|
positive |
negative |
|
| infinitive |
ukuchela |
ukungacheli |
|
|
| imperative |
|
simple |
+ object concord |
| singular |
chela |
-chele |
| plural |
chelani |
-cheleni |
|
| present |
|
positive absolute |
positive relative |
positive participial |
negative absolute |
negative relative |
negative participial |
| 1st singular |
ngiyachela, ngichela |
engichelayo, engichela |
ngichela |
angicheli |
engingacheli |
ngingacheli |
| 2nd singular |
uyachela, uchela |
ochelayo, ochela |
uchela |
awucheli |
ongacheli |
ungacheli |
| 1st plural |
siyachela, sichela |
esichelayo, esichela |
sichela |
asicheli |
esingacheli |
singacheli |
| 2nd plural |
niyachela, nichela |
enichelayo, enichela |
nichela |
anicheli |
eningacheli |
ningacheli |
| class 1 |
uyachela, uchela |
ochelayo, ochela |
echela |
akacheli |
ongacheli |
engacheli |
| class 2 |
bayachela, bachela |
abachelayo, abachela |
bechela |
abacheli |
abangacheli |
bengacheli |
| class 3 |
uyachela, uchela |
ochelayo, ochela |
uchela |
awucheli |
ongacheli |
ungacheli |
| class 4 |
iyachela, ichela |
echelayo, echela |
ichela |
ayicheli |
engacheli |
ingacheli |
| class 5 |
liyachela, lichela |
elichelayo, elichela |
lichela |
alicheli |
elingacheli |
lingacheli |
| class 6 |
ayachela, achela |
achelayo, achela |
echela |
awacheli |
angacheli |
engacheli |
| class 7 |
siyachela, sichela |
esichelayo, esichela |
sichela |
asicheli |
esingacheli |
singacheli |
| class 8 |
ziyachela, zichela |
ezichelayo, ezichela |
zichela |
azicheli |
ezingacheli |
zingacheli |
| class 9 |
iyachela, ichela |
echelayo, echela |
ichela |
ayicheli |
engacheli |
ingacheli |
| class 10 |
ziyachela, zichela |
ezichelayo, ezichela |
zichela |
azicheli |
ezingacheli |
zingacheli |
| class 11 |
luyachela, luchela |
oluchelayo, oluchela |
luchela |
alucheli |
olungacheli |
lungacheli |
| class 14 |
buyachela, buchela |
obuchelayo, obuchela |
buchela |
abucheli |
obungacheli |
bungacheli |
| class 15 |
kuyachela, kuchela |
okuchelayo, okuchela |
kuchela |
akucheli |
okungacheli |
kungacheli |
| class 17 |
kuyachela, kuchela |
okuchelayo, okuchela |
kuchela |
akucheli |
okungacheli |
kungacheli |
|
| recent past |
|
positive absolute |
positive relative |
positive participial |
negative absolute |
negative relative |
negative participial |
| 1st singular |
ngichelile, ngichelē |
engichelile, engichelē |
ngichelile, ngichelē |
angichelanga |
engingachelanga |
ngingachelanga |
| 2nd singular |
uchelile, uchelē |
ochelile, ochelē |
uchelile, uchelē |
awuchelanga |
ongachelanga |
ungachelanga |
| 1st plural |
sichelile, sichelē |
esichelile, esichelē |
sichelile, sichelē |
asichelanga |
esingachelanga |
singachelanga |
| 2nd plural |
nichelile, nichelē |
enichelile, enichelē |
nichelile, nichelē |
anichelanga |
eningachelanga |
ningachelanga |
| class 1 |
uchelile, uchelē |
ochelile, ochelē |
echelile, echelē |
akachelanga |
ongachelanga |
engachelanga |
| class 2 |
bachelile, bachelē |
abachelile, abachelē |
bechelile, bechelē |
abachelanga |
abangachelanga |
bengachelanga |
| class 3 |
uchelile, uchelē |
ochelile, ochelē |
uchelile, uchelē |
awuchelanga |
ongachelanga |
ungachelanga |
| class 4 |
ichelile, ichelē |
echelile, echelē |
ichelile, ichelē |
ayichelanga |
engachelanga |
ingachelanga |
| class 5 |
lichelile, lichelē |
elichelile, elichelē |
lichelile, lichelē |
alichelanga |
elingachelanga |
lingachelanga |
| class 6 |
achelile, achelē |
achelile, achelē |
echelile, echelē |
awachelanga |
angachelanga |
engachelanga |
| class 7 |
sichelile, sichelē |
esichelile, esichelē |
sichelile, sichelē |
asichelanga |
esingachelanga |
singachelanga |
| class 8 |
zichelile, zichelē |
ezichelile, ezichelē |
zichelile, zichelē |
azichelanga |
ezingachelanga |
zingachelanga |
| class 9 |
ichelile, ichelē |
echelile, echelē |
ichelile, ichelē |
ayichelanga |
engachelanga |
ingachelanga |
| class 10 |
zichelile, zichelē |
ezichelile, ezichelē |
zichelile, zichelē |
azichelanga |
ezingachelanga |
zingachelanga |
| class 11 |
luchelile, luchelē |
oluchelile, oluchelē |
luchelile, luchelē |
aluchelanga |
olungachelanga |
lungachelanga |
| class 14 |
buchelile, buchelē |
obuchelile, obuchelē |
buchelile, buchelē |
abuchelanga |
obungachelanga |
bungachelanga |
| class 15 |
kuchelile, kuchelē |
okuchelile, okuchelē |
kuchelile, kuchelē |
akuchelanga |
okungachelanga |
kungachelanga |
| class 17 |
kuchelile, kuchelē |
okuchelile, okuchelē |
kuchelile, kuchelē |
akuchelanga |
okungachelanga |
kungachelanga |
|
| remote past |
|
positive absolute |
positive relative |
positive participial |
negative absolute |
negative relative |
negative participial |
| 1st singular |
ngāchela |
engāchela |
ngāchela |
angichelanga |
engingachelanga |
ngingachelanga |
| 2nd singular |
wāchela |
owāchela |
wāchela |
awuchelanga |
ongachelanga |
ungachelanga |
| 1st plural |
sāchela |
esāchela |
sāchela |
asichelanga |
esingachelanga |
singachelanga |
| 2nd plural |
nāchela |
enāchela |
nāchela |
anichelanga |
eningachelanga |
ningachelanga |
| class 1 |
wāchela |
owāchela |
āchela |
akachelanga |
ongachelanga |
engachelanga |
| class 2 |
bāchela |
abāchela |
bāchela |
abachelanga |
abangachelanga |
bengachelanga |
| class 3 |
wāchela |
owāchela |
wāchela |
awuchelanga |
ongachelanga |
ungachelanga |
| class 4 |
yāchela |
eyāchela |
yāchela |
ayichelanga |
engachelanga |
ingachelanga |
| class 5 |
lāchela |
elāchela |
lāchela |
alichelanga |
elingachelanga |
lingachelanga |
| class 6 |
āchela |
āchela |
āchela |
awachelanga |
angachelanga |
engachelanga |
| class 7 |
sāchela |
esāchela |
sāchela |
asichelanga |
esingachelanga |
singachelanga |
| class 8 |
zāchela |
ezāchela |
zāchela |
azichelanga |
ezingachelanga |
zingachelanga |
| class 9 |
yāchela |
eyāchela |
yāchela |
ayichelanga |
engachelanga |
ingachelanga |
| class 10 |
zāchela |
ezāchela |
zāchela |
azichelanga |
ezingachelanga |
zingachelanga |
| class 11 |
lwāchela |
olwāchela |
lwāchela |
aluchelanga |
olungachelanga |
lungachelanga |
| class 14 |
bāchela |
obāchela |
bāchela |
abuchelanga |
obungachelanga |
bungachelanga |
| class 15 |
kwāchela |
okwāchela |
kwāchela |
akuchelanga |
okungachelanga |
kungachelanga |
| class 17 |
kwāchela |
okwāchela |
kwāchela |
akuchelanga |
okungachelanga |
kungachelanga |
|
| potential |
|
positive absolute |
positive relative |
positive participial |
negative absolute |
negative relative |
negative participial |
| 1st singular |
ngingachela |
— |
ngingachela |
ngingechele |
— |
ngingechele |
| 2nd singular |
ungachela |
— |
ungachela |
ungechele |
— |
ungechele |
| 1st plural |
singachela |
— |
singachela |
singechele |
— |
singechele |
| 2nd plural |
ningachela |
— |
ningachela |
ningechele |
— |
ningechele |
| class 1 |
angachela |
— |
engachela |
angechele |
— |
engechele |
| class 2 |
bangachela |
— |
bengachela |
bangechele |
— |
bengechele |
| class 3 |
ungachela |
— |
ungachela |
ungechele |
— |
ungechele |
| class 4 |
ingachela |
— |
ingachela |
ingechele |
— |
ingechele |
| class 5 |
lingachela |
— |
lingachela |
lingechele |
— |
lingechele |
| class 6 |
angachela |
— |
engachela |
angechele |
— |
engechele |
| class 7 |
singachela |
— |
singachela |
singechele |
— |
singechele |
| class 8 |
zingachela |
— |
zingachela |
zingechele |
— |
zingechele |
| class 9 |
ingachela |
— |
ingachela |
ingechele |
— |
ingechele |
| class 10 |
zingachela |
— |
zingachela |
zingechele |
— |
zingechele |
| class 11 |
lungachela |
— |
lungachela |
lungechele |
— |
lungechele |
| class 14 |
bungachela |
— |
bungachela |
bungechele |
— |
bungechele |
| class 15 |
kungachela |
— |
kungachela |
kungechele |
— |
kungechele |
| class 17 |
kungachela |
— |
kungachela |
kungechele |
— |
kungechele |
|
| immediate future |
|
positive absolute |
positive relative |
positive participial |
negative absolute |
negative relative |
negative participial |
| 1st singular |
ngizochela |
engizochela |
ngizochela |
angizuchela |
engingezuchela |
ngingezuchela |
| 2nd singular |
uzochela |
ozochela |
uzochela |
awuzuchela |
ongezuchela |
ungezuchela |
| 1st plural |
sizochela |
esizochela |
sizochela |
asizuchela |
esingezuchela |
singezuchela |
| 2nd plural |
nizochela |
enizochela |
nizochela |
anizuchela |
eningezuchela |
ningezuchela |
| class 1 |
uzochela |
ozochela |
ezochela |
akazuchela |
ongezuchela |
engezuchela |
| class 2 |
bazochela |
abazochela |
bezochela |
abazuchela |
abangezuchela |
bengezuchela |
| class 3 |
uzochela |
ozochela |
uzochela |
awuzuchela |
ongezuchela |
ungezuchela |
| class 4 |
izochela |
ezochela |
izochela |
ayizuchela |
engezuchela |
ingezuchela |
| class 5 |
lizochela |
elizochela |
lizochela |
alizuchela |
elingezuchela |
lingezuchela |
| class 6 |
azochela |
azochela |
ezochela |
awazuchela |
angezuchela |
engezuchela |
| class 7 |
sizochela |
esizochela |
sizochela |
asizuchela |
esingezuchela |
singezuchela |
| class 8 |
zizochela |
ezizochela |
zizochela |
azizuchela |
ezingezuchela |
zingezuchela |
| class 9 |
izochela |
ezochela |
izochela |
ayizuchela |
engezuchela |
ingezuchela |
| class 10 |
zizochela |
ezizochela |
zizochela |
azizuchela |
ezingezuchela |
zingezuchela |
| class 11 |
luzochela |
oluzochela |
luzochela |
aluzuchela |
olungezuchela |
lungezuchela |
| class 14 |
buzochela |
obuzochela |
buzochela |
abuzuchela |
obungezuchela |
bungezuchela |
| class 15 |
kuzochela |
okuzochela |
kuzochela |
akuzuchela |
okungezuchela |
kungezuchela |
| class 17 |
kuzochela |
okuzochela |
kuzochela |
akuzuchela |
okungezuchela |
kungezuchela |
|
| remote future |
|
positive absolute |
positive relative |
positive participial |
negative absolute |
negative relative |
negative participial |
| 1st singular |
ngiyochela |
engiyochela |
ngiyochela |
angiyuchela |
engingeyuchela |
ngingeyuchela |
| 2nd singular |
uyochela |
oyochela |
uyochela |
awuyuchela |
ongeyuchela |
ungeyuchela |
| 1st plural |
siyochela |
esiyochela |
siyochela |
asiyuchela |
esingeyuchela |
singeyuchela |
| 2nd plural |
niyochela |
eniyochela |
niyochela |
aniyuchela |
eningeyuchela |
ningeyuchela |
| class 1 |
uyochela |
oyochela |
eyochela |
akayuchela |
ongeyuchela |
engeyuchela |
| class 2 |
bayochela |
abayochela |
beyochela |
abayuchela |
abangeyuchela |
bengeyuchela |
| class 3 |
uyochela |
oyochela |
uyochela |
awuyuchela |
ongeyuchela |
ungeyuchela |
| class 4 |
iyochela |
eyochela |
iyochela |
ayiyuchela |
engeyuchela |
ingeyuchela |
| class 5 |
liyochela |
eliyochela |
liyochela |
aliyuchela |
elingeyuchela |
lingeyuchela |
| class 6 |
ayochela |
ayochela |
eyochela |
awayuchela |
angeyuchela |
engeyuchela |
| class 7 |
siyochela |
esiyochela |
siyochela |
asiyuchela |
esingeyuchela |
singeyuchela |
| class 8 |
ziyochela |
eziyochela |
ziyochela |
aziyuchela |
ezingeyuchela |
zingeyuchela |
| class 9 |
iyochela |
eyochela |
iyochela |
ayiyuchela |
engeyuchela |
ingeyuchela |
| class 10 |
ziyochela |
eziyochela |
ziyochela |
aziyuchela |
ezingeyuchela |
zingeyuchela |
| class 11 |
luyochela |
oluyochela |
luyochela |
aluyuchela |
olungeyuchela |
lungeyuchela |
| class 14 |
buyochela |
obuyochela |
buyochela |
abuyuchela |
obungeyuchela |
bungeyuchela |
| class 15 |
kuyochela |
okuyochela |
kuyochela |
akuyuchela |
okungeyuchela |
kungeyuchela |
| class 17 |
kuyochela |
okuyochela |
kuyochela |
akuyuchela |
okungeyuchela |
kungeyuchela |
|
|
| present subjunctive |
|
positive |
negative |
| 1st singular |
ngichele |
ngingacheli |
| 2nd singular |
uchele |
ungacheli |
| 1st plural |
sichele |
singacheli |
| 2nd plural |
nichele |
ningacheli |
| class 1 |
achele |
angacheli |
| class 2 |
bachele |
bangacheli |
| class 3 |
uchele |
ungacheli |
| class 4 |
ichele |
ingacheli |
| class 5 |
lichele |
lingacheli |
| class 6 |
achele |
angacheli |
| class 7 |
sichele |
singacheli |
| class 8 |
zichele |
zingacheli |
| class 9 |
ichele |
ingacheli |
| class 10 |
zichele |
zingacheli |
| class 11 |
luchele |
lungacheli |
| class 14 |
buchele |
bungacheli |
| class 15 |
kuchele |
kungacheli |
| class 17 |
kuchele |
kungacheli |
|
|
| past subjunctive |
|
positive |
negative |
| 1st singular |
ngachela |
ngangachela, angachela, angangachela |
| 2nd singular |
wachela |
wangachela, awachela, awangachela |
| 1st plural |
sachela |
sangachela, asachela, asangachela |
| 2nd plural |
nachela |
nangachela, anachela, anangachela |
| class 1 |
wachela |
wangachela, akachela, akangachela |
| class 2 |
bachela |
bangachela, abachela, abangachela |
| class 3 |
wachela |
wangachela, awachela, awangachela |
| class 4 |
yachela |
yangachela, ayachela, ayangachela |
| class 5 |
lachela |
langachela, alachela, alangachela |
| class 6 |
achela |
angachela, awachela, awangachela |
| class 7 |
sachela |
sangachela, asachela, asangachela |
| class 8 |
zachela |
zangachela, azachela, azangachela |
| class 9 |
yachela |
yangachela, ayachela, ayangachela |
| class 10 |
zachela |
zangachela, azachela, azangachela |
| class 11 |
lwachela |
lwangachela, alwachela, alwangachela |
| class 14 |
bachela |
bangachela, abachela, abangachela |
| class 15 |
kwachela |
kwangachela, akwachela, akwangachela |
| class 17 |
kwachela |
kwangachela, akwachela, akwangachela |