erus

See also: ERUs

Latin

Alternative forms

• herus

Etymology

From Proto-Italic *ezos (“master”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₁esh₂ós (“master”). Cognate with Hittite 𒅖𒄩𒀀𒀸 (“išhāš "master"”).

A connection with heres (“heir”) and hirudo (“leech”) has also been proposed by Charlton Lewis and Charles Short, making its stem instead from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰeh₁ro- (“derelict”). Cognates would include Ancient Greek χήρα (khḗra, “widow”), Sanskrit हरति (harati, “to seize”) and हरण (haraṇa, “abduction”).

Pronunciation

• (Classical Latin) IPA^(key): [ˈɛ.rʊs]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): [ˈɛː.rus]

Noun

erus m (genitive erī, feminine era); second declension

1. master of the house or family

   Synonym: dominus

2. (by extension) a spouse, husband; an owner; a ruler, sovereign; a divinity, god

Declension

Second-declension noun.

	singular	plural
nominative	erus	erī
genitive	erī	erōrum
dative	erō	erīs
accusative	erum	erōs
ablative	erō	erīs
vocative	ere	erī

Derived terms

• erifuga
• erīlis
• eritūdō
• herulus

References

• “erus”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “erus”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891), An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• "erus", in Charles du Fresne du Cange, Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
• “erus”, in Gaffiot, Félix (1934), Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
• Pokorny, Julius (1959), Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 1, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, page 342