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bate

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary

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See also: Appendix:Variations of "bate"

English

Pronunciation

Etymology 1

    Inherited from Middle English baten (“to abate”), an apheretic form of abaten, from Old French abatre (“to knock down”).

    Verb

    bate (third-person singular simple present bates, present participle bating, simple past and past participle bated)

    1. (transitive) To reduce the force of something; to abate.
    2. (transitive) To restrain, usually with the sense of being in anticipation
    3. (transitive, sometimes figuratively) To cut off, remove, take away.
    4. (archaic, transitive) To leave out, except, bar.
    5. To waste away.
    6. To deprive of.
      • a. 1634 (date written), George Herbert, “The Church Porch”, in Alexander B[alloch] Grosart, editor, The Complete Works in Verse and Prose of George Herbert. […] (The Fuller Worthies’ Library), volume I (Verse), London: […] [Robson and Sons] for private circulation, published 1874, →OCLC, page 20:
        When baseness is exalted, do not bate / The place its honour for the person's sake; […]
    7. To lessen by retrenching, deducting, or reducing; to abate; to beat down; to lower.
      • 1691, [John Locke], Some Considerations of the Consequences of the Lowering of Interest, and Raising the Value of Money. […], London: […] Awnsham and John Churchill, […], published 1692, →OCLC, page 113:
        [W]hen the Landholder's Rent falls, he muſt either bate the Labourer's Wages, or not imploy, or not pay him; which either way makes him feel the want of Money.
    8. To allow by way of abatement or deduction.
    Derived terms
    Translations

    References

    • Robert Hunter, Charles Morris, editors (1897), Universal Dictionary of the English Language, volume 1, page 459

    Etymology 2

      Noun

      bate (uncountable)

      1. Strife; contention.
      Derived terms
      Translations

      Verb

      bate (third-person singular simple present bates, present participle bating, simple past and past participle bated)

      1. (intransitive) To contend or strive with blows or arguments.
      2. (intransitive, falconry) Of a falcon: To flap the wings vigorously; to bait.
        • 1486, Juliana Berners, Book of Saint Albans:
          The fiꝛſt is holde faſt at all timys, and ſpecially whan ſhe batith. It is calde batyng, for ſhe batith with hiꝛ ſelfe moſt oftyn cauſeles[.]
        • 1600, Francis Bacon, letter to Queen Elizabeth, upon the sending of a new-year's gift:
          I am like a hawk , that bates , when I see occasion of service , but cannot fly because I am tied to another's fist
      Translations

      See also

      • (to contend or strive with blows or arguments): bait.

      Etymology 3

      Borrowed from Swedish beta (“maceration, tanning”).

      Noun

      bate (plural bates)

      1. An alkaline lye which neutralizes the effect of the previous application of lime, and makes hides supple in the process of tanning.
        • 1888, Popular Science, volume 34, number 10, page 287:
          The process of unliming hides and skins in tanning has been a slow and disgusting one, consisting in soaking the skins in a bath of manure in water, called bate.
      2. A vat which contains this liquid.
      Translations

      Verb

      bate (third-person singular simple present bates, present participle bating, simple past and past participle bated)

      1. (transitive) To soak leather so as to remove chemicals used in tanning; to steep in bate.
      Translations

      References

      • Robert Hunter, Charles Morris, editors (1897), Universal Dictionary of the English Language, volume 1, page 459

      Etymology 4

      Formed by analogy with eat → ate or other Class 5 strong verbs (compare gave, obsolete spake, etc.), with which it shares an analogous past participle (eaten → beaten).

      Verb

      bate

      1. (obsolete or nonstandard) simple past of beat; = beat.
      Translations

      Etymology 5

      Verb

      bate (third-person singular simple present bates, present participle bating, simple past and past participle bated)

      1. (intransitive, slang) Clipping of masturbate.
      Translations

      Etymology 6

      Variant of beat (“rhythm”).

      Noun

      bate (uncountable)

      1. (Ireland) direction, course, track
        • A NORTH-COUNTY DUBLIN CLOSSARY:
          What bate are you on now = where are you going and why ? The dog is on some bate = is finding or following a scent.

      References

      • J. J. Hogan and Patrick C. O'Neill (1947), “A NORTH-COUNTY DUBLIN GLOSSARY”, in Béaloideas‎, volume 17, number 1/2, An Cumann Le Béaloideas Eireann/Folklore of lreland Society, page 264

      Anagrams

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      Asturian

      Noun

      bate m (plural bates)

      1. bat (club)

      Crow

      Alternative forms

      Noun

      bate

      1. male-bodied person who dresses and lives as a woman

      See also

      References

      References
      • Integration of Crow Indian Culture, in Cultural Anthropology, page 11: The aggressive vigor and virility of man, in the Crow view, stood in profound opposition to the passivity and weakness of woman. Young men who failed the test of the war raid had "nothing to say or do in any public business whatever" but had to endure biting obscenities which linked their personalities to the flaccid qualities of woman. The bate, male transvestites, were no exception. Bate were "crazy" people with whom one could have some fun, a sexual escapade perhaps, and they might be married because they excelled women in butchering, tanning, and other domestic tasks. But they never were honored, and when a bate raised a gun against the enemy, the Crow remembered it as a signal event.
      • Sabine Lang, Men as Women, Women as Men →ISBN, 2010):
         Page 117: The attempt of an Indian agent on the Crow Reservation around the turn of the century to induce Osh-Tisch, one of the three surviving bate, to put on men's clothing was unsuccessful (Williams 1986b:179). The other Crows protested, "saying it was against his [sic] nature".
         Page 187: Apart from enduring relationships, intercourse with women has sometimes been represented as being possible for [...] the Crow bate.
      • Walter L. Williams, The Spirit and the Flesh: Sexual Diversity in American Indian Culture:
        Joe Medicine Crow, an elder in the Baptist church on the Montana reservation of the Crows, is also keeper of the tribal history among traditionalists. He [....] explained the incident with the BIA agents: "One agent in the late 1890s was named Briskow [...] He tried to interfere with Osh-Tisch, who was the most respected bade. The agent incarcerated the bades, cut off their hair, made them wear men's clothing. He forced the to do manual labor, planting these trees that you see here on the BIA grounds. The people were so upset with this that Chief Pretty Eagle came into Crow Agency, and told Briskow to leave the reservation. It was a tragedy, trying to change them. Briskow was crazy." Considering how little power Indians had on their reservations at the beginning of the century, the strength of the Crows' protest, forcing the agent to resign, is remarkable.
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      Dutch

      Pronunciation

      Verb

      bate

      1. (dated or formal) singular present subjunctive of baten

      Noun

      bate

      1. (archaic) dative singular of baat

      Anagrams

      Galician

      Verb

      bate

      1. inflection of bater:
        1. third-person singular present indicative
        2. second-person singular imperative

      Garo

      Alternative forms

      Etymology

      (This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

      Postposition

      bate

      1. (follows dative case -na) more than
        angna bate dal·a
        bigger than me

      Gonja

      Etymology

      Gikyode bangadɛ, Chumburung bɔŋko̱rɔŋ.

      Noun

      bate (plural abate)

      1. civet
        Synonym: jaba

      Khumi Chin

      Pronunciation

      Noun

      bate

      1. swelling

      Derived terms

      References

      • K. E. Herr (2011), The phonological interpretation of minor syllables, applied to Lemi Chin‎, Payap University, page 74

      Kitanemuk

      Etymology

      From Proto-Uto-Aztecan *pa. Cognate with Serrano bate.

      Noun

      bāte

      1. water

      References

      • Kroeber, Shoshonean Dialects of California, in University of California Publications: American archaeology and ethnology, volume 4, page 81

      Latin

      Noun

      bate

      1. vocative singular of batus

      Lindu

      Noun

      bate

      1. gravestone

      Middle English

      Etymology 1

      Noun

      bate

      1. alternative form of bot (“boat”)

      Etymology 2

      Verb

      bate

      1. alternative form of baten (“to beat”)

      Etymology 3

      Verb

      bate

      1. alternative form of baten (“to abate”)

      Old English

      Pronunciation

      Noun

      bāte

      1. inflection of bāt:
        1. dative/genitive singular
        2. nominative plural
        3. accusative singular/plural

      Portuguese

      Pronunciation

       

      Verb

      bate

      1. inflection of bater:
        1. third-person singular present indicative
        2. second-person singular imperative

      Romanian

      Alternative forms

      Etymology

      Inherited from Latin battere, from earlier battuere. Compare Aromanian bat.

      Pronunciation

      Verb

      a bate (third-person singular present bate, past participle bătut, third-person subjunctive bată) 3rd conjugation

      1. (transitive) to beat (repeatedly hit for various purposes)
        a bate la ușă ― to knock on the door
        a bate untul ― to churn butter
        a bate la mașină ― to type on a typewriter
      2. (transitive) to beat (give a beating)
      3. (reciprocal) to have a fight
      4. (transitive, informal) to defeat
        Synonyms: învinge, înfrânge
      5. (intransitive, of the heart) to beat
      6. (transitive, of the wind) to blow
      7. (transitive, of the sun) to shine
      8. (transitive, of shoes) to wring (cause discomfort)
      9. (transitive) to mint (a coin)

      Conjugation

          conjugation of bate (third conjugation, past participle in -ut)
      More information infinitive, gerund ...

      Synonyms

      Derived terms

      Further reading

      Serbo-Croatian

      Noun

      bate (Cyrillic spelling бате)

      1. vocative singular of bat

      Serrano

      Etymology

      From Proto-Uto-Aztecan *pa.

      Noun

      bāte

      1. water

      References

      • Kroeber, Shoshonean Dialects of California, in University of California Publications: American archaeology and ethnology, volume 4, page 81

      Spanish

      Pronunciation

      Etymology 1

      Borrowed from English bat.

      Noun

      bate m (plural bates)

      1. (sports) bat

      Etymology 2

      Noun

      bate m (plural bates)

      1. (Honduras, slang) reefer, joint (a marijuana cigarette)
        Synonyms: canuto, (Honduras) carruco, (Honduras) leño, porro, (Chile) pito

      Etymology 3

      See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

      Verb

      bate

      1. inflection of batir:
        1. third-person singular present indicative
        2. second-person singular imperative

      Further reading

      Walloon

      Etymology

      From Old French batre, from Late Latin battō, battere, alternative form of Latin battuō, battuere (“beat, pound; fight”).

      Pronunciation

      Verb

      bate

      1. (pronominal) to fight

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