communication

English

English Wikipedia has an article on:

communication

Wikipedia

English Wikipedia has an article on:

communication (disambiguation)

Wikipedia

Etymology

Inherited from Middle English comunicacioun, communicacion (“discussion, association”), from Old French communicacion, from Latin commūnicātiōnem, accusative singular of commūnicātiō (“imparting, communicating”), from commūnicō (“I share, I impart”). Morphologically communicate +‎ -ion.

Pronunciation

• Hyphenation: com‧mu‧ni‧ca‧tion
• Rhymes: -eɪʃən
• IPA^(key): /kəˌmjuːnɪˈkeɪʃən/

  • Audio (US):

    (file)

• (Indic) IPA^(key): /kŏm.y.nɪk.eʃ.ŏn/

Noun

communication (countable and uncountable, plural communications)

1. The act or fact of communicating anything; transmission.

   communication of smallpox

   communication of a secret

2. (uncountable) The concept or state of exchanging data or information between entities.

   Some say that communication is a necessary prerequisite for sentience; others say that it is a result thereof.

   The node had established communication with the network, but had as yet sent no data.

3. A message; the essential data transferred in an act of communication.

   Surveillance was accomplished by means of intercepting the spies' communications.

4. The body of all data transferred to one or both parties during an act of communication.

   The subpoena required that the company document their communication with the plaintiff.

5. An instance of information transfer; a conversation or discourse.

   The professors' communications consisted of lively discussions via email.

   • 1599 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Life of Henry the Fift”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act III, scene ii]:

     Argument […] and friendly communication.

6. A passageway or opening between two locations; connection.

   A round archway at the far end of the hallway provided communication to the main chamber.

   • 1727, John Arbuthnot, Tables of Ancient Coins, Weights and Measures. Explain'd and exemplify'd in several dissertations:

     The Euxine Sea is conveniently situated for trade, by the communication it has both with Asia and Europe.

   • 1900, Patents for Inventions: Abridgments of Specifications, page 75:

     This communication between the tank and pump is controlled by a float valve in the tanks and a cock in the pipe, while a poppet valve prevents the undrawn liquor going into the waste tank.

7. (anatomy) A connection between two tissues, organs, or cavities.
   • 1855, William Stokes, The Diseases of the Heart and the Aorta Page 617

     ...and here a free communication had been established between the aorta and the vena cava.

8. (obsolete) Association; company.
   • 1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Bible Corinthians/#15 1 Corinthians:15–33:

     Evil communications corrupt good manners.

9. Participation in Holy Communion.
   • 1672, William Cave, Primitive Christianity:

     We admit them in the Church to a right of Communication to drink of the Cup of the Bloud of Christ.

10. (rhetoric) A trope by which a speaker assumes that his hearer is a partner in his sentiments, and says "we" instead of "I" or "you".
    • 1798, James Beattie, Elements of Moral Science:

      Communication […] takes place when a speaker or writer assumes his hearer or reader as a partner in his sentiments and discourse, saying We, instead of I or Ye.

Antonyms

• anticommunication

Hyponyms

• bi-directional communication
• confidential communication
• interprocess communication
• miscommunication
• network communication
• noncommunication
• one-directional communication
• privileged communication
• telecommunication

Derived terms

• biocommunication
• chemocommunication
• commognition
• communication accommodation theory
• communicational
• communication board
• communication cord
• communication disorder
• communication engineering
• communication mix
• communications
• communications satellite
• communication studies
• communication theory
• communicology
• computer-mediated communication
• cross-cultural communication
• cybercommunication
• e-communication
• electrocommunication
• electronic communication
• excommunication
• ex-communication
• exocommunication
• facilitated communication
• intercommunication
• inter-process communication
• line of communication
• malcommunication
• masscom
• mass communication
• metacommunication
• meta-communication
• near field communication
• no-communication theorem
• nonverbal communication
• overcommunication
• PC communication
• power line communication
• power-line communication
• radiocommunication
• recommunication
• record communication
• semicommunication
• space communication
• spirit communication
• spread spectrum communication
• transcommunication
• two-way communication
• uncommunication
• undercommunication
• verbal communication

Related terms

• communicate
• communicator
• communion

Descendants

• → Japanese: コミュニケーション (komyunikēshon)

Translations

act or fact of communicating anything

Danish: kommunikation (da) c Esperanto: komunikado Finnish: kommunikointi, kommunikaatio (fi), viestintä (fi) (messages), välitys (fi) (transmission) French: communication (fr) f Galician: comunicación (gl) f Georgian: კომუნიკაცია (ka) (ḳomuniḳacia) Hungarian: kommunikáció (hu), átadás (hu), továbbadás (hu), továbbítás (hu), átvitel (hu) Indonesian: komunikasi (id) Italian: comunicazione (it) f Javanese: sambung rembug Oromo: quunnamtii Portuguese: comunicação (pt) f Romanian: comunicare (ro) f Russian: распростране́ние (ru) n (rasprostranénije), переда́ча (ru) f (peredáča), сообще́ние (ru) n (soobščénije) Spanish: comunicación (es) f Swedish: kommunikation (sv) c Tagalog: komunikasyon Tetum: komunikasaun Turkish: iletişim (tr), komünikasyon (tr)

concept of exchanging information

Albanian: komunikim (sq) m Arabic: اِتِّصَالَات f pl (ittiṣālāt), اِتِّصَال (ar) m (ittiṣāl) Armenian: հաղորդակցություն (hy) (haġordakcʻutʻyun), կապ (hy) (kap) Azerbaijani: əlaqə (az), rabitə (az), kommunikasiya, ünsiyyət (az) Belarusian: камуніка́цыя f (kamunikácyja), зно́сіны f pl (znósiny) Bengali: যোগাযোগ (bn) (jōgajōg) Bulgarian: общу́ване (bg) n (obštúvane), обще́ние n (obšténie), връ́зка (bg) f (vrǎ́zka), комуника́ция f (komunikácija) Burmese: ဆက်သွယ်ရေး (my) (hcakswaire:) Catalan: comunicació (ca) f Chinese: Cantonese: 通信 (tung1 seon3), 溝通 / 沟通 (kau1 tung1 / gau1 tung1), 交流 (gaau1 lau4) Mandarin: 通信 (zh) (tōngxìn), 溝通 / 沟通 (zh) (gōutōng), 交流 (zh) (jiāoliú) Czech: dorozumívání (cs) n, komunikace (cs) f Danish: kommunikation (da), forbindelse (da) c Dutch: communicatie (nl), verbinding (nl) f Estonian: kommunikatsioon (et), side (et) Faroese: samskifti n Finnish: yhteydenpito (fi), kommunikaatio (fi), viestintä (fi) French: communication (fr) f Galician: comunicación (gl) f Georgian: კომუნიკაცია (ka) (ḳomuniḳacia) German: Kommunikation (de) f, Informationsaustausch m Greek: επικοινωνία (el) f (epikoinonía) Greenlandic: attaveqaqatigiinneq Hebrew: תקשורת \ תִּקְשֹׁרֶת (he) f (tikshóret), קֶשֶׁר (he) m (késher) Hindi: संचार (hi) m (sañcār) Hungarian: érintkezés (hu), közlés (hu), kommunikáció (hu), kapcsolat (hu), kapcsolattartás (hu), (field of science) hírközlés (hu), távközlés (hu), híradástechnika (hu) Icelandic: samskipti n pl Ido: komuniko (io) Indonesian: komunikasi (id) Irish: cumarsáid (ga) f Italian: comunicazione (it) Japanese: 交流 (ja) (こうりゅう, kōryū), 対話 (ja) (たいわ, taiwa), 遣り取り (ja) (やりとり, yaritori), 通信 (ja) (つうしん, tsūshin), コミュニケーション (ja) (komyunikēshon), 意思疎通 (いしそつう, ishi sotsuu) Kazakh: қатынасу (kk) (qatynasu), байланыс (bailanys) Khmer: គមនាគមន៍ (km) (kumməniəkum) Korean: 통신(通信) (ko) (tongsin), 커뮤니케이션 (keomyunikeisyeon), 소통(疏通) (ko) (sotong), 의사소통(意思疏通) (uisasotong) Kyrgyz: коммуникация (ky) (kommunikatsiya), катташуу (kattaşuu), катышуу (ky) (katışuu) Lao: ການສື່ສານ (lo) (kān sư̄ sān), ຄົມມະນາຄົມ (khom ma nā khom) Latin: commūnicātiō f Latvian: saziņa f, komunikācija f Lithuanian: bendravimas m, komunikacija (lt) f Macedonian: комуникација f (komunikacija), општење n (opštenje) Malay: perhubungan (ms), komunikasi Marathi: दळणवळण n (daḷṇavḷaṇ), संदेशवहन n (sandeśavhan) Mongolian: Cyrillic: харилцаа (mn) (xarilcaa) Norwegian: Bokmål: kommunikasjon (no) m Nynorsk: kommunikasjon m Persian: Iranian Persian: اِرْتِباط (fa) (ertebât), اِبْلاغ (fa) (eblâġ) Polish: komunikacja (pl) f Portuguese: comunicação (pt) f Romanian: comunicare (ro) f, comunicație (ro) f, (please verify) legătură (ro) f Russian: коммуника́ция (ru) f (kommunikácija), обще́ние (ru) n (obščénije), связь (ru) f (svjazʹ), сообще́ние (ru) n (soobščénije) Sanskrit: संचार (sa) m (saṃcāra), सञ्चार (sa) m (sañcāra) Serbo-Croatian: Cyrillic: комуника́ција f Roman: komunikácija (sh) f Slovak: komunikácia f, dorozumenie n Slovene: komunikacija f, občevanje n, odnos (sl) m Spanish: comunicación (es) f Swahili: mawasiliano (sw) Swedish: kommunikation (sv) Tagalog: pahatiran, komunikasyon Tajik: иртибот (irtibot), иблоғ (ibloġ) Thai: การสื่อสาร (th) (gaan-sʉ̀ʉ-sǎan), คมนาคม (th) (ká-má-naa-kom) Turkish: komünikasyon (tr), iletişim (tr) Ukrainian: комуніка́ція f (komunikácija), спілкува́ння n (spilkuvánnja) Urdu: اِبْلاغ (ur) m (iblāġ), رابْطَہ m (rābta), مُواصَلات m (muāsalāt), رابِطَہ m (rābita) Uzbek: kommunikatsiya (uz), munosabat (uz), aloqa (uz) Vietnamese: truyền thông (vi) (傳通) Yiddish: קאָמוניקאַציע f (komunikatsye)

message

Arabic: رِسَالَة f (risāla), خَبَر m (ḵabar), مَعْلُومَة f (maʕlūma) Armenian: հաղորդագրություն (hy) (haġordagrutʻyun) Belarusian: паведамле́нне n (pavjedamljénnje), паведамле́ньне n (pavjedamljénʹnje) Bulgarian: съобще́ние (bg) n (sǎobšténie) Chinese: Mandarin: 訊息 / 讯息 (zh) (xùnxí) Czech: zpráva (cs) f Finnish: yhteydenotto (fi), viesti (fi) French: communication (fr) f, message (fr) m Galician: comunicado m German: Kommunikation (de) f, Mitteilung (de) f Greek: επικοινωνία (el) f (epikoinonía) Hebrew: מֶסֶר (he) m (méser), הוֹדָעָה f (hoda'á) Hindi: सन्देश (hi) m (sandeś) Hungarian: értesítés (hu), közlemény (hu), híradás (hu), hír (hu), üzenet (hu) Italian: avviso (it) m Japanese: 伝言 (ja) (でんごん, dengon) Korean: 소식(消息) (ko) (sosik) Macedonian: порака f (poraka) Marathi: संदेश m (sandeś) Norwegian: Bokmål: kommunikasjon (no) m Nynorsk: kommunikasjon m Persian: Iranian Persian: پَیام (fa) (payâm), پِیْغام (fa) (peyġâm), خَبَر (fa) (xabar), رِسالِه (fa) (resâle) Polish: wiadomość (pl) f Portuguese: comunicação (pt) f, comunicado (pt) m Romanian: comunicare (ro), veste (ro) n, știre (ro) f, mesaj (ro) n Russian: сообще́ние (ru) n (soobščénije) Serbo-Croatian: Cyrillic: саопће́ње n, по̏рука f, по̀сланица f Roman: saopćénje n, pȍruka (sh) f, pòslanica (sh) f Slovak: správa (sk) f Slovene: sporočilo (sl) n Spanish: comunicado (es) m Swedish: kommunikation (sv) c Tagalog: pahatid, mensahe Tajik: пайом (tg) (payom), рисола (risola), хабар (tg) (xabar) Turkish: mesaj (tr) Ukrainian: повідо́млення n (povidómlennja) Urdu: رِسالَہ m (risāla), پَیغام m (paiġām), رِسالَہ m (risāla) Uzbek: xabar (uz), risola (uz)

body of data exchange

Bulgarian: съобще́ние (bg) n (sǎobšténie) Chinese: Mandarin: 通訊設施 / 通讯设施 (tōngxìn shèshī) Finnish: sanoma (fi) French: communication (fr) f German: Kommunikationsdaten pl f Hungarian: üzenetváltás (hu), levelezés (hu), kommunikáció (hu) Italian: comunicazione (it) f Norwegian: Bokmål: kommunikasjon (no) m Nynorsk: kommunikasjon m Russian: сообще́ние (ru) n (soobščénije) Turkish: veri transferi

instance of data transfer

Chinese: Mandarin: 通信 (zh) (tōngxìn) Finnish: kanssakäyminen (fi) French: communication (fr) f German: Kommunikation (de) f Hebrew: מֶסֶר (he) m (méser), הוֹדָעָה f (hoda'á) Hungarian: kapcsolattartás (hu), érintkezés (hu), üzenetváltás (hu), kommunikáció (hu) Italian: comunicazione (it) f, trasmissione (it) f Norwegian: Bokmål: kommunikasjon (no) m Nynorsk: kommunikasjon m Russian: сообще́ние (ru) n (soobščénije) Swedish: kommunikation (sv) c Tagalog: pahatiran Turkish: iletişim (tr)

passageway or opening

Finnish: kulkuyhteys German: Durchgang (de) m Hebrew: מַעֲבָר (he) m (ma'avár) Hungarian: összeköttetés (hu), átjáró (hu), átjárás (hu), kapcsolat (hu), kapcsolódás (hu) Italian: comunicazione (it) f, collegamento (it) m Polish: komunikacja (pl) f Portuguese: comunicação (pt) f (1) Romanian: comunicație (ro) f Russian: сообще́ние (ru) n (soobščénije) Turkish: geçit (tr), pasaj (tr)

connection between tissues

Finnish: kommunikaatio (fi), yhteys (fi) French: communication (fr) f German: Verbindung (de) f Italian: comunicazione (it) f Malay: komunikasi Portuguese: comunicação (pt) f (1), conexão (pt) Romanian: legătură (ro) f Turkish: bağlantı (tr)

participation in Holy Communion

Hungarian: áldozás (hu), szentáldozás (hu), úrvacsora (hu) Italian: comunione (it) f Russian: причаще́ние (ru) n (pričaščénije)

trope in rhetoric

The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.

Translations to be checked

Lithuanian: (please verify) komunikacija (lt) Persian: (please verify) ارتباط (fa) (ertebât) Serbo-Croatian: (please verify) komuniciranje (sh)

References

• “communication”, in OneLook Dictionary Search.
• communication in Keywords for Today: A 21st Century Vocabulary, edited by The Keywords Project, Colin MacCabe, Holly Yanacek, 2018.
• "communication" in Raymond Williams, Keywords (revised), 1983, Fontana Press, page 72.
• William Dwight Whitney, Benjamin E[li] Smith, editors (1911), “communication”, in The Century Dictionary […], New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., →OCLC.

Further reading

• communication on Wikipedia.Wikipedia

French

Alternative forms

• communicaison

Etymology

Inherited from Old French communicacion, borrowed from Latin commūnicātiōnem (“sharing, communication”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /kɔ.my.ni.ka.sjɔ̃/

• Audio; “une communication”:

  (file)

• Audio (France (Vosges)):

  (file)

• Audio (France (Grenoble)):

  (file)

• Audio (France (Vosges)):

  (file)

• Audio (France (Lyon)):

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Noun

communication f (plural communications)

1. communication

Derived terms

• chargé de communication
• voie de communication

Related terms

• communiquer

Further reading

• “communication”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.

Middle English

Noun

communication

1. alternative form of comunicacioun