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縣
From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
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Translingual
Han character
縣 (Kangxi radical 120, 糸+10, 16 strokes, cangjie input 月火竹女火 (BFHVF), four-corner 62993, composition ⿰⿱⿴𠀃三小系(GT) or ⿰県系(HJK))
Derived characters
Descendants
References
- Kangxi Dictionary: page 934, character 23
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 27784
- Dae Jaweon: page 1373, character 8
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 5, page 3435, character 11
- Unihan data for U+7E23
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Chinese
Glyph origin
Shuowen: Ideogrammic compound (會意 / 会意): 𥄉 + 系 – to hang 系 by the head 𥄉 (hair hanging down).
Original form of 懸. Originally in bronze and bamboo slip scripts, Ideogrammic compound (會意 / 会意): 目 + 木 + 糸 - to hang with the string 糸 by the head 目 (using an eye to represent a head) on a tree 木. In Qin bamboo slip scripts, some of 目 + 木 were corrupted to 県 (with one straight horizontal line rather than 𠃊) which interpreted to a reversed 首 head by Shuowen, and 糸 was corrupted to 系.
Etymology 1
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- (Standard)
- (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): xian4
- (Xi'an, Guanzhong Pinyin): xiān
- (Nanjing, Nanjing Pinyin): xiēn
- (Dungan, Cyrillic and Wiktionary): щян (xi͡an, III)
- Cantonese
- (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): jyun6 / jyun6-2
- (Dongguan, Jyutping++): joen3
- (Taishan, Wiktionary): yon5 / yon5*
- Gan (Wiktionary): xien5
- Hakka
- Jin (Wiktionary): xie3
- Northern Min (KCR): gṳ̄ing
- Eastern Min (BUC): gâing
- Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): ge5 / ginn5 / genn5 / hoeng5 / hyoeng5 / hieng5
- Southern Min
- Southern Pinghua (Nanning, Jyutping++): jyun6
- Wu (Wugniu)
- Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): xienn5 / xienn4
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin: xiàn
- Zhuyin: ㄒㄧㄢˋ
- Tongyong Pinyin: siàn
- Wade–Giles: hsien4
- Yale: syàn
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shiann
- Palladius: сянь (sjanʹ)
- Sinological IPA (key): /ɕi̯ɛn⁵¹/
- (Chengdu)
- Sichuanese Pinyin: xian4
- Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: xian
- Sinological IPA (key): /ɕiɛn²¹³/
- (Xi'an)
- Guanzhong Pinyin: xiān
- Sinological IPA (key): /ɕiã⁵⁵/
- (Nanjing)
- Nanjing Pinyin: xiēn
- Nanjing Pinyin (numbered): xien4
- Sinological IPA (key): /ɕiẽ⁴⁴/
- (Dungan)
- Cyrillic and Wiktionary: щян (xi͡an, III)
- Sinological IPA (key): /ɕiæ̃⁴⁴/
- (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: jyun6 / jyun6-2
- Yale: yuhn / yún
- Cantonese Pinyin: jyn6 / jyn6-2
- Guangdong Romanization: yun6 / yun6-2
- Sinological IPA (key): /jyːn²²/, /jyːn²²⁻³⁵/
- (Dongguan, Guancheng)
- Jyutping++: joen3
- Sinological IPA (key): /zøn³²/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
- Wiktionary: yon5 / yon5*
- Sinological IPA (key): /jᵘɔn³²/, /jᵘɔn³²⁻³²⁵/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Gan
- (Nanchang)
- Wiktionary: xien5
- Sinological IPA (key): /ɕiɛn¹¹/
- (Nanchang)
- Hakka
- (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: yen
- Hakka Romanization System: ien
- Hagfa Pinyim: yan4
- Sinological IPA: /i̯en⁵⁵/
- (Southern Sixian, incl. Neipu)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: yan
- Hakka Romanization System: (r)ian
- Hagfa Pinyim: yan4
- Sinological IPA: /(j)i̯an⁵⁵/
- (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
- Hakka Romanization System: rhanˇ
- Sinological IPA: /ʒan¹¹/
- (Meixian)
- (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
- Jin
- (Taiyuan)+
- Wiktionary: xie3
- Sinological IPA (old-style): /ɕie⁴⁵/
- (Taiyuan)+
- Northern Min
- (Jian'ou)
- Kienning Colloquial Romanized: gṳ̄ing
- Sinological IPA (key): /kyiŋ⁵⁵/
- (Jian'ou)
- Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: gâing
- Sinological IPA (key): /kaiŋ²⁴²/
- (Fuzhou)
- Puxian Min
- (Putian, Jiangkou, Nanri)
- Pouseng Ping'ing: ge5
- Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: gā̤ⁿ
- Sinological IPA (key): /ke¹¹/
- (Xianyou, Fengting)
- Pouseng Ping'ing: ginn5
- Sinological IPA (key): /kĩ²¹/
- (Youyang)
- Pouseng Ping'ing: genn5
- Sinological IPA (key): /kẽ²¹/
- (Putian, Jiangkou, Nanri)
- Pouseng Ping'ing: hoeng5
- Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: hē̤ng
- Sinological IPA (key): /hœŋ¹¹/
- (Youyang)
- Pouseng Ping'ing: hoeng5
- Sinological IPA (key): /hœŋ²¹/
- (Xianyou)
- Pouseng Ping'ing: hyoeng5
- Sinological IPA (key): /hyøŋ²¹/
- (Fengting)
- Pouseng Ping'ing: hieng5
- Sinological IPA (key): /hieŋ²¹/
- (Putian, Jiangkou, Nanri)
Note:
- ge5/ginn5/genn5 - vernacular;
- hoeng5/hyoeng5/hieng5 - literary.
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Taipei, Kinmen)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: koāiⁿ
- Tâi-lô: kuāinn
- Phofsit Daibuun: kvoai
- IPA (Xiamen, Kinmen): /kuãi²²/
- IPA (Taipei): /kuãi³³/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou, Jinjiang, Hsinchu)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kūiⁿ
- Tâi-lô: kuīnn
- Phofsit Daibuun: kvui
- IPA (Quanzhou, Jinjiang): /kuĩ⁴¹/
- (Hokkien: Zhangzhou, Kaohsiung, Tainan, Taichung, Sanxia, Yilan, Magong)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: koān
- Tâi-lô: kuān
- Phofsit Daibuun: koan
- IPA (Kaohsiung, Tainan, Yilan): /kuan³³/
- IPA (Zhangzhou): /kuan²²/
- (Hokkien: Lukang)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: koǎn
- Tâi-lô: kuǎn
- IPA (Lukang): /kuan³³/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, Jinjiang, General Taiwanese)
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Taipei, Kinmen)
- koāiⁿ/kūiⁿ/koān - vernacular;
- hiān - literary.
- (Teochew)
- Peng'im: guin7 / guain7
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: kūiⁿ / kuāiⁿ
- Sinological IPA (key): /kũĩ¹¹/, /kũãĩ¹¹/
- (Teochew)
- guai1 - vernacular;
- hieng7 - literary.
- Southern Pinghua
- (Nanning Pinghua, Tingzi)
- Jyutping++: jyun6
- Sinological IPA (key): /jyn²²/
- (Nanning Pinghua, Tingzi)
- Wu
- Xiang
- (Changsha)
- Wiktionary: xienn5 / xienn4
- Sinological IPA (key): /ɕi̯ẽ²¹/, /ɕi̯ẽ⁴⁵/
- (Changsha)
- xienn5 - vernacular;
- xienn4 - literary.
Note:
Note: guain7 - Chaoyang.
Note:
Note:
- Dialectal data
- Middle Chinese: hwenH
- Old Chinese
- (Baxter–Sagart): /*Cə.[ɡ]ʷˤe[n]-s/
- (Zhengzhang): /*ɡʷeːns/
Definitions
縣
- A type of administrative division:
- (historical, in ancient China) district; prefecture
- (in Mainland China) county (third level division that is now generally restricted to rural areas, contrasted with urban districts (區／区 (qū)))
- (in Taiwan) county (first level division that used to be under the jurisdiction of a province but are now directly administered by the central government)
- (in Indonesia) regency
- (in Japan) prefecture
- (in the United States) county (second level division under the jurisdiction of a state, excluding Alaska and Louisiana)
- (in Vietnam) rural district
- (in many cases but not always) county seat (the town which serves as the seat of government of such divisions)
- a surname
See also
Compounds
- 五峰土家族自治縣 / 五峰土家族自治县 (Wǔfēng Tǔjiāzú Zìzhìxiàn)
- 京縣 / 京县
- 他鄉外縣 / 他乡外县
- 倚郭縣 / 倚郭县
- 唐縣 / 唐县 (Táng Xiàn)
- 均縣 / 均县 (Jūnxiàn)
- 外縣 / 外县
- 夫人縣君 / 夫人县君
- 容縣 / 容县 (Róng Xiàn)
- 州縣 / 州县 (zhōuxiàn)
- 庪縣 / 庪县
- 故縣 / 故县 (Gùxiàn)
- 梅縣 / 梅县 (Méi Xiàn)
- 畿縣 / 畿县
- 知縣 / 知县 (zhīxiàn)
- 神州赤縣 / 神州赤县
- 縣丞 / 县丞
- 縣主 / 县主
- 縣尹 / 县尹
- 縣令 / 县令
- 縣佐 / 县佐
- 縣侯 / 县侯
- 縣君 / 县君
- 縣圃 / 县圃
- 縣城 / 县城 (xiànchéng)
- 縣境 / 县境 (xiànjìng)
- 縣太爺 / 县太爷 (xiàntàiyé)
- 縣學 / 县学
- 縣官 / 县官 (xiànguān)
- 縣宰 / 县宰
- 縣尉 / 县尉 (xiànwèi)
- 縣尊 / 县尊
- 縣府 / 县府 (xiànfǔ)
- 縣志 / 县志 (xiànzhì)
- 縣政府 / 县政府 (xiànzhèngfǔ)
- 縣民 / 县民 (xiànmín)
- 縣治 / 县治 (xiànzhì)
- 縣河 / 县河 (Xiànhé)
- 縣界 / 县界 (xiànjiè)
- 縣立 / 县立 (xiànlì)
- 縣議員 / 县议员
- 縣議會 / 县议会
- 縣象 / 县象
- 縣賞 / 县赏
- 縣跂 / 县跂
- 縣轄市 / 县辖市
- 縣道 / 县道 (xiàndào)
- 縣長 / 县长 (xiànzhǎng)
- 肅北蒙古族自治縣 / 肃北蒙古族自治县
- 舊縣 / 旧县 (Jiùxiàn)
- 花縣 / 花县 (Huāxiàn)
- 藤縣 / 藤县 (Téng Xiàn)
- 贛縣 / 赣县 (Gànxiàn)
- 赤縣 / 赤县 (Chìxiàn)
- 赤縣神州 / 赤县神州 (Chìxiàn Shénzhōu)
- 輝縣 / 辉县 (Huīxiàn)
- 郡縣 / 郡县 (jùnxiàn)
- 部縣 / 部县
- 阿克塞哈薩克族自治縣 / 阿克塞哈萨克族自治县 (Ākèsài Hāsàkèzú Zìzhìxiàn)
- 附郭縣 / 附郭县
- 首縣 / 首县
Descendants
Others:
Etymology 2
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin: xuán
- Zhuyin: ㄒㄩㄢˊ
- Tongyong Pinyin: syuán
- Wade–Giles: hsüan2
- Yale: sywán
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shyuan
- Palladius: сюань (sjuanʹ)
- Sinological IPA (key): /ɕy̯ɛn³⁵/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: jyun4
- Yale: yùhn
- Cantonese Pinyin: jyn4
- Guangdong Romanization: yun4
- Sinological IPA (key): /jyːn²¹/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Middle Chinese: hwen
- Old Chinese
- (Baxter–Sagart): /*[ɡ]ʷˤe[n]/
- (Zhengzhang): /*ɡʷeːn/
Definitions
縣
- (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) Alternative form of 懸 / 悬 (xuán, “to hang; to suspend”)
- 不狩不獵，胡瞻爾庭有縣鶉兮？ [Pre-Classical Chinese, trad.]
- From: The Classic of Poetry, c. 11th – 7th centuries BCE, translated based on James Legge's version
- Bù shòu bù liè, hú zhān ěr tíng yǒu xuán chún xī? [Pinyin]
- You do not follow the chase;
— How do we see the quails hanging in your courtyards?
不狩不猎，胡瞻尔庭有县鹑兮？ [Pre-Classical Chinese, simp.]
References
- “縣”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database), 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
- 李如龙 [Li, Ru-long], 刘福铸 [Liu, Fu-zhu], 吴华英 [Wu, Hua-ying], 黄国城 [Huang, Guo-cheng] (2019) “县”, in 莆仙方言调查报告 [Investigation Report on Puxian Dialect] (overall work in Mandarin and Puxian Min), Xiamen University Press, →ISBN, page 230.
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Japanese
| 県 | |
| 縣 |
Kanji
縣
(Jinmeiyō kanji, kyūjitai kanji, shinjitai form 県)
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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Readings
Korean
Hanja
縣 (eumhun 고을 현 (go'eul hyeon))
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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縣 (eumhun 매달 현 (maedal hyeon))
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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Vietnamese
Han character
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