ῥόμβος

See also: ρόμβος

Ancient Greek

FWOTD – 11 December 2018

Alternative forms

• ῥύμβος (rhúmbos) — Attic

Etymology

From ῥέμβω (rhémbō, “I turn”).

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /r̥óm.bos/ → /ˈrom.bos/ → /ˈrom.bos/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /r̥óm.bos/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /ˈrom.bos/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /ˈrom.bos/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /ˈrom.bos/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /ˈrom.bos/

Noun

ῥόμβος • (rhómbos) m (genitive ῥόμβου); second declension

1. (religion) bullroarer, an instrument whirled on the end of a string
2. anything which may be turned or spun
3. top (toy)
4. magical wheel used by magicians
5. (music) type of tambourine
6. penis
7. a spinning motion
8. (geometry) rhombus
   • 350 BCE – 250 BCE, Euclid, Elements 1:

     ῥόμβος δέ, ὃ ἰσόπλευρον μέν, οὐκ ὀρθογώνιον δέ

     rhómbos dé, hò isópleuron mén, ouk orthogṓnion dé

     a rhombus is that which is equilateral but not right-angled

9. type of fish including the turbot and brill
10. (medicine) a surgeon's bandage

Declension

Second declension of ὁ ῥόμβος; τοῦ ῥόμβου (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ὁ ῥόμβος ho rhómbos	τὼ ῥόμβω tṑ rhómbō	οἱ ῥόμβοι hoi rhómboi
Genitive	τοῦ ῥόμβου toû rhómbou	τοῖν ῥόμβοιν toîn rhómboin	τῶν ῥόμβων tôn rhómbōn
Dative	τῷ ῥόμβῳ tōî rhómbōi	τοῖν ῥόμβοιν toîn rhómboin	τοῖς ῥόμβοις toîs rhómbois
Accusative	τὸν ῥόμβον tòn rhómbon	τὼ ῥόμβω tṑ rhómbō	τοὺς ῥόμβους toùs rhómbous
Vocative	ῥόμβε rhómbe	ῥόμβω rhómbō	ῥόμβοι rhómboi
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Derived terms

• ῥομβοειδής (rhomboeidḗs)

Descendants

• → Greek: ρόμβος (rómvos) (learned)
• → Latin: rhombus (see there for further descendants)
• → Old Armenian: ռումբ (ṙumb) (possibly)
• → Georgian: რუმბი (rumbi) (possibly)
• → Russian: ромб m (romb)

Further reading

• “ῥόμβος”, in Liddell & Scott (1940), A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “ῥόμβος”, in Liddell & Scott (1889), An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
• ῥόμβος in Bailly, Anatole (1935), Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
• “ῥόμβος”, in Slater, William J. (1969), Lexicon to Pindar, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter