-sa

See also: Appendix:Variations of "sa"

Estonian

Suffix

-sa

1. accusative/genitive singular of -s

Finnish

Etymology 1

Probably originally from a dialectal variant of -isa (compare, for example, dialectal joutsa for joutuisa). The slang usage is probably an extension of the original use as an adjectival suffix.

Suffix

-sa (front vowel harmony variant -sä, linguistic notation -sA)

1. Forms some adjectives.
2. Forms slang nouns and adjectives, usually with clipping.

Derived terms

Finnish terms suffixed with -sa (derivational)

hissa

kilsa

koisa

kopsata

kässä

köksä

liksa

limsa

minsa

mosa

musa

nopsa

näpsä

pimpsa

portsari

pressa

Tapsa

ussa

• -sakka
• -su

Etymology 2

See -nsa.

Suffix

-sa (front vowel harmony variant -sä, linguistic notation -sA) (dialectal)

1. alternative form of -nsa

Irish

Alternative forms

• -se (used after palatalized consonants and front vowels)

Etymology

From Old Irish -sa (1st person singular), -su (2nd person singular), and -si (3rd person singular feminine/2nd person plural).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /sˠə/

Suffix

-sa

1. emphatic suffix of the following persons; used after velarized consonants and back vowels:
   1. first-person singular
   2. second-person singular
   3. third-person singular feminine
   4. second-person plural

Usage notes

Spelled with a hyphen after -s, otherwise without a hyphen.

• Added to nouns (or adjectives modifying a noun) in the presence of the possessive adjective to emphasize the possessor rather than the thing possessed:

  mo chos-sa ― my foot

  do charr deargsa ― your sg red car

• Added to pronouns (both simple and prepositional) to add emphasis (not to create a reflexive pronoun):

  aistise ― out of her

  sibhse ― you pl

• Added to synthetic verb forms to add emphasis to the subject:

  cloisimse ― I hear

  chloisteása ― you sg used to hear

  chualabhairse ― you pl heard

Derived terms

Irish terms suffixed with -sa

agamsa

agatsa

asamsa

asatsa

chugamsa

chugatsa

chughamsa

dhíomsa

dhomsa

díomsa

domsa

eadramsa

eadratsa

faramsa

faratsa

fúmsa

fútsa

ionamsa

ionatsa

ionsormsa

ionsortsa

leatsa

liomsa

mise

ormsa

ortsa

pósfadsa

riasa

romhamsa

romhatsa

tharamsa

tharatsa

thusa

tríomsa

tríotsa

tusa

uamsa

umamsa

umatsa

See also

Irish emphatic suffixes

	person		after a broad consonant	after a slender consonant
singular	first		-sa	-se
	second
	third	m	-san	-sean
		f	-sa	-se
plural	first		-na	-ne -e (after nn in pronouns)
	second		-sa	-se
	third		-san	-sean

Emphatic suffixes are added to nouns modified by a possessive determiner to emphasize the possessor; to verbs, predicate adjectives, and predicate nouns to emphasize the subject; and to inflected prepositions to emphasize the object.

Japanese

Romanization

-sa

1. Rōmaji transcription of さ

Latin

Suffix

-sa

1. inflection of -sus:
   1. nominative/vocative feminine singular
   2. nominative/accusative/vocative neuter plural

Suffix

-sā

1. ablative feminine singular of -sus

Old English

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /sɑ/

Suffix

-sa

1. nominative/accusative/genitive plural of -s

Old Irish

Alternative forms

• -se (slender form)

Suffix

-sa

1. emphatic first-person singular suffix
   • c. 800, Würzburg Glosses on the Pauline Epistles, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 499–712, Wb. 14^c23

     co beid .i. co mbed a ndéde sin im labrad-sa .i. gáu et fír .i. combad sain a n‑as·berin ó bélib et aní imme·rádin ó chridiu

     so that there may be, i.e. so that those two things might be in my (emphatic) speaking, namely false and true, i.e. so that what I might say with [my] lips and what I might think with [my] heart might be different

   • c. 800, Würzburg Glosses on the Pauline Epistles, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 499–712, Wb. 16^d8

     Bíuu-sa oc irbáig dar far cenn-si fri Maccidóndu.

     I (emphatic) am boasting about you to the Macedonians.

   • c. 800, Würzburg Glosses on the Pauline Epistles, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 499–712, Wb. 20^c25

     Níta chumme-se friusom.

     I (emphatic) am not like them (emphatic).

Derived terms

Old Irish terms suffixed with -sa

díimsa

dímsa

domsa

festa

indiumsa

messe

Descendants

• Irish: -sa
• Manx: -s
• Scottish Gaelic: -sa

See also

Old Irish emphatic suffixes

person	emphatic suffixes
1 sg	-se, -sa
2 sg	-siu, -so, -su
3 sg m or n	-som, -sem, -sium, -sum, -sam
3 sg f	-si
1 pl	-ni, -nai, -sni
2 pl	-si
3 pl	-som, -sem, -sium, -sum, -sam

Emphatic suffixes are added to nouns modified by a possessive determiner to emphasize the possessor; to verbs, predicate adjectives, and predicate nouns to emphasize the subject; and to inflected prepositions to emphasize the object.

Quechua

Suffix

-sa

1. alternative spelling of -chka

Romani

Suffix

-sa

1. alternative spelling of -ça

Scottish Gaelic

Alternative forms

• -se (slender form)

Etymology

From Old Irish -sa (1st person singular) and Old Irish -su (2nd person singular).

Suffix

-sa

1. -self (emphatic)

Usage notes

• Added to prepositional pronouns (ending in a broad consonant) to add emphasis (not to create a reflexive pronoun):
  • Used in first-person singular: (e.g., agamsa).
  • Used in second-person singular: (e.g., ortsa).

Derived terms

Scottish Gaelic terms suffixed with -sa

annamsa

bhuamsa

bhuatsa

fodhadsa

fodhamsa

leamsa

leatsa

riumsa

riutsa

romhadsa

romhamsa

tharadsa

tharamsa

thugadsa

thugamsa

thusa

tromhadsa

tromhamsa

See also

• -ne
• -san

Somali

Suffix

-sa

1. Usually placed at the end of verbs containing questions

   maxa samay-sa? - what do you do?