Bābilim

Etymology

The ancient interpretation by Akkadian speakers of the city name as bāb (“gate”) +‎ ilim (“of god”) is likely a folk etymology, later translated into Sumerian and written 𒆍𒀭𒊏𒆠 (ka₂ dig̃ir-ra^ki /⁠kan dig̃irak⁠/, literally “gate of god”). More at Babylon.

Pronunciation

(Old Babylonian) IPA^(key): /ˈbaː.bi.lim/

Proper noun

Bābilim m

Babylon

Alternative forms

Bābili (non-mimated)

More information Logograms, Phonetic ...

Descendants

→ Ancient Greek: Βαβυλών (Babulṓn)
- Greek: Βαβυλών (Vavylón), Βαβυλώνα (Vavylóna)
- Latin: Babylōn
- Russian: Вавилон (Vavilon)
→ Aramaic:
Classical Syriac: ܒܒܠ (bāḇel)

Jewish Babylonian Aramaic: בָבֶל (bāḇel)

Mandaic: ࡁࡀࡁࡉࡋ (bābīl)
- → Arabic: بَابِل (bābil)
- → Middle Persian: bʾbyl
  - Persian: بابل (bâbel)
→ Egyptian: bbr
→ Biblical Hebrew: בָּבֶל (bɔḇɛ́l)
- → Israeli Hebrew: בָּבֶל (bavél)
→? Old Armenian: բաւիղ (bawił, “labyrinth”), բաւիլ (bawil), բաւեղ (baweł)
→ Old Persian: 𐎲𐎠𐎲𐎡𐎽𐎢𐏁 (b-a-b-i-ru-u-š /⁠Bābiruš⁠/)
→ Sumerian: 𒆍𒀭𒊏𒆠 (ka₂ dig̃ir-ra^ki /⁠kan dig̃irak⁠/, literally “gate of god”) (calque)

References

Lieu, Samuel N. C. (2012), “Babylon”, in Places and peoples in Central Asia and in the Graeco-Roman Near East: A multilingual gazetteer compiled for the Serica Project from select Pre-Islamic sources‎, page 7a
Muss-Arnolt, William (1905), “Bābilu”, in A Concise Dictionary of the Assyrian Language, volume I, Berlin: Reuther & Reichard, pages 144–145