fio

See also: fío and fi'o

Catalan

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): (Central) [ˈfi.u]
• IPA^(key): (Balearic, Valencia) [ˈfi.o]

Verb

fio

1. first-person singular present indicative of fiar

Esperanto

Greek Alphabet

Φφ	Previous:	upsilono
	Next:	ĥio

Esperanto Wikipedia has an article on:

fio

Wikipedia ^eo

Etymology

From Ancient Greek φῖ (phî, “the letter Φ”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈfio/

• Audio:

  (file)

• Rhymes: -io
• Hyphenation: fi‧o

Noun

fio (accusative singular fion, plural fioj, accusative plural fiojn)

1. phi

Galician

Verb

fio

1. (reintegrationist norm) first-person singular present indicative of fiar

Italian

Etymology

From Old French fieu (“fief”), from Frankish *fehu, from Proto-Germanic *fehu, from Proto-Indo-European *péḱu (“livestock”).

Noun

fio m (plural fii)

1. retribution
2. penalty

Latin

Etymology

From Proto-Italic *fuiō, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *bʰuH- (“to grow, become, come into being, appear”). Compare with fuī, originally the perfect of this verb but now attached to sum (“to be”); and constructions with -bō, -bam (e.g. amābō, placēbō, nocēbō, monēbam, audiēbam).

The past participle is that of the verb faciō (“to make; to do”), via suppletion.

Pronunciation

• (Classical Latin) IPA^(key): [ˈfiː.oː]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): [ˈfiː.o]

Verb

fīō

1. first-person singular present passive indicative of faciō

Verb

fīō (present infinitive fierī, perfect active factus sum); third conjugation, suppletive, semi-deponent, no future active participle, irregular long ī

1. (copulative) to become, be made

   Vōs ōrāmus ut discipulī ācerrimī fīātis ― We are begging you to become very keen students

   • 166 BCE, Publius Terentius Afer, Andria 709:

     CHARĪNUS: Quid mē fīet?

     CHARINUS: What will become of me? or, What will happen to me?

2. to happen, take place, result, arise

   Synonyms: interveniō, ēveniō, obveniō, expetō, obtingō, incurrō, accēdō, incidō, accidō, intercidō, contingō

   ut fit ― as happens usually/as is customary

   fit ut ― it happens that

   • 27 BCE – 25 BCE, Titus Livius, Ab Urbe Condita I.13:

     silentium et repentina fit quies

     A stillness and a sudden hush took place

Conjugation

   Conjugation of fīō (third conjugation, suppletive, semi-deponent, no future active participle, irregular long ī)

indicative		singular						plural
		first		second		third		first		second		third
active	present	fīō		fīs		fit		fīmus		fītis		fīunt
	imperfect	fīēbam		fīēbās		fīēbat		fīēbāmus		fīēbātis		fīēbant
	future	fīam		fīēs		fīet		fīēmus		fīētis		fīent
	perfect	factus + present active indicative of sum
	pluperfect	factus + imperfect active indicative of sum
	future perfect	factus + future active indicative of sum
subjunctive		singular						plural
		first		second		third		first		second		third
active	present	fīam		fīās		fīat		fīāmus		fīātis		fīant
	imperfect	fierem		fierēs		fieret		fierēmus		fierētis		fierent
	perfect	factus + present active subjunctive of sum
	pluperfect	factus + imperfect active subjunctive of sum
imperative		singular						plural
		first		second		third		first		second		third
active	present	—		fī		—		—		fīte		—
	future	—		fītō		fītō		—		fītōte		fīuntō
non-finite forms		infinitive						participle
		active			passive			active			passive
present		fierī			—			fīēns			—
future		factum īrī			—			—			fīendus
perfect		factum esse			—			factus			—
future perfect		factum fore			—			—			—
verbal nouns		gerund								supine
		genitive		dative		accusative		ablative		accusative		ablative
		fīendī		fīendō		fīendum		fīendō		factum		factū

Related terms

• faciō
• fīat lūx
• fīat jūstitia ruat cælum^(wp)

Descendants

• Balkano-Romance (blended with sum):
  • Aromanian: hiu
  • Istro-Romanian: fi
  • Megleno-Romanian: săm, iri
  • Romanian: fi
• Italo-Romance (occasionally blended with sum):
  • Old Italian: fire (northern)
• Borrowings:
  • ⇒ English: fiat

References

• “fio”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “fio”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891), An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• “fio”, in Gaffiot, Félix (1934), Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
• Carl Meißner; Henry William Auden (1894), Latin Phrase-Book‎, London: Macmillan and Co.
  • the vegetable kingdom: arbores stirpesque, herbae stirpesque (De Fin. 5. 11. 33)
    
  • the world of sense, the visible world: res sensibus or oculis subiectae (De Fin. 5. 12. 36)
    
  • what is the use of: quid attinet? with Infin.
    
  • those ideas have long ago been given up: illae sententiae iam pridem explosae et eiectae sunt (Fin. 5. 8. 23)
    
  • to give lectures: scholas habere, explicare (Fin. 2. 1. 1)
    
  • subtleties of logic; dilemmas: disserendi spinae (Fin. 4. 28. 79)
    
  • premises; consequences: prima (superiora); consequentia (Fin. 4. 19. 54)
    
  • to let those present fix any subject they like for discussion: ponere iubere, qua de re quis audire velit (Fin. 2. 1. 1)
    
  • to get a question submitted to one: quaestionem poscere (Fin. 2. 1. 1)
    
  • native tongue; vernacular: sermo patrius (Fin. 1. 2. 4)
    
  • to dedicate a book to some one: librum mittere ad aliquem (Fin. 1. 3. 8)
    
  • kindheartedness: bonitas (Fin. 5. 29. 65)
    
  • to be blinded by passions: cupiditatibus occaecari (Fin. 1. 10. 33)
    
  • meagre diet: victus tenuis (Fin. 2. 28. 90)
    
  • the main dish: caput cenae (Fin. 2. 8. 25)
    
  • to live in solitude: in solitudine vivere (Fin. 3. 20. 65)
    
  • an anecdote: narratiuncula, fabella (Fin. 5. 15)
    
  • to prescribe in one's will: testamento aliquid cavere (Fin. 2. 31)
    
  • banished from public life: gerendis negotiis orbatus (Fin. 5. 20. 57)
    
  • the senate decrees to Africanus the honours of a triumph: triumphum senatus Africano decernit (Fin. 4. 9. 22)
    
  • (ambiguous) to meet some one by chance: obvium or obviam esse, obviam fieri
    
  • (ambiguous) what will become of him: quid illo fiet?
    
  • (ambiguous) to become known, become a topic of common conversation (used of things): foras efferri, palam fieri, percrebrescere, divulgari, in medium proferri, exire, emanare
    
  • (ambiguous) to be the talk of the town, a scandal: fabulam fieri
    
  • (ambiguous) to become famous, distinguish oneself: clarum fieri, nobilitari, illustrari (not the post-classical clarescere or inclarescere
    
  • (ambiguous) what will become of me: quid (de) me fiet? (Ter. Heaut. 4. 3. 37)
    
  • (ambiguous) to have to pay a vow; to obtain one's wish: voti damnari, compotem fieri
    
  • (ambiguous) what is going on? how are you getting on: quid agitur? quid fit?
    
  • (ambiguous) as usually happens: ut fit, ita ut fit, ut fere fit
    
  • (ambiguous) as usually happens: ut solet, ut fieri solet
    
  • (ambiguous) the price of corn is going down: annona laxatur, levatur, vilior fit
    
  • (ambiguous) what is your opinion: quid de ea re fieri placet?
    
  • (ambiguous) a resolution of the senate (not opposed by a tribunicial veto) was made: senatus consultum fit (Att. 2. 24. 3)
    
  • (ambiguous) some one is accused: aliquis reus fit (Fam. 13. 54)
    
• Sihler, Andrew L. (1995), New Comparative Grammar of Greek and Latin, Oxford, New York: Oxford University Press, →ISBN
• Pokorny, Julius (1959), Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 1, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, page 146
• Dizionario Latino, Olivetti

Old Galician-Portuguese

Pronunciation

• (Galicia) IPA^(key): /ˈfi.o/
• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /ˈfi.ʊ/
• Rhymes: -io

Etymology 1

Inherited from Latin fīlum. Cognate with Old Spanish filo and Old French fil.

Noun

fio m (plural fios)

1. thread, string

Derived terms

• a fio

Related terms

• fiar

Descendants

• Galician: fío
• Portuguese: fio

Etymology 2

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Verb

fio

1. first-person singular present indicative of fiar

Further reading

• Universo Cantigas - "fio"

Portuguese

Pronunciation

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /ˈfi.u/, /ˈfiw/ [ˈfiʊ̯]

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /ˈfi.u/

• (Lisbon) IPA^(key): /ˈfiw/
• Rhymes: -iu
• Hyphenation: fi‧o

Etymology 1

Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese fio, from Latin fīlum. Compare Galician fío and Spanish filo, hilo.

Noun

fio m (plural fios)

1. (textiles) thread
2. string
3. trickle (a very thin flow)

   fio de água ― water trickle

   fio de azeite ― olive oil drizzle

4. edge (thin cutting side of a blade)

   Synonym: gume

   fio da navalha ― razor's edge

5. (jewelry) chain
6. (electronics) wire

Derived terms

• afiar
• desfiar
• fiar
• fio condutor
• fio dental
• fiozinho

Related terms

• afilar
• desfilar
• desfile
• fila
• filamento
• filé
• fileira
• filele
• filete

Etymology 2

Semantic loan from English thread.

Noun

fio m (plural fios)

1. (Internet slang) thread (series of messages, generally grouped by subject)

Etymology 3

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Verb

fio

1. first-person singular present indicative of fiar

Etymology 4

Noun

fio m (plural fio or fios, feminine fia, feminine plural fia or fias)

1. pronunciation spelling of filho, representing Caipira Portuguese
   • É, professora, meu fio não aguentou as gozações da mininada. Eu tentei fazê ele continuá, mas não teve jeito. Ele tava chateado demais.

     Welp, teacher, ma son couldn't handle the children's pranks. I tried ta make 'im stay there, but there was no talkin' him out of it. He was just too upset.

2. pronunciation spelling of filhos, representing Caipira Portuguese
   • (Can we date this quote?), Wulcino Teixeira de Carvalho, Bravuras E Bravatas De Um Caipira:

     Ele jurô pur Deus, pela sarvação da árma da mãe dele... [...] qui os fio dele pudia nascer tudo morto, se aquilo num fosse vredade... só aí qui uns gato-pingado resorvêro acriditar.

     He swore ta God, to the salvation o' the soul of his Ma... ... 'n that may his children all arrive stillborn if it wern't troo... only den did some very few people dicide to believe 'im.

Further reading

• “fio”, in Dicionário Aulete Digital (in Portuguese), Rio de Janeiro: Lexikon Editora Digital, 2008–2025
• “fio”, in Dicionário Priberam da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), Lisbon: Priberam, 2008–2025

Romansch

Etymology

From Late Latin fīcātum (“liver”), from Latin iecur fīcātum (“fig-stuffed liver”).

Noun

fio m (plural fios)

1. (anatomy, Puter) liver

Synonyms

• (Rumantsch Grischun, Vallader) gnirom
• (Surmiran) nirom
• (Puter) gniram
• (Rumantsch Grischun, Sursilvan, Sutsilvan) dir
• (Surmiran) deir

Spanish

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈfjo/ [ˈfjo]
• Rhymes: -o
• Syllabification: fio

Verb

fio

1. third-person singular preterite indicative of fiar