afficio

Latin

Alternative forms

• adficiō

Etymology

From Proto-Italic *adfakjō. Equivalent to ad- +‎ faciō (“do, make”).

Pronunciation

• (Classical Latin) IPA^(key): [afˈfɪ.ki.oː]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): [afˈfiː.t͡ʃi.o]

Verb

afficiō (present infinitive afficere, perfect active affēcī, supine affectum); third (-iō variant) conjugation

1. to cause someone to experience something; to visit, inflict, bestow [with ablative ‘something’ and accusative ‘on someone’]

   iniūriā afficere aliquem ― to wrong someone

   laude afficere aliquem ― to praise someone

   dolōre afficī ― to feel pain

2. to treat, manage, handle
3. to influence, have an effect on

   Synonyms: perpellō, īnfluō

4. to attack, afflict, weaken, impair

   Synonyms: atterō, frangō, effēminō, tenuō, minuō, dēterō, cōnsūmō

   Antonyms: firmō, cōnfirmō, mūniō, fortificō, cōnsolidō, sistō

Conjugation

   Conjugation of afficiō (third (-iō variant) conjugation)

indicative		singular						plural
		first		second		third		first		second		third
active	present	afficiō		afficis		afficit		afficimus		afficitis		afficiunt
	imperfect	afficiēbam		afficiēbās		afficiēbat		afficiēbāmus		afficiēbātis		afficiēbant
	future	afficiam		afficiēs		afficiet		afficiēmus		afficiētis		afficient
	perfect	affēcī		affēcistī		affēcit		affēcimus		affēcistis		affēcērunt, affēcēre
	pluperfect	affēceram		affēcerās		affēcerat		affēcerāmus		affēcerātis		affēcerant
	future perfect	affēcerō		affēceris		affēcerit		affēcerimus		affēceritis		affēcerint
passive	present	afficior		afficeris, afficere		afficitur		afficimur		afficiminī		afficiuntur
	imperfect	afficiēbar		afficiēbāris, afficiēbāre		afficiēbātur		afficiēbāmur		afficiēbāminī		afficiēbantur
	future	afficiar		afficiēris, afficiēre		afficiētur		afficiēmur		afficiēminī		afficientur
	perfect	affectus + present active indicative of sum
	pluperfect	affectus + imperfect active indicative of sum
	future perfect	affectus + future active indicative of sum
subjunctive		singular						plural
		first		second		third		first		second		third
active	present	afficiam		afficiās		afficiat		afficiāmus		afficiātis		afficiant
	imperfect	afficerem		afficerēs		afficeret		afficerēmus		afficerētis		afficerent
	perfect	affēcerim		affēcerīs		affēcerit		affēcerīmus		affēcerītis		affēcerint
	pluperfect	affēcissem		affēcissēs		affēcisset		affēcissēmus		affēcissētis		affēcissent
passive	present	afficiar		afficiāris, afficiāre		afficiātur		afficiāmur		afficiāminī		afficiantur
	imperfect	afficerer		afficerēris, afficerēre		afficerētur		afficerēmur		afficerēminī		afficerentur
	perfect	affectus + present active subjunctive of sum
	pluperfect	affectus + imperfect active subjunctive of sum
imperative		singular						plural
		first		second		third		first		second		third
active	present	—		affice		—		—		afficite		—
	future	—		afficitō		afficitō		—		afficitōte		afficiuntō
passive	present	—		afficere		—		—		afficiminī		—
	future	—		afficitor		afficitor		—		—		afficiuntor
non-finite forms		infinitive						participle
		active			passive			active			passive
present		afficere			afficī, afficier1			afficiēns			—
future		affectūrum esse			affectum īrī			affectūrus			afficiendus, afficiundus
perfect		affēcisse			affectum esse			—			affectus
future perfect		—			affectum fore			—			—
perfect potential		affectūrum fuisse			—			—			—
verbal nouns		gerund								supine
		genitive		dative		accusative		ablative		accusative		ablative
		afficiendī		afficiendō		afficiendum		afficiendō		affectum		affectū

¹The present passive infinitive in -ier is a rare poetic form which is attested.

Derived terms

• affectus
• sepultūrā afficiō

Descendants

• → English: affect

References

• “affĭcĭo”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “adfĭcio”, in Gaffiot, Félix (1934), Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette, page 35.
• Carl Meißner; Henry William Auden (1894), Latin Phrase-Book‎, London: Macmillan and Co.
  • a thing makes a pleasant impression on the senses: aliquid sensus suaviter afficit
    
  • to bury a person: sepultura aliquem afficere
    
  • to be in a dilemma; in difficulties: angustiis premi, difficultatibus affici
    
  • to suffer loss, harm, damage: damno affici
    
  • to inconvenience, injure a person: incommodo afficere aliquem
    
  • to do any one a service or kindness: beneficio aliquem afficere, ornare
    
  • to remunerate (handsomely): praemiis (amplissimis, maximis) aliquem afficere
    
  • to praise, extol, commend a person: laude afficere aliquem
    
  • to confer undying fame on, immortalise some one: aliquem immortali gloria afficere
    
  • to honour, show respect for, a person: aliquem honore afficere, augere, ornare, prosequi (vid. sect. VI. 11., note Prosequi...)
    
  • to inflict an indignity upon, insult a person: aliquem ignominia afficere, notare
    
  • to give pleasure to some one: afficere aliquem gaudio, laetitia
    
  • to feel pain: dolore affici
    
  • to be vexed, mortified, anxious: aegritudine, sollicitudine affici
    
  • to long for a thing, yearn for it: desiderio alicuius rei teneri, affici (more strongly flagrare, incensum esse)
    
  • to be admired: admiratione affici
    
  • to wrong a person: iniuria afficere aliquem
    
  • to insult some one: contumelia aliquem afficere
    
  • to punish by banishment: aliquem exsilio afficere, multare
    
  • to enslave a free people: liberum populum servitute afficere
    
  • to punish some one: poena afficere aliquem (Off. 2. 5. 18)
    
  • to suffer capital punishment: supplicio (capitis) affici
    
• “afficiō” on pages 78–79 of the Oxford Latin Dictionary (1st ed., 1968–82)
• Niermeyer, Jan Frederik (1976), “afficere”, in Mediae Latinitatis Lexicon Minus, Leiden, Boston: E. J. Brill, page 28/1