borga

See also: Borga and Borgå

Icelandic

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈpɔrka/

  Rhymes: -ɔrka

Etymology 1

From Old Norse borga, from Proto-Germanic *burgōną.

Verb

borga (weak verb, third-person singular past indicative borgaði, supine borgað)

1. (ditransitive) to pay

   Synonyms: gjalda, greiða

Conjugation

borga – active voice (germynd)

infinitive nafnháttur		að borga
supine sagnbót		borgað
present participle lýsingarháttur nútíðar		borgandi
		indicative framsöguháttur			subjunctive viðtengingarháttur
		present nútíð	past þátíð		present nútíð	past þátíð
singular	ég	borga	borgaði		borgi	borgaði
	þú	borgar	borgaðir		borgir	borgaðir
	hann, hún, það	borgar	borgaði		borgi	borgaði
plural	við	borgum	borguðum		borgum	borguðum
	þið	borgið	borguðuð		borgið	borguðuð
	þeir, þær, þau	borga	borguðu		borgi	borguðu
		imperative boðháttur
singular	þú	borga (þú), borgaðu
plural	þið	borgið (þið), borgiði1

¹ Spoken form, usually not written; in writing, the unappended plural form (optionally followed by the full pronoun) is preferred.

borgast – mediopassive voice (miðmynd)

infinitive nafnháttur		að borgast
supine sagnbót		borgast
present participle lýsingarháttur nútíðar		borgandist (rare; see appendix)
		indicative framsöguháttur			subjunctive viðtengingarháttur
		present nútíð	past þátíð		present nútíð	past þátíð
singular	ég	borgast	borgaðist		borgist	borgaðist
	þú	borgast	borgaðist		borgist	borgaðist
	hann, hún, það	borgast	borgaðist		borgist	borgaðist
plural	við	borgumst	borguðumst		borgumst	borguðumst
	þið	borgist	borguðust		borgist	borguðust
	þeir, þær, þau	borgast	borguðust		borgist	borguðust
		imperative boðháttur
singular	þú	borgast (þú), borgastu
plural	þið	borgist (þið), borgisti1

¹ Spoken form, usually not written; in writing, the unappended plural form (optionally followed by the full pronoun) is preferred.

borgaður — past participle (lýsingarháttur þátíðar)

strong declension (sterk beyging)	singular (eintala)			plural (fleirtala)
	masculine (karlkyn)	feminine (kvenkyn)	neuter (hvorugkyn)	masculine (karlkyn)	feminine (kvenkyn)	neuter (hvorugkyn)
nominative (nefnifall)	borgaður	borguð	borgað	borgaðir	borgaðar	borguð
accusative (þolfall)	borgaðan	borgaða	borgað	borgaða	borgaðar	borguð
dative (þágufall)	borguðum	borgaðri	borguðu	borguðum	borguðum	borguðum
genitive (eignarfall)	borgaðs	borgaðrar	borgaðs	borgaðra	borgaðra	borgaðra
weak declension (veik beyging)	singular (eintala)			plural (fleirtala)
	masculine (karlkyn)	feminine (kvenkyn)	neuter (hvorugkyn)	masculine (karlkyn)	feminine (kvenkyn)	neuter (hvorugkyn)
nominative (nefnifall)	borgaði	borgaða	borgaða	borguðu	borguðu	borguðu
accusative (þolfall)	borgaða	borguðu	borgaða	borguðu	borguðu	borguðu
dative (þágufall)	borgaða	borguðu	borgaða	borguðu	borguðu	borguðu
genitive (eignarfall)	borgaða	borguðu	borgaða	borguðu	borguðu	borguðu

Derived terms

• borga alla súpuna
• borga á milli
• borga sig
• borga sig ekki
• borga út í hönd

Etymology 2

See borg.

Noun

borga f

1. indefinite genitive plural of borg

Northern Sami

Etymology

From Proto-Samic *porkë.

Pronunciation

• (Kautokeino) IPA^(key): /ˈporːka/

Noun

borga

1. snowstorm, flurry

Inflection

Even a-stem, rg-rgg gradation
Nominative	borga
Genitive	borgga
	Singular	Plural
Nominative	borga	borggat
Accusative	borgga	borggaid
Genitive	borgga	borggaid
Illative	borgii	borggaide
Locative	borggas	borggain
Comitative	borggain	borggaiguin
Essive	borgan
Possessive forms Singular Dual Plural 1st person borgan borgame borgamet 2nd person borgat borgade borgadet 3rd person borgas borgaska borgaset

Related terms

• borgat

Further reading

• Koponen, Eino, Ruppel, Klaas, Aapala, Kirsti, editors (2002–2008), Álgu database: Etymological database of the Saami languages‎, Helsinki: Research Institute for the Languages of Finland

Norwegian Bokmål

Alternative forms

• borgen

Noun

borga m or f

1. definite feminine singular of borg

Norwegian Nynorsk

Noun

borga f

1. definite singular of borg

Old English

Noun

borga

1. genitive plural of borg

Swedish

Etymology

From Old Swedish borgha, from Old Norse borga, from Proto-Germanic *burgōną.

Verb

borga (present borgar, preterite borgade, supine borgat, imperative borga)

1. (with för) to act as a guarantee for (that), to greatly increase the likelihood (that)

   Att Lasse mixar drinkar på festen borgar för att den blir grym

   That Lasse is mixing drinks at the party guarantees that it will be awesome

Conjugation

Conjugation of borga (weak)

	active		passive
infinitive	borga		borgas
supine	borgat		borgats
imperative	borga		—
imper. plural1	borgen		—
	present	past	present	past
indicative	borgar	borgade	borgas	borgades
ind. plural1	borga	borgade	borgas	borgades
subjunctive2	borge	borgade	borges	borgades
present participle		borgande
past participle		borgad

¹ Archaic. ² Dated. See the appendix on Swedish verbs.

References

• borga in Svensk ordbok (SO)
• borga in Svenska Akademiens ordlista (SAOL)
• borga in Svenska Akademiens ordbok (SAOB)
• borga in Elof Hellquist, Svensk etymologisk ordbok (1st ed., 1922)