affermer

French

Pronunciation

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Verb

affermer

1. to have a leasehold

Conjugation

Conjugation of affermer (see also Appendix:French verbs)

infinitive	simple	affermer
	compound	avoir + past participle
present participle or gerund1	simple	affermant /a.fɛʁ.mɑ̃/
	compound	ayant + past participle
past participle		affermé /a.fɛʁ.me/
		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative		je (j’)	tu	il, elle, on	nous	vous	ils, elles
(simple tenses)	present	afferme /a.fɛʁm/	affermes /a.fɛʁm/	afferme /a.fɛʁm/	affermons /a.fɛʁ.mɔ̃/	affermez /a.fɛʁ.me/	afferment /a.fɛʁm/
	imperfect	affermais /a.fɛʁ.mɛ/	affermais /a.fɛʁ.mɛ/	affermait /a.fɛʁ.mɛ/	affermions /a.fɛʁ.mjɔ̃/	affermiez /a.fɛʁ.mje/	affermaient /a.fɛʁ.mɛ/
	past historic2	affermai /a.fɛʁ.me/	affermas /a.fɛʁ.ma/	afferma /a.fɛʁ.ma/	affermâmes /a.fɛʁ.mam/	affermâtes /a.fɛʁ.mat/	affermèrent /a.fɛʁ.mɛʁ/
	future	affermerai /a.fɛʁ.mə.ʁe/	affermeras /a.fɛʁ.mə.ʁa/	affermera /a.fɛʁ.mə.ʁa/	affermerons /a.fɛʁ.mə.ʁɔ̃/	affermerez /a.fɛʁ.mə.ʁe/	affermeront /a.fɛʁ.mə.ʁɔ̃/
	conditional	affermerais /a.fɛʁ.mə.ʁɛ/	affermerais /a.fɛʁ.mə.ʁɛ/	affermerait /a.fɛʁ.mə.ʁɛ/	affermerions /a.fɛʁ.mə.ʁjɔ̃/	affermeriez /a.fɛʁ.mə.ʁje/	affermeraient /a.fɛʁ.mə.ʁɛ/
(compound tenses)	present perfect	present indicative of avoir + past participle
	pluperfect	imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle
	past anterior2	past historic of avoir + past participle
	future perfect	future of avoir + past participle
	conditional perfect	conditional of avoir + past participle
subjunctive		que je (j’)	que tu	qu’il, qu’elle	que nous	que vous	qu’ils, qu’elles
(simple tenses)	present	afferme /a.fɛʁm/	affermes /a.fɛʁm/	afferme /a.fɛʁm/	affermions /a.fɛʁ.mjɔ̃/	affermiez /a.fɛʁ.mje/	afferment /a.fɛʁm/
	imperfect2	affermasse /a.fɛʁ.mas/	affermasses /a.fɛʁ.mas/	affermât /a.fɛʁ.ma/	affermassions /a.fɛʁ.ma.sjɔ̃/	affermassiez /a.fɛʁ.ma.sje/	affermassent /a.fɛʁ.mas/
(compound tenses)	past	present subjunctive of avoir + past participle
	pluperfect2	imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle
imperative		–	tu	–	nous	vous	–
simple		—	afferme /a.fɛʁm/	—	affermons /a.fɛʁ.mɔ̃/	affermez /a.fɛʁ.me/	—
compound		—	simple imperative of avoir + past participle	—	simple imperative of avoir + past participle	simple imperative of avoir + past participle	—
1 The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en.
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way: past historic → present perfect past anterior → pluperfect imperfect subjunctive → present subjunctive pluperfect subjunctive → past subjunctive (Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81).

Further reading

• “affermer”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.

Middle English

Noun

affermer

1. alternative form of affermour

Middle French

Verb

affermer

1. to affirm

Conjugation

• Middle French conjugation varies from one text to another. Hence, the following conjugation should be considered as typical, not as exhaustive.

Conjugation of affermer

infinitive	simple	affermer
	compound	avoir + past participle
present participle1 or gerund2	simple	affermant
	compound	present participle or gerund of avoir + past participle
past participle		affermé
		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative		ie (i’)	tu	il, elle	nous	vous	ilz, elles
(simple tenses)	present	afferme	affermes	afferme	affermons	affermez	afferment
	imperfect	affermois, affermoys	affermois, affermoys	affermoit, affermoyt	affermions, affermyons	affermiez, affermyez	affermoient, affermoyent
	past historic	afferma	affermas	afferma	affermasmes	affermastes	affermerent
	future	affermerai, affermeray	affermeras	affermera	affermerons	affermerez	affermeront
	conditional	affermerois, affermeroys	affermerois, affermeroys	affermeroit, affermeroyt	affermerions, affermeryons	affermeriez, affermeryez	affermeroient, affermeroyent
(compound tenses)	present perfect	present indicative of avoir + past participle
	pluperfect	imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle
	past anterior	past historic of avoir + past participle
	future perfect	future of avoir + past participle
	conditional perfect	conditional of avoir + past participle
subjunctive		que ie (i’)	que tu	qu’il, qu’elle	que nous	que vous	qu’ilz, qu’elles
(simple tenses)	present	afferme	affermes	afferme	affermons	affermez	afferment
	imperfect	affermasse	affermasses	affermast	affermassions	affermassiez	affermassent
(compound tenses)	past	present subjunctive of avoir + past participle
	pluperfect	imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle
imperative		–	tu	–	nous	vous	–
simple		—	afferme	—	affermons	affermez	—
compound		—	simple imperative of avoir + past participle	—	simple imperative of avoir + past participle	simple imperative of avoir + past participle	—
1 The present participle was variable in gender and number until the 17th century (Anne Sancier-Château [1995], Une esthétique nouvelle: Honoré d'Urfé, correcteur de l'Astrée, p. 179). The French Academy would eventually declare it not to be declined in 1679.
2 The gerund was held to be invariable by grammarians of the early 17th century, and was usable with preposition en, as in Modern French, although the preposition was not mandatory (Anne Sancier-Château [1995], op. cit., p. 180).

Descendants

• French: affirmer