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-is

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary

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See also: Appendix:Variations of "is"

Czech

Pronunciation

Suffix

-is n (noun-forming suffix, indeclinable)

  1. indicates a sharp of a note
    Měl zahrát gis, ale omylem zahrál ais.
    (please add an English translation of this usage example)

Danish

Suffix

-is

  1. indicates the sharp of a note; ♯

Antonyms

Esperanto

Etymology

The Esperanto suffixes -as, -is, -os, -us are related, and appear to have been inspired by previous language projects:

This play of vowels is not an original idea of Zamenhof's: -as, -is, -os are found for the three tenses of the infinitive in Faiguet's system of 1765; -a, -i, -o without a consonant are used like Z's -as, -is, -os by Rudelle (1858); Courtonne in 1885 had -am, -im, -om in the same values, and the similarity with Esperanto is here even more perfect than in the other projects, as -um corresponds to Z's -us. —An International Language (1928)

The vowel of -is is likely cognate with the Latin perfect, as in amavit "s/he had loved", and the corresponding past infinitive amavisse.

Suffix

-is

  1. ending of past tense in verbs, e.g. ami to love, ŝi amis she loved.

Estonian

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.) Compare -us and -s.

Suffix

-is (genitive -ise, partitive -ist)

  1. Derives nouns.
    ‎petma (“to con, to trick”) + ‎-is → ‎petis (“conman, trickster, cheat, fraud”)
    ‎näitama (“to show”) + ‎-is → ‎näidis (“sample, specimen”)
  2. Derives forms of nouns used in compounds.
    ‎väli (“field, area”) + ‎-is → ‎välis- (“outside”)
    võidma ("to spread", "to anoint") → võidis- in võidisvaal ("sperm whale")

Declension

More information Declension of (ÕS type 11/harjutus, no gradation), singular ...
More information Declension of (ÕS type 9/katus, no gradation), singular ...
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Finnish

Etymology 1

    Probably from Swedish -is and possibly also extracted from slang terms including that suffix.

    Suffix

    -is (colloquial)

    1. -er, -ie; a suffix used to form nouns and proper nouns from place names, common nouns and adjectives; gives a familiar nuance to the original word; the original word is often truncated in the process.
      ‎kova (“hard, tough”) + ‎-is → ‎kovis (“badass”)
      ‎mestaruus (“championship”) + ‎-is → ‎mestis (“league of champions”)
      ‎paha (“bad”) + ‎-is → ‎pahis (“bad guy”)
      ‎Roihuvuori (a suburb of Helsinki) + ‎-is → ‎Roihis
    Declension
    More information nominative, genitive ...
    More information first-person singular possessor, singular ...
    More information nominative, genitive ...
    More information first-person singular possessor, singular ...

    Etymology 2

      From German -is.

      Suffix

      -is

      1. (music) sharp, ♯
        Antonym: -es
        ‎A + ‎-is → ‎Ais (“A sharp”)
        ‎C + ‎-is → ‎Cis (“C sharp”)
        ‎D + ‎-is → ‎Dis (“D sharp”)
        ‎E + ‎-is → ‎Eis (“E sharp”)
        ‎F + ‎-is → ‎Fis (“F sharp”)
        ‎G + ‎-is → ‎Gis (“G sharp”)
        ‎H + ‎-is → ‎His (“B sharp”)
      Derived terms
      • -isis (“double sharp”)

      Anagrams

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      French

      Pronunciation

      Etymology 1

      Inherited from Latin -iō → *-īō, -is → *-īs (sense 1–2); Latin -īvī, and -īvisti (sense 3–4). In the case of regular -ir verbs (like finir), the first singular present suffix was inherited from Old French -is, from Vulgar Latin *-īscō (cf. -iss-), while other first singular suffixes (also when added to irregular -ir verbs) are added erroneously.

      Suffix

      -is (non-lemma form of verb-forming suffix)

      1. forms the first-person singular present indicative of -ir verbs
      2. forms the second-person singular present indicative of -ir verbs
      3. forms the first-person singular past historic of -ir verbs
      4. forms the second-person singular past historic of -ir verbs

      Etymology 2

      Suffix

      -is (non-lemma form of verb-forming suffix)

      1. forms the first-person singular past historic of -re verbs
      2. forms the second-person singular past historic of -re verbs

      Etymology 3

      Inherited from Old French -ëiz, from Latin -ātus (past participle ending) + -īcius (adjective-forming suffix).

      Suffix

      -is m (noun-forming suffix, invariable)

      1. noun-forming suffix, generally found attached to verbs
        ‎chuchoter (“to whisper”) + ‎-is → ‎chuchotis (“murmuring”)
        ‎ébouler (“to crumble; to collapse”) + ‎-is → ‎éboulis (“scree; mass of fallen rocks/earth”)
        ‎dégouler (“to disgust”) + ‎-is → ‎(informal) dégoulis (“vomit”)

      Suffix

      -is (adjective-forming suffix, feminine -isse, masculine plural -is, feminine plural -isses)

      1. (uncommon) adjective-forming suffix, generally found attached to verbs
        ‎couler (“flow”) + ‎-is → ‎coulis (“flowing; running”) (surface etymology)

      Derived terms

      French terms suffixed with -is
      abattis
      champi
      châssis
      chuchotis
      clapotis
      cliquetis
      coloris
      coulis
      dégueulis
      éboulis
      frottis
      gâchis
      gazouillis
      hachis
      lavis
      logis
      maquis
      pilotis
      semis
      taillis
      torchis
      tournis
      treillis
      volige
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      Fwe

      Alternative forms

      Suffix

      -is

      1. Forms causative verbs
        ‎-bìrà (“boil (intransitive)”) + ‎-is → ‎bìrìsà (“to boil (transitive)”)
        ‎-shèkà (“laugh”) + ‎-is → ‎shèkèsà (“to make (someone) laugh”)
        ‎-tàbà (“be happy”) + ‎-is → ‎tàbìsà (“to make happy”)
        ‎-bòmbà (“be wet”) + ‎-is → ‎bòmbèsà (“to wetten”)
        ‎-zyúmà (“be dry”) + ‎-is → ‎zyúmìsà (“to dry”)

      Usage notes

      • The forms -is and -es are productive; the forms -s and -z are non-productive and change the last consonant of the verb stem to s or z

      References

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      German

      Etymology

      Potentially shortened from Diesis.

      Suffix

      -is (invariable)

      1. (music) sharp, ♯
        Antonym: -es
        ‎A + ‎-is → ‎Ais (“A sharp”)
        ‎C + ‎-is → ‎Cis (“C sharp”)
        ‎D + ‎-is → ‎Dis (“D sharp”)
        ‎E + ‎-is → ‎Eis (“E sharp”)
        ‎F + ‎-is → ‎Fis (“F sharp”)
        ‎G + ‎-is → ‎Gis (“G sharp”)
        ‎H + ‎-is → ‎His (“B sharp”)

      Derived terms

      • -isis (“double sharp”)

      Descendants

      • Norwegian Bokmål: -iss

      Hungarian

      Etymology

      (This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

      Pronunciation

      Suffix

      -is

      1. (diminutive suffix) Added to a proper noun to form a shortened diminutive name.
        ‎András (“Andrew”) + ‎-is → ‎Andris (“Andy”)

      Derived terms

      Hungarian proper noun clippings suffixed with -is
      Andris
      Ábris
      Boris
      Maris

      See also

      Ido

      Etymology

      Borrowed from Esperanto -is, back-formation from -as.

      Suffix

      -is

      1. desinence of the past tense in verbs

      See also

      Indonesian

      Etymology 1

      From Dutch -isch.

      Suffix

      -is

      1. -ic
        strategis ― strategic
        pragmatis ― pragmatic
      2. -ical
        praktis ― practical
        psikologis ― psychological

      Etymology 2

      From Dutch -ist.

      Suffix

      -is

      1. -ist
        anarkis ― anarchist
        jurnalis ― journalist

      Derived terms

      Indonesian terms suffixed with -is
      absolutis
      anarkis
      biologis
      cerpenis
      ekonomis
      fatalis
      futuris
      hedonis
      jurnalis
      kapitalis
      kolonialis
      liberalis
      liturgis
      marhaenis
      materialis
      optimis
      Pancasilais
      panelis
      psikologis
      selis
      seminaris
      sinergis
      sistemis
      strategis
      terapis

      Further reading

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      Irish

      Etymology

      From the dative form of Old Irish -as (“-ish”).

      Suffix

      -is f

      1. -ish, -ese (used to form language names)

      Declension

      More information bare forms, singular ...

      Derived terms

      Irish terms suffixed with -is
      Abcáisis
      Afracáinis
      Airméinis
      Aivéistis
      Albainis
      Albáinis
      Alsáisis
      Araibis
      Aramais
      Asarbaiseáinis
      Bablóinis
      Bailís
      Bascais
      Bealarúisis
      Breatnais
      Briotáinis
      Bulgáiris
      Burmais
      Cambóidis
      Casaicis
      Catalóinis
      Ceiltis
      Ciméiris
      Cirgisis
      Cóiréis
      Coirnis
      Cóisis
      Corsaicis
      Craís
      Cróitis
      Danmhairgis
      Eabhrais
      Eastóinis
      Fionlainnis
      Fraincis
      Gearmáinis
      Giúdais
      Gotais
      Gréigis
      Haváis
      Hitis
      Indinéisis
      Iodáilis
      Ioruais
      Íoslainnis
      Ísiltíris
      Laitvis
      Laplainnis
      Liotuáinis
      Lochlannais
      Lucsambuirgis
      Macadóinis
      Malaeis
      Máltais
      Manainnis
      Maorais
      Moldáivis
      Mongóilis
      Montainéigris
      Nachuáitlis
      Navachóis
      Neipeailis
      Ocsatánais
      Ollainnis
      Peirsis
      Polainnis
      Portaingéilis
      Raeta-Rómáinsis
      Rómáinis
      Rúisis
      Sáimis
      Seapáinis
      Seicis
      Seirbis
      Seoinicis
      Seoirsis
      Sínis
      Slavais
      Slóivéinis
      Slóvaicis
      Soirbis
      Somáilis
      Spáinnis
      Sprantais
      Suaisis
      Sualainnis
      Tibéidis
      Tocáiris
      Tuircis
      Úcráinis
      Úisbéiceastáinis
      Ungáiris
      Vallúinis
      Vallúnais
      Volaifis

      Suffix

      -is

      1. inflection of -eas:
        1. vocative/genitive singular
        2. nominative/dative plural

      Latin

      Etymology 1

      From Proto-Indo-European *-is.

      Pronunciation

      Suffix

      -is (neuter -e); third-declension two-termination suffix

      1. suffixed to the root of nouns in composition, forms adjectives of the third declension
        tri- + annus + -is → triennis
        bi- + penna + -is → bipennis
        ē- + norma + -is → ēnormis
        in- + somnus + -is → insomnis
        pro- + clīvus + -is → proclīvis
        brevi- + tarsus + -is → brevitarsis
      Declension

      Third-declension two-termination adjective.

      More information singular, plural ...
      Derived terms
      Latin terms suffixed with -is
      abnormis
      abunde
      acclivis
      acetabuliformis
      aequanimis
      aequilibris
      albirostris
      albitarsis
      albiventris
      albolabris
      altirostris
      amplipennis
      angusticollis
      angustirostris
      apiformis
      auripennis
      bicornis
      biennis
      bilinguis
      bilustris
      bimaris
      bimembris
      bipalmis
      bipennis
      biremis
      cognominis
      curvirostris
      decennis
      declivirostris
      declivis
      deformis
      deiugis
      delumbis
      depilis
      depugis
      elinguis
      elumbis
      enodis
      enormis
      exanimis
      exossis
      exsanguis
      exsomnis
      extorris
      glabripennis
      in- -is
      infamis
      insignis
      latipennis
      latirostris
      longanimis
      novennis
      octennis
      planipennis
      plurennis
      proclivis
      quadriennis
      quinquennis
      quinqueremis
      ravis
      ruficollis
      rufipennis
      rufitarsis
      rufiventris
      septuennis
      sexennis
      spinipennis
      tricennis
      tricornis
      triennis
      trilinguis
      tripalis
      triremis
      unanimis
      unicornis
      vicennis
      Descendants
      • → Swedish: -is (learned)
        • → Finnish: -is
        • → Norwegian Bokmål: -is
        • → Norwegian Nynorsk: -is

      References

      Etymology 2

      Borrowed from Ancient Greek -ῐς (-ĭs).

      Pronunciation

      Suffix

      -is f (genitive -idis); third declension

      2. found in borrowings from Greek, suffixed to the root of masculine nouns, forms feminine nouns of the third declension
        1. (mythology) -id (female equivalent or descendant)
        2. (literature) -id (epic poem)
        3. (astronomy) -id (meteor)
      Declension

      Third-declension noun (Greek-type, normal variant or non-Greek-type).

      More information singular, plural ...

      1In poetry.

      Derived terms
      Latin terms suffixed with -is (noun)
      Achilleis
      Aeneis
      Danais
      Nereis
      Oceanis
      Perseis
      Descendants
      Further reading

      Etymology 3

      Declined forms of -us (suffix forming adjectives). Derived from Proto-Italic -ois.

      Pronunciation

      Suffix

      -īs

      1. dative/ablative masculine/feminine/neuter plural of -us

      Etymology 4

      Declined forms of -a (suffix forming masculine agent nouns).

      Pronunciation

      Suffix

      -īs m

      1. dative/ablative plural of -a

      Etymology 5

      (This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

      Suffix

      -is

      1. second-person singular present active indicative of -ō (third conjugation)

      Etymology 6

      (This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

      Suffix

      -īs

      1. (archaic) second-person singular sigmatic aorist active subjunctive of -ō (third conjugation)

      Etymology 7

      See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

      Suffix

      -is

      1. genitive singular of -s

      Malay

      Middle English

      Norwegian Bokmål

      Plains Cree

      Portuguese

      Swedish

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