exuo

Latin

Etymology

From ex- +‎ *uō. Akin to Proto-Slavic *jьzuti.

Pronunciation

• (Classical Latin) IPA^(key): [ˈɛk.su.oː]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): [ˈɛk.su.o]

Verb

exuō (present infinitive exuere, perfect active exuī, supine exūtum); third conjugation

1. to extract, take out, draw out, pull off

   Synonyms: extrahō, excipiō, exciō, ēdūcō

   Antonyms: intrōferō, īnserō, īnferō, īnsertō

2. to free

   Synonyms: eximō, līberō, absolvō, vindicō, exonerō, excipiō, prīvō

   Antonyms: refrēnō, coërceō, saepiō, officiō, obstō, comprimō, impediō, arceō, supprimō

3. to take off (clothes, shoes); doff

   Synonyms: nūdō, spoliō

   Antonyms: velō, indūcō, induō, saepiō, sūmō

   • c. 125 CE – 180 CE, Apuleius, Metamorphoses 1.18:

     manticam meam umerō exuō

     I take off my sack from my shoulder

4. to refuse
5. (figuratively) put off, away, or out; take or strip off or away; remove; free from; lay or set aside
   • 29 BCE – 19 BCE, Virgil, Aeneid 4.318–319:

     “[...] Miserēre domus lābentis, et istam —
     ōrō, sī quis adhūc precibus locus — exue mentem.”

     “Take pity on a house that is falling, and that [plan of yours] — I beg [you], if yet there is any place for prayers — put [it] out of your mind.”

Conjugation

   Conjugation of exuō (third conjugation)

indicative		singular						plural
		first		second		third		first		second		third
active	present	exuō		exuis		exuit		exuimus		exuitis		exuunt
	imperfect	exuēbam		exuēbās		exuēbat		exuēbāmus		exuēbātis		exuēbant
	future	exuam		exuēs		exuet		exuēmus		exuētis		exuent
	perfect	exuī		exuistī		exuit		exuimus		exuistis		exuērunt, exuēre
	pluperfect	exueram		exuerās		exuerat		exuerāmus		exuerātis		exuerant
	future perfect	exuerō		exueris		exuerit		exuerimus		exueritis		exuerint
	sigmatic future1	exūssō		exūssis		exūssit		exūssimus		exūssitis		exūssint
passive	present	exuor		exueris, exuere		exuitur		exuimur		exuiminī		exuuntur
	imperfect	exuēbar		exuēbāris, exuēbāre		exuēbātur		exuēbāmur		exuēbāminī		exuēbantur
	future	exuar		exuēris, exuēre		exuētur		exuēmur		exuēminī		exuentur
	perfect	exūtus + present active indicative of sum
	pluperfect	exūtus + imperfect active indicative of sum
	future perfect	exūtus + future active indicative of sum
subjunctive		singular						plural
		first		second		third		first		second		third
active	present	exuam		exuās		exuat		exuāmus		exuātis		exuant
	imperfect	exuerem		exuerēs		exueret		exuerēmus		exuerētis		exuerent
	perfect	exuerim		exuerīs		exuerit		exuerīmus		exuerītis		exuerint
	pluperfect	exuissem		exuissēs		exuisset		exuissēmus		exuissētis		exuissent
	sigmatic aorist1	exūssim		exūssīs		exūssīt		exūssīmus		exūssītis		exūssint
passive	present	exuar		exuāris, exuāre		exuātur		exuāmur		exuāminī		exuantur
	imperfect	exuerer		exuerēris, exuerēre		exuerētur		exuerēmur		exuerēminī		exuerentur
	perfect	exūtus + present active subjunctive of sum
	pluperfect	exūtus + imperfect active subjunctive of sum
imperative		singular						plural
		first		second		third		first		second		third
active	present	—		exue		—		—		exuite		—
	future	—		exuitō		exuitō		—		exuitōte		exuuntō
passive	present	—		exuere		—		—		exuiminī		—
	future	—		exuitor		exuitor		—		—		exuuntor
non-finite forms		infinitive						participle
		active			passive			active			passive
present		exuere			exuī			exuēns			—
future		exūtūrum esse			exūtum īrī			exūtūrus			exuendus
perfect		exuisse			exūtum esse			—			exūtus
future perfect		—			exūtum fore			—			—
perfect potential		exūtūrum fuisse			—			—			—
verbal nouns		gerund								supine
		genitive		dative		accusative		ablative		accusative		ablative
		exuendī		exuendō		exuendum		exuendō		exūtum		exūtū

¹At least one use of the Old Latin "sigmatic future" and "sigmatic aorist" tenses is attested, which are used by Old Latin writers; most notably Plautus and Terence. The sigmatic future is generally ascribed a future or future perfect meaning, while the sigmatic aorist expresses a possible desire ("might want to").

Derived terms

• exūtiō
• exuviae

Related terms

• induō

References

• “exuo”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “exuo”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891), An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• “exuo”, in Gaffiot, Félix (1934), Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
• Carl Meißner; Henry William Auden (1894), Latin Phrase-Book‎, London: Macmillan and Co.
  • to be quite insensible to all feelings of humanity: omnem humanitatem exuisse, abiecisse (Lig. 5. 14)
    
  • to undress: vestem ponere (exuere)
    
  • to shake off the yoke of slavery: servitutem exuere (Liv. 34. 7)
    
  • to disarm a person: armis (castris) exuere aliquem