Particle
inar (form used before non-past tenses ina) (used before a past tense; triggers lenition of a following consonant except in the autonomous form)
- in which/whom
an fear inar chuir mé muinín- the man in whom I trusted
an tír inar táirgeadh é- the country in which it was made
Particle
inar (form used before a vowel in the present/future inarb, form used before a vowel in the past/conditional inarbh) (used before a consonant sound; triggers lenition in the past/conditional)
- in which/whom is
an seomra inar mian liom codladh- the room in which I want to sleep
- in which/whom was/would be
an tír inar mhaith liom bheith i mo chónaí- the country in which I would like to live
More information simple copular forms, affirmative ...
Irish copular forms
| simple copular forms |
| affirmative | negative | interrogative | negative
interrogative |
| present/future |
| main clause |
is | ní | an | nach |
| relative clause |
direct |
nach |
– |
| indirect |
ar, arbv |
| other subordinate clause |
gur, gurbv | an | nach |
| past/conditional |
| main clause |
ba, b’v | níor, níorbhv | ar, arbhv | nár, nárbhv |
| relative clause |
direct |
ba, abv |
nár, nárbhv |
– |
| indirect |
ar, arbhv |
| other subordinate clause |
gur, gurbhv | ar, arbhv | nár, nárbhv |
| present subjunctive |
| – |
gura, gurabv | nára, nárabv |
– |
|
| compound copular forms |
| base word | present/future | past/conditional |
| cá |
cár, cárbv | cár, cárbhv |
| cé |
cér, cérbv | cér, cérbhv |
| dá |
– |
dá mba, dá mb’v |
| de/do |
dar, darbv | dar, darbhv |
| faoi |
faoinar, faoinarbv | faoinar, faoinarbhv |
| i |
inar, inarbv | inar, inarbhv |
| le |
lenar, lenarbv | lenar, lenarbhv |
| má |
más | má ba, má b’v |
| mura |
mura, murabv | murar, murarbhv |
| ó (preposition) |
ónar, ónarbv | ónar, ónarbhv |
| ó (conjunction) |
ós | ó ba, ó b’v |
| trí |
trínar, trínarbv | trínar, trínarbhv |
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v Used before vowel sounds
More information contracted with, copular forms ...
Irish preposition contractions
|
contracted with |
copular forms |
| base form |
an (“the sg”) | na (“the pl”) | mo (“my”) | do (“your”) | a (“his, her, their; which (present)”) | ár (“our”) | ar (“which (past)”) | before a consonant | before a vowel |
| present/future |
past/conditional |
| de (“from”) |
den | de na
desna* | de mo
dem* | de do
ded*, det* | dá |
dár | dar | darb | darbh |
| do (“to, for”) |
don | do na
dosna* | do mo
dom* | do do
dod*, dot* | dá |
dár | dar | darb | darbh |
| faoi (“under, about”) |
faoin | faoi na | faoi mo | faoi do | faoina | faoinár |
faoinar | faoinarb | faoinarbh |
| i (“in”) |
sa, san | sna | i mo
im* | i do
id*, it* | ina | inár |
inar | inarb | inarbh |
| le (“with”) |
leis an | leis na | le mo
lem* | le do
led*, let* | lena | lenár |
lenar | lenarb | lenarbh |
| ó (“from, since”) |
ón | ó na
ósna* | ó mo
óm* | ó do
ód*, ót* | óna | ónár |
ónar | ónarb | ónarbh |
| trí (“through”) |
tríd an | trí na | trí mo | trí do | trína | trínár |
trínar | trínarb | trínarbh |
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