा¹ (himā́¹)	हिमाः (himā́ḥ) हिमासः¹ (himā́saḥ¹)
accusative	हिमम् (himám)	हिमौ (himáu) हिमा¹ (himā́¹)	हिमान् (himā́n)
instrumental	हिमेन (hiména)	हिमाभ्याम् (himā́bhyām)	हिमैः (himáiḥ) हिमेभिः¹ (himébhiḥ¹)
dative	हिमाय (himā́ya)	हिमाभ्याम् (himā́bhyām)	हिमेभ्यः (himébhyaḥ)
ablative	हिमात् (himā́t)	हिमाभ्याम् (himā́bhyām)	हिमेभ्यः (himébhyaḥ)
genitive	हिमस्य (himásya)	हिमयोः (himáyoḥ)	हिमानाम् (himā́nām)
locative	हिमे (himé)	हिमयोः (himáyoḥ)	हिमेषु (himéṣu)
vocative	हिम (híma)	हिमौ (hímau) हिमा¹ (hímā¹)	हिमाः (hímāḥ) हिमासः¹ (hímāsaḥ¹)

• ¹Vedic

Noun

हिम • (himá) stem, n

1. frost, hoarfrost, snow (rarely "ice")
2. sandalwood (of cooling properties)

See also

Seasons in Sanskrit · ऋतवः (ṛtavaḥ) (layout · text) · category
कुसुमाकर (kusumākara, “spring”)	ग्रीष्म (grīṣma, “summer”)	शरद् (śarad, “autumn”)	हिम (hima, “winter”)

Declension

Neuter a-stem declension of हिम

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	हिमम् (himám)	हिमे (himé)	हिमानि (himā́ni) हिमा¹ (himā́¹)
accusative	हिमम् (himám)	हिमे (himé)	हिमानि (himā́ni) हिमा¹ (himā́¹)
instrumental	हिमेन (hiména)	हिमाभ्याम् (himā́bhyām)	हिमैः (himáiḥ) हिमेभिः¹ (himébhiḥ¹)
dative	हिमाय (himā́ya)	हिमाभ्याम् (himā́bhyām)	हिमेभ्यः (himébhyaḥ)
ablative	हिमात् (himā́t)	हिमाभ्याम् (himā́bhyām)	हिमेभ्यः (himébhyaḥ)
genitive	हिमस्य (himásya)	हिमयोः (himáyoḥ)	हिमानाम् (himā́nām)
locative	हिमे (himé)	हिमयोः (himáyoḥ)	हिमेषु (himéṣu)
vocative	हिम (híma)	हिमे (híme)	हिमानि (hímāni) हिमा¹ (hímā¹)

• ¹Vedic

Derived terms

• हिमाचल (himācala)

Borrowed terms

• → Hindi: हिम (him)
• → Kannada: ಹಿಮ (hima)
• → Santali: ᱦᱤᱢ (him)
• → Tamil: இமம் (imam)
• → Telugu: హిమము (himamu)
• → Thai: หิมะ (hì-má)

Descendants

• Dardic:
  • Gawar-Bati: ہم (hīm)
  • Indus Kohistani: [script needed] (hī̃)
  • Grangali: [script needed] (im)
  • Kalami: ہم (him)
  • Kashmiri: [script needed] (himun, “to snow”)
  • Khowar: ہیم (him)
  • Northeast Pashayi: ہم (hīm)
  • Northwest Pashayi: ہم (hīm)
  • Southeast Pashayi: ہم (hīm)
  • Southwest Pashayi: ہم (hīm)
  • Savi: [script needed] (hina)
  • Shina: ہم (him)
  • Shumashti: [script needed] (īm)
  • Torwali: ہم (him)
  • Wotapuri-Katarqalai: [script needed] (īm)
• Helu Prakrit:
  • Sinhalese: හිම (hima)
• Khasa Prakrit:
  • Nepali: हिउँ (hiũ)
• Maharastri Prakrit: 𑀳𑀺𑀫 (hima)
  • Konkani: इंव (ĩv)
  • Marathi: हिंव (hiuva)
• Pali: hima
• Paisaci Prakrit:
  • Punjabi: ਹਿਓ (hio)
• Sauraseni Prakrit: 𑀳𑀺𑀫 (hima)
  • Garhwali: हिउँ (hiũ)
  • Hindi: हिँव (hĩv)
  • Kumaoni: हिउँ (hiũ)
  • Romani: iv

Adjective

हिम • (himá) stem

1. cold, cool

Declension

Masculine a-stem declension of हिम

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	हिमः (himáḥ)	हिमौ (himáu) हिमा¹ (himā́¹)	हिमाः (himā́ḥ) हिमासः¹ (himā́saḥ¹)
accusative	हिमम् (himám)	हिमौ (himáu) हिमा¹ (himā́¹)	हिमान् (himā́n)
instrumental	हिमेन (hiména)	हिमाभ्याम् (himā́bhyām)	हिमैः (himáiḥ) हिमेभिः¹ (himébhiḥ¹)
dative	हिमाय (himā́ya)	हिमाभ्याम् (himā́bhyām)	हिमेभ्यः (himébhyaḥ)
ablative	हिमात् (himā́t)	हिमाभ्याम् (himā́bhyām)	हिमेभ्यः (himébhyaḥ)
genitive	हिमस्य (himásya)	हिमयोः (himáyoḥ)	हिमानाम् (himā́nām)
locative	हिमे (himé)	हिमयोः (himáyoḥ)	हिमेषु (himéṣu)
vocative	हिम (híma)	हिमौ (hímau) हिमा¹ (hímā¹)	हिमाः (hímāḥ) हिमासः¹ (hímāsaḥ¹)

• ¹Vedic

Feminine ā-stem declension of हिमा

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	हिमा (himā́)	हिमे (himé)	हिमाः (himā́ḥ)
accusative	हिमाम् (himā́m)	हिमे (himé)	हिमाः (himā́ḥ)
instrumental	हिमया (himáyā) हिमा¹ (himā́¹)	हिमाभ्याम् (himā́bhyām)	हिमाभिः (himā́bhiḥ)
dative	हिमायै (himā́yai)	हिमाभ्याम् (himā́bhyām)	हिमाभ्यः (himā́bhyaḥ)
ablative	हिमायाः (himā́yāḥ) हिमायै² (himā́yai²)	हिमाभ्याम् (himā́bhyām)	हिमाभ्यः (himā́bhyaḥ)
genitive	हिमायाः (himā́yāḥ) हिमायै² (himā́yai²)	हिमयोः (himáyoḥ)	हिमानाम् (himā́nām)
locative	हिमायाम् (himā́yām)	हिमयोः (himáyoḥ)	हिमासु (himā́su)
vocative	हिमे (híme)	हिमे (híme)	हिमाः (hímāḥ)

• ¹Vedic
• ²Brāhmaṇas

Neuter a-stem declension of हिम

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	हिमम् (himám)	हिमे (himé)	हिमानि (himā́ni) हिमा¹ (himā́¹)
accusative	हिमम् (himám)	हिमे (himé)	हिमानि (himā́ni) हिमा¹ (himā́¹)
instrumental	हिमेन (hiména)	हिमाभ्याम् (himā́bhyām)	हिमैः (himáiḥ) हिमेभिः¹ (himébhiḥ¹)
dative	हिमाय (himā́ya)	हिमाभ्याम् (himā́bhyām)	हिमेभ्यः (himébhyaḥ)
ablative	हिमात् (himā́t)	हिमाभ्याम् (himā́bhyām)	हिमेभ्यः (himébhyaḥ)
genitive	हिमस्य (himásya)	हिमयोः (himáyoḥ)	हिमानाम् (himā́nām)
locative	हिमे (himé)	हिमयोः (himáyoḥ)	हिमेषु (himéṣu)
vocative	हिम (híma)	हिमे (híme)	हिमानि (hímāni) हिमा¹ (hímā¹)

• ¹Vedic

Related terms

• हेमन् (heman)
• हेमन्त (hemanta)

References

• Monier Williams (1899), “हिम”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 1298/3.
• Mayrhofer, Manfred (1996), Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan]‎ (in German), volume 2, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, pages 815-6
• Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985), “himá”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press