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-ling
From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
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See also: Appendix:Variations of "ling"
English
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /lɪŋ/
Audio (Southern England): (file) Audio (Southern England): (file)
Etymology 1
From Middle English -ling, from Old English -ling, from Proto-West Germanic *-ling, from Proto-Germanic *-lingaz, a nominal suffix, probably composed of Proto-Germanic *-ilaz (agent/instrumental/diminutive suffix) + Proto-Germanic *-ingaz (patronymic suffix).
Akin to Dutch -ling, German -ling, Icelandic -lingur, Gothic -𐌻𐌹𐌲𐌲𐍃 (-liggs). More at -le, -ing.
Alternative forms
Suffix
-ling
Usage notes
Words ending in -ing derived from a root or stem terminating in -l or -le, such as dazzling, have usually only an accidental resemblance, although sometimes there is a connection, as in sidling, which derives from Middle English in this form, and which is also a present participle form of the modern English verb to sidle, which in itself is a back-formation from sidling.
Derived terms
(Diminutive):
(Quality):
Translations
Diminutive
|
Etymology 2
From Middle English -ling, from Old English -ling, -linga, -lunga (adverbial suffix). Compare -long.
Alternative forms
Suffix
-ling
- (no longer productive) An adverbial suffix denoting manner, direction or position.
Derived terms
See also
References
- “-ling” in Webster’s Seventh New Collegiate Dictionary: Based on Webster’s Third New International Dictionary, 7th edition, Springfield, Mass.: G[eorge] & C[harles] Merriam, 1963 (1967 printing), →OCLC.
Anagrams
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Danish
Etymology
Suffix
-ling c
- a diminutive (denotes a younger person who is considered small, cute, immature, etc.)
- a diminutive (denotes a person who is considered inferior, despicable, etc.)
- a diminutive (denotes each of a given number of siblings born at the same birth)
Declension
References
- “-ling” in Den Danske Ordbog
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Dutch
Etymology
From a rebracketing of nouns with an -ing suffix. See above (English).
Suffix
-ling m
- a suffix that describes a person (or other creature) in terms of a place of origin or a quality, as defined by the root to which it is added
Derived terms
German
Etymology
From Middle High German -linc, from Old High German -ling, from Proto-West Germanic *-ling.
Pronunciation
Suffix
-ling m (genitive -linges or -lings, plural -linge)
- Indicates possession of or connection with a quality or property, such as Schwächling (“weakling”) from schwach (“weak”) or Frühling (“the season Spring [which comes early]”) from früh (“early”).
- A modifier of nouns, meaning a follower or resident of what is denoted by the stem form, such as Häftling from Haft.
- Suffix forming the names of many mushrooms.
Derived terms
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Icelandic
Suffix
-ling
Middle English
Pronunciation
Etymology 1
From Old English -ling (nominal suffix), from Proto-West Germanic *-ling, from Proto-Germanic *-ilingaz; equivalent to -el + -yng.
Alternative forms
Suffix
-ling
- suffix used in forming personal nouns
- suffix forming diminutives
Derived terms
Descendants
References
- “-ling, suf.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.
Etymology 2
From Old English -ling (adverbial suffix).
Suffix
-ling
- An adverbial suffix denoting direction, state or position.
Descendants
References
- “-ling(e, suf.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.
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Norwegian Bokmål
Etymology
Suffix
-ling
- denoting diminutive
Old English
Pronunciation
Etymology 1
From alteration of suffixal use of Old English lang (“long”).
Suffix
-ling
- adverbial suffix denoting direction, state or position
- hinderling ― backwards
Descendants
Etymology 2
From Proto-West Germanic *-ling, from Proto-Germanic *-ilingaz.
Alternative forms
Suffix
-ling m
- suffix used in forming personal nouns
- suffix forming diminutives
- stærling ― starling
- dynasty, lineage
- Icling ("dynasty of Icel" or "House of Icel"); Ætheling (House of Ethel)
Declension
Strong a-stem:
Derived terms
Descendants
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Swedish
Suffix
-ling
- (no longer productive) diminutive suffix
Derived terms
See also
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