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bok

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary

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See also: Bok, bök, bók, and bøk

Translingual

Symbol

bok

  1. (international standards) ISO 639-3 language code for Bonjo.

See also

English

Pronunciation

Etymology 1

From Afrikaans bok. Doublet of buck. Compare German Bock (willingness, desire).

Adjective

bok

  1. (South Africa, slang) Keen or willing.
    "Do you want to go to the movies?" "Ja, I'm bok."

Etymology 2

Imitative

Request for sound clip This entry needs a sound clip exemplifying the definition.

Interjection

bok

  1. The clucking sound of a chicken.
    Alternative form: bawk
    • 2000, William S Pollack, Todd Shuster, Real boys' voices:
      And he says, "Chicken! Bok bok bok bok!" One time I got up and put the controller down and we started fighting.
    • 2004, Andrew Bennett, Nicholas Royle, An introduction to literature, criticism and theory:
      So the librarian gives the chicken a book. The chicken goes away, but comes back the next day, goes up to the librarian's desk and says: 'Bok, bok!'

Verb

bok (third-person singular simple present boks, present participle bokking, simple past and past participle bokked)

  1. To make the clucking sound of a chicken.

See also

Anagrams

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Afrikaans

Etymology

From Dutch bok (buck, male goat), from Middle Dutch boc, from Old Dutch buc, from Proto-Germanic *bukkaz.

Pronunciation

Noun

bok (plural bokke, diminutive bokkie)

  1. goat
  2. antelope, buck
    Synonym: wildsbok
  3. (slang) lover (term of affection)
    Synonym: bokkie
  4. (gymnastics) vaulting horse
  5. blunder

Derived terms

Descendants

  • Xhosa: ibhokhwe

Adjective

bok (attributive bokke, comparative bokker, superlative bokste)

  1. keen, willing

Cebuano

Etymology

From Philippine English bok, from bunk, shortened from bunkmate.

Pronunciation

  • Hyphenation: bok

Noun

bok

  1. one's batchmate or classmate in the Philippine Military Academy

Choctaw

Etymology

Attested as bayuk in the 17th century.

Noun

bōk (alienable)

  1. creek, stream
  2. river

Declension

More information possessive (alienable), singular ...
More information absolute, nominative ...
More information -ma "that, there", -pa "this, here" ...

Derived terms

Descendants

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Czech

Czech Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia cs

Etymology

Inherited from Old Czech bok, from Proto-Slavic *bokъ.

Pronunciation

Noun

bok m inan (diminutive boček or bůček)

  1. side
  2. flank
  3. (anatomy) hip

Declension

adjectives
nouns
verbs

Further reading

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Dutch

Pronunciation

Etymology 1

From Middle Dutch boc, from Old Dutch buc, from Proto-West Germanic *bukk, from Proto-Germanic *bukkaz.

Noun

bok m (plural bokken, diminutive bokje n)

  1. male goat, billy
    Synonym: geitenbok
  2. buck, horse or pony; strong contraption on legs, resembling a mount
    1. (gymnastics) vaulting horse
    2. sawbuck
      Synonym: zaagbok
    3. a crane on legs
  3. box, perch (driver's seat on a carriage)
  4. (printing) job case, type case
  5. (derogatory) churl, grouch
  6. (derogatory) oaf, bumpkin
Derived terms
Descendants

Etymology 2

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Verb

bok

  1. inflection of bokken:
    1. first-person singular present indicative
    2. (in case of inversion) second-person singular present indicative
    3. imperative

Etymology 3

Proposed etymologies include Lokono bo-kia (emphatic 'you'), Lokono Lokono (people, Arawak), Portuguese botoque (lip plate), Portuguese bugre (derogatory term for an Amerindian). Compare English buck (a black or Native American man).

Noun

bok m (plural bokken, diminutive bokje n, feminine bokkin)

  1. (Suriname, obsolete) Amerindian person
    • 1907, F.P. Penard, A.P. Penard, De menschetende aanbidders der zonneslang [The man-eating worshippers of the sun snake], Paramaribo: H.B. Heyde, pages 49-50:
      Dat echter een afgerichte negerslaaf beter te gebruiken was dan 50 Bokken klinkt wel wat ongelooflijk, in aanmerking genomen, dat thans nog algemeen onder de negers het verhaal de ronde doet, dat de weggeloopen slaven veel banger waren voor de Indianen dan voor de blanken of negersoldaten. Inderdaad in Demerara waren het de Bokken, die daar de vorming van onafhankelijk negerstaten belet hebben.
      However, that a trained Negro slave was more useful than fifty Amerindians sounds somewhat incredible, considering that even now the story is widely told among Negroes that runaway slaves were much more afraid of Indians than whites or Negro soldiers. Indeed, in Demerara, it were the Amerindians who prevented the formation of independent Negro nations.
Derived terms
  • bokkendorp
  • bokkengrond
  • bokkenhout
  • bokkenkatoen
  • bokkennoot
  • bokkenruilder
  • bokraaf
Descendants
  • Berbice Creole Dutch: boko
  • Guyanese Creole English: buck
  • Trinidadian Creole English: buck

Etymology 4

Borrowed from Caribbean Javanese mbok.

Noun

bok f (uncountable, no diminutive)

  1. (Suriname, dated) Form of address for a Javanese woman
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Kashubian

Etymology

Borrowed from German Bock.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈbɔk/
  • Rhymes: -ɔk
  • Syllabification: bok

Noun

bok m animal

  1. buck, he-goat
    Synonym: kòzeł

Further reading

  • Eùgeniusz Gòłąbk (2011), “kozioł”, in Słownik Polsko-Kaszubski / Słowôrz Pòlskò-Kaszëbsczi

Lower Sorbian

Etymology

From Proto-Slavic *bokъ. Cognate with Upper Sorbian bok, Polish bok, Czech bok, Russian бок (bok), and Serbo-Croatian bȍk.

Pronunciation

Noun

bok m inan

  1. side (bounding straight edge of an object; flat surface of an object; left or right half; surface of a sheet of paper)
  2. page (one side of a leaf of a book)
  3. (chiefly in the dual) breast (organs on the front of a woman’s chest, which contain the mammary glands)
    Synonym: prědk

Declension

  • Alternative locative singular: boce

Further reading

  • Muka, Arnošt (1921, 1928), “bok”, in Słownik dolnoserbskeje rěcy a jeje narěcow (in German), St. Petersburg, Prague: ОРЯС РАН, ČAVU; Reprinted Bautzen: Domowina-Verlag, 2008
  • Starosta, Manfred (1999), “bok”, in Dolnoserbsko-nimski słownik / Niedersorbisch-deutsches Wörterbuch (in German), Bautzen: Domowina-Verlag

Maranao

Etymology

From buhok, compare Tagalog buhok.

Noun

bok

  1. head hair

Marshallese

Etymology 1

Pronunciation

Noun

bok

  1. blister
  2. chicken pox

Etymology 2

Pronunciation

Noun

bok

  1. bladder

Etymology 3

From English book.

Pronunciation

Noun

bok (construct form bokin)

  1. book

Etymology 4

Pronunciation

Noun

bok

  1. sand
  2. sandspit
  3. sandbar

References

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Middle English

Alternative forms

Etymology

    From Old English bōc, in turn from Proto-West Germanic *bōk, from Proto-Germanic *bōks.

    Pronunciation

    Noun

    bok (plural bokes)

    1. A document, especially if extensive and composed of bound pages:
      • c. 1395, John Wycliffe, John Purvey [et al.], transl., Bible (Wycliffite Bible (later version), MS Lich 10.), published c. 1410, Apocalips 10:10, folio 120, verso, column 2; republished as Wycliffe's translation of the New Testament, Lichfield: Bill Endres, 2010:
        ⁊ I took þe book of þe aũgels hond ⁊ deuourıde ıt .· ⁊ ıt was ĩ my mouþ as ſwete as hony / ⁊ whãne I hadde deuorıde ıt .· my wombe was bıttır []
        And I took the document from the angel's hand and consumed it; it seemed sweet like honey in my mouth, but when I'd eaten it, my stomach felt bitter.
      1. A notebook; a document kept empty for spontaneous use.
      2. A legal or governmental record or register.
      3. An account book or ledger; a financial record.
    2. A book; an extended written work:
      • c. 1180, Orͬm, “[Preface]”, in Orͬmulum (Bodleian MS. Junius 1), Bourne Abbey, Lincolnshire, folio 9, recto; republished at Oxford: Digital Bodleian, 2019 January 10:
        Þiſſ boc ıſſ nẽ̃nedd. orͬmulũ⹎ forͬþı ꝥ orͬm ıtt ƿrohhte⹎ ⁊ ıtt ıſſ ƿrohͪt off quaþþrıꟑan. off ꟑoddſpellbokeſſ foƿƿre.
        This book is called the "Ormulum" since Orm made it. It's made out of a quadriga; out of the four Gospels []
      1. A volume or fascicle of a larger work.
      2. A particular book (especially the Bible)
    3. (figuratively) Knowledge, ethics or a source of them.

    Descendants

    References

    Middle Low German

    Alternative forms

    Etymology

    From Old Saxon bōk, from Proto-West Germanic *bōk, from Proto-Germanic *bōks.

    Pronunciation

    Noun

    bôk n

    1. book
    2. beechnut

    Descendants

    • Low German:
      Dutch Low Saxon: book
      German Low German: Book
    • Plautdietsch: Buak

    Norwegian Bokmål

    Norwegian Bokmål Wikipedia has an article on:
    Wikipedia nb

    Alternative forms

    • bog (non-standard since 1907)

    Etymology

    From Old Norse bók (beech, book), from Proto-Germanic *bōks (letter), either from *bōkō (beech), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰeh₂ǵos (beech), or from Proto-Indo-European *bʰeh₂g- (to divide, distribute, allot).

    Pronunciation

    Noun

    bok f or m (definite singular boka or boken, indefinite plural bøker, definite plural bøkene)

    1. book

    Usage notes

    • One of the nouns whose feminine form is predominant in formal writing.

    Derived terms

    Noun

    Norwegian Bokmål Wikipedia has an article on:
    Wikipedia nb

    bok f or m (definite singular boka or boken, indefinite plural boker, definite plural bokene)

    1. beech (tree)

    Alternative forms

    References

    Norwegian Nynorsk

    Norwegian Nynorsk Wikipedia has an article on:
    Wikipedia nn

    Alternative forms

    Etymology

    From Old Norse bók, from Proto-Germanic *bōks. Akin to English book, German Low German Book.

    Pronunciation

    Noun

    bok f (definite singular boka, indefinite plural bøker, definite plural bøkene)

    1. book

    Derived terms

    References

    Old Polish

    Etymology

      Inherited from Proto-Slavic *bokъ. First attested in the 13th century.

      Pronunciation

      • IPA(key): (10th–15th CE) /bɔk/
      • IPA(key): (15th CE) /bɔk/

      Noun

      bok m inan (related adjective bokowy)

      1. (anatomy, attested in Masovia, Lesser Poland, Silesia, Greater Poland) side, flank (neither the front nor the back; lateral part of a person or animal)
        • 1937 [Second half of the 15th century], Józef Birkenmajer, editor, Bogarodzica dziewica. Analiza tekstu, treści i formy, number C, Warsaw:
          Czyebye dla, czlowyecze, dal bog przeklocz szobye bok, racze, nodze obye
          [Ciebie dla, człowiecze, dał Bog przekłóć sobie bok, ręce, nodze obie]
        • c. 1500, Wokabularz lubiński, Lubiń: inkunabuł Archiwum Archidiecezjalnego w Gnieźnie, sygn. Inc. 78d., page 73v:
          Latus [] a lateo lates eyn seyt bok
          [Latus [] a lateo lates eyn seyt bok]
      2. side, flank (neither the front nor the back of an object)
        • 1939 [end of the 14th century], Ryszard Ganszyniec, Witold Taszycki, Stefan Kubica, Ludwik Bernacki, editors, Psałterz florjański łacińsko-polsko-niemiecki [Sankt Florian Psalter]scan transliteration, transcription, Krakow: Zakład Narodowy imienia Ossolińskich, z zasiłkiem Sejmu Śląskiego [The Ossoliński National Institute: with the benefit of the Silesian Parliament], pages 47, 2:
          Zacladana iest weselim wszelika zema gora Syon: boky polnoczi, masto crola welikego (fundatur exultatione universae terrae mons Sion: latera aquilonis, civitas regis magni)
          [Zakładana jest wiesielim wszelikiej ziemie gora Syjon, boki północy, miasto króla wielikiego (fundatur exultatione universae terrae mons Sion: latera aquilonis, civitas regis magni)]

      Derived terms

      verbs

      Descendants

      References

      • Boryś, Wiesław (2005), “bok”, in Słownik etymologiczny języka polskiego (in Polish), Kraków: Wydawnictwo Literackie, →ISBN
      • Mańczak, Witold (2017), “bok”, in Polski słownik etymologiczny (in Polish), Kraków: Polska Akademia Umiejętności, →ISBN
      • Bańkowski, Andrzej (2000), “bok”, in Etymologiczny słownik języka polskiego [Etymological Dictionary of the Polish Language] (in Polish)
      • Sławski, Franciszek (1958-1965), “bok”, in Jan Safarewicz, Andrzej Siudut, editors, Słownik etymologiczny języka polskiego [Etymological dictionary of the Polish language] (in Polish), Kraków: Towarzystwo Miłośników Języka Polskiego
      • B. Sieradzka-Baziur, Ewa Deptuchowa, Joanna Duska, Mariusz Frodyma, Beata Hejmo, Dorota Janeczko, Katarzyna Jasińska, Krystyna Kajtoch, Joanna Kozioł, Marian Kucała, Dorota Mika, Gabriela Niemiec, Urszula Poprawska, Elżbieta Supranowicz, Ludwika Szelachowska-Winiarzowa, Zofia Wanicowa, Piotr Szpor, Bartłomiej Borek, editors (2011–2015), “bok”, in Słownik pojęciowy języka staropolskiego [Conceptual Dictionary of Old Polish] (in Polish), Kraków: IJP PAN, →ISBN
      • Ewa Deptuchowa, Mariusz Frodyma, Katarzyna Jasińska, Magdalena Klapper, Dorota Kołodziej, Mariusz Leńczuk, Ludwika Szelachowska-Winiarzowa, Zofia Wanicowa, editors (2023), “bok”, in Rozariusze z polskimi glosami. Internetowa baza danych [Dictionaries of Polish glosses, an Internet database] (in Polish), Kraków: Pracownia Języka Staropolskiego Instytut Języka Polskiego Polskiej Akademii Nauk

      Old Saxon

      Alternative forms

      Etymology

      From Proto-West Germanic *bōk, from Proto-Germanic *bōks, whence also Old English bōc, Old Frisian bōk, Old High German buoh, Old Norse bók.

      Noun

      bōk f or n

      1. book

      Declension

      More information singular, plural ...
      More information singular, plural ...

      Descendants

      • Middle Low German: bôk, buk
        • Low German:
          Dutch Low Saxon: book
          German Low German: Book
        • Plautdietsch: Buak

      Old Swedish

      Alternative forms

      Etymology

      From Old Norse bók, from Proto-Germanic *bōks.

      Noun

      bōk f

      1. book

      Declension

      More information singular, plural ...

      Descendants

      Polish

      Polish Wikipedia has an article on:
      Wikipedia pl

      Pronunciation

       

      Etymology 1

        Inherited from Old Polish bok.

        Noun

        bok m inan (related adjective boczny)

        1. (anatomy) side, flank (neither the front nor the back; lateral part of a person, animal)
          1. (Middle Polish) physical or emotional closeness to someone
        2. side, flank (neither the front nor the back; lateral part of an object)
          Synonym: strona
        3. side (place in space located to the right or left of some central reference point)
        4. (geometry) side (segment connecting two vertices of a polygon)
        5. side (place out of the way)
          Synonyms: strona, ustronie
        6. (obsolete, mining) shaft wall
        7. (Middle Polish, collective, metonomically) man; human community; group
        8. (Middle Polish) side; Further details are uncertain.
          • 1528, J. Murmelius, Dictionarius, page 60:
            Latus Bok
            [Latus Bok]
        Declension
        Derived terms
        interjections
        prepositions
        verbs
        verbs
        • mieć na boku impf
        • odłożyć na bok pf, odkładać na bok impf
        • podeprzeć się pod boki pf, podpierać się pod boki impf
        • popatrzeć z boku pf, patrzeć z boku impf
        • skakać na boki impf
        • stać z boku impf
        • stanąć z boku pf, stawać z boku impf
        • wyjść bokiem pf, wychodzić bokiem impf
        • zrywać boki impf
        Derived terms
        adverbs
        • bocznie
        • pobocznie
        verbs

        Etymology 2

          See bąk.

          Noun

          bok m animal

          1. (Kielce) alternative form of bąk (child)

          Further reading

          Serbo-Croatian

          Silesian

          Swedish

          Tagalog

          Turkish

          Volapük

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