iri

See also: Appendix:Variations of "iri"

Azerbaijani

Etymology

From Proto-Turkic *idrig. Cognate with Ottoman Turkish ايرى (iri), Karakhanid [script needed] (irig), Turkish iri, Gagauz iiri, Bashkir эре (ere). Probably cognate with Hungarian öreg, a Turkic borrowing.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [iˈri]
• Hyphenation: i‧ri

• Audio:

  (file)

Adjective

iri (comparative daha iri, superlative ən iri)

1. large

   Synonym: böyük

2. coarse (composed of large parts or particles)

Antonyms

• xırda

Derived terms

• irimiqyaslı (“large-scale”)

Descendants

• → Lezgi: ири (iri)

References

• Orucov, Əliheydər, editor (2006), “iri”, in Azərbaycan dilinin izahlı lüğəti [Explanatory Dictionary of the Azerbaijani Language]‎ (in Azerbaijani), 2nd edition, Baku: Şərq-Qərb

Esperanto

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin īre (“to go”). Compare obsolete Italian gire, ire, Portuguese and Spanish ir, Romanian ii.

Pronunciation

• Audio:

  (file)

• IPA^(key): /ˈiri/
• Rhymes: -iri
• Hyphenation: i‧ri

Verb

iri (present iras, past iris, future iros, conditional irus, volitive iru)

1. (intransitive) to go

   Mi iris al Novjorko per trajno.

   I went to New York City by train.

Conjugation

Conjugation of iri

		present		past		future
		singular	plural	singular	plural	singular	plural
tense		iras		iris		iros
active participle		iranta	irantaj	irinta	irintaj	ironta	irontaj
	acc.	irantan	irantajn	irintan	irintajn	irontan	irontajn
nominal active participle		iranto	irantoj	irinto	irintoj	ironto	irontoj
	acc.	iranton	irantojn	irinton	irintojn	ironton	irontojn
adverbial active participle		irante		irinte		ironte
		infinitive	iri	imperative	iru	conditional	irus

Derived terms

• aliri (“to approach”)
• antaŭiri (“to precede”)
• ekiri (“to set out”)
• eliri (“to exit”)
• eniri (“to enter”)
• foriri (“to leave”)
• iraĉi (“to go badly”)
• iro (“trip, course, run, going”)
• irvojo (“walkway”)
• reiri (“to return”)
• subiri (“to set”) (of a heavenly body)
• trairi (“to traverse”)

Fijian

Noun

iri

1. fan (device)

Verb

iri (iri-va, iriva)

1. to fan

Garifuna

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈiri/

Noun

iri

1. name

   Ka biri? ― What's your name?

   Nibiri bei John. ― My name is John.

Inflection

Possessives of iri

	singular		plural
first	niri		wiri
second	biri		hiri
third	masculine	feminine	hiri
	liri	tiri

Igbo

Igbo numbers ^(edit)

		100
←  1	←  9	10	11  →	20  →
		1
Cardinal: ìri     Ordinal: ǹke īri

Numeral

ìri

1. ten

Indonesian

Noun

iri

1. envy

Inupiaq

Etymology

From Proto-Inuit *ǝžǝ, from Proto-Eskimo *ǝðǝ. Cognate with Inuktitut ᐃᔨ (iyi), Greenlandic isi.

Noun

iri (dual irrak, plural irrit)

1. (anatomy) eye

Japanese

Romanization

iri

1. Rōmaji transcription of いり

Javanese

Noun

iri

1. envy

Kakanda

Noun

iri

1. water

Further reading

• Roger Blench, The Nupoid Languages of West-Central Nigeria: Overview and Comparative Wordlist (2013)

Latin

Verb

īrī

1. present passive infinitive of eō

Usage notes

When īrī immediately follows the supine form of a Latin verb in an accusative and infinitive clause (indirect statement), the resulting phrase is the future passive infinitive form of that verb in the oratio obliqua:

e.g. "Vidēbat reum absolūtum īrī." (Cic. Verr. II 2,74): "He saw that the defendant was going to be acquitted."

(same meaning: *"Vidēbat fore ut reus absolverētur.")

References

• “iri”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “iri”, in Gaffiot, Félix (1934), Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.

Norwegian Nynorsk

Adjective

iri

1. (non-standard since 2012) neuter of iren
2. (non-standard since 2012) feminine of iren

Nyishi

Alternative forms

• irik, erek

Etymology

i- (“noun prefix”) +‎ Proto-Tani *rjek.

Noun

iri

1. pig

References

• P. T. Abraham (2005), A Grammar of Nyishi Language‎, Delhi: Farsight Publishers and Distributors

Sranan Tongo

Etymology

Probably a borrowing from Dutch hiel. The other creole languages have terms corresponding to bakafutu.

Noun

iri

1. heel

   Synonym: bakafutu

Sumerian

Romanization

iri

1. romanization of 𒌷 (iri)

Tagalog

Alternative forms

• yri — obsolete, Spanish-based spelling
• ire — colloquial

Etymology 1

Pronunciation

• (Standard Tagalog)
  • IPA^(key): /ʔiˈɾi/ [ʔɪˈɾɪ]
    • Rhymes: -i
  • IPA^(key): /ˈʔiɾi/ [ˈʔiː.ɾɪ] (obsolete)
• Syllabification: i‧ri

Noun

irí (Baybayin spelling ᜁᜇᜒ)

1. push (act of tensing the muscles of the abdomen in order to expel its contents such as when giving childbirth or defecating)

   Synonym: dagis

Derived terms

• ikairi
• iri-iri
• irihin
• mairi
• mapag-iri
• mapairi
• pag-iri
• pairihin
• umiri

Etymology 2

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *i-di (“that, there”).

Pronunciation

• (Standard Tagalog) IPA^(key): /ʔiˈɾi/ [ʔɪˈɾɪ]
• Rhymes: -i
• Syllabification: i‧ri

Pronoun

irí (Baybayin spelling ᜁᜇᜒ) (dialectal)

1. this one; this

   Synonyms: (Manila) ito, (Central Luzon) ari

   Ano ba iri? ― What is this?

Alternative forms

• idi
• yiri — obsolete

Related terms

• ganiri
• niri

See also

Tagalog demonstrative pronouns

	Direct (ang)	Indirect (ng)	Oblique (sa)	Locative (nasa)	Existential	Manner (gaya ng)
Near speaker*	ari/are, iri/ire/idi, yari**	nari/nare, niri/nire/nidi, niyari†	dini/dine	nandini, narini, nairi/naidi, naari	ere/eri, here/heri, ayri	ganari, ganiri, garini(garni), gayari†
Near speaker and listener*	ito	nito	dito	nandito, narito, naito**	heto, eto, ayto†	ganito, garito(garto)**
Near listener	iyan, yaan	niyan	diyan/diyaan	nandiyan/nandiyaan, nariyan(naryan), nayan/nayaan**, naiyan‡	hayan, ayan	ganiyan(ganyan), gay-an**, gariyan**
Remote	iyon, yoon, yaon†	niyon, noon, niyaon†	doon	nandoon, naron/naroon**, nayon/nayoon**, nayaon‡	hayon/hayun, ayon/ayun	ganoon, gayon, gay-on, gayoon‡,garoon‡
*These two series have merged in modern Tagalog. The first row is used in some dialects, the second row is used anywhere else. **These pronouns are used in some dialects. †These pronouns are not commonly used in casual speech but more prevalent in literature. ‡Rare in text.

Etymology 3

Pronunciation

• (Standard Tagalog) IPA^(key): /ʔiˈɾiʔ/ [ʔɪˈɾɪʔ]
• Rhymes: -iʔ
• Syllabification: i‧ri

Noun

irî (Baybayin spelling ᜁᜇᜒ) (obsolete)

1. act of irritating the children
2. inciting foolish things

Etymology 4

Pronunciation

• (Standard Tagalog) IPA^(key): /ˈʔiɾiʔ/ [ˈʔiː.ɾɪʔ]
• Rhymes: -iɾiʔ
• Syllabification: i‧ri

Noun

irì (Baybayin spelling ᜁᜇᜒ) (obsolete)

1. delay; postponement; prolongation

Derived terms

• iri-iri
• magpairi-iri
• mairi

Further reading

• “iri”, in KWF Diksiyonaryo ng Wikang Filipino, Komisyon sa Wikang Filipino, 2024
• “iri”, in Pambansang Diksiyonaryo | Diksiyonaryo.ph, Manila, 2018
• Serrano-Laktaw, Pedro (1914), Diccionario tagálog-hispano, Ateneo de Manila, page 389.
• Noceda, Fr. Juan José de; Sanlucar, Fr. Pedro de (1860), Vocabulario de la lengua tagala, compuesto por varios religiosos doctos y graves‎ (in Spanish), Manila: Ramirez y Giraudier
• Santos, Fr. Domingo de los (1835), Tomas Oliva, editor, Vocabulario de la lengua tagala: primera, y segunda parte.‎ (in Spanish), La imprenta nueva de D. Jose Maria Dayot
• San Buena Ventura, Fr. Pedro de (1613), Juan de Silva, editor, Vocabulario de lengua tagala: El romance castellano puesto primero‎, La Noble Villa de Pila
  • page 313: “Eſto) Yiri (pc) M. pro)”
  • page 374: “Iemir) Iri [(pp)] el queua muy cargado”

Tarifit

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Noun

iri m (plural irawen, Tifinagh spelling ⵉⵔⵉ)

1. neck

Declension

Inflection of iri

	singular	plural
free state	iri	irawen
construct state	yiri	yirawen

Tashelhit

Alternative forms

• ايري — Arabo-Berber Spelling

Etymology

From Medieval Tashelhit er (“to love, to want”), from Proto-Berber *əβr or *ərβ (“to want, to love”).

Cognates include Ghadames əβr (“to want”), Tamasheq erh (“to love, to want”), Senhaja De Srair ara (“to love, to want”), Zenaga ireg (“i want, i desire”), Tamahaq er (“to love, to want”), also compare Moroccan Arabic بغى (“to want, to love”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /iri/

Verb

iri (intensive aorist ttiri, verbal noun tayri, Tifinagh spelling ⵉⵔⵉ, Arabic spelling ايري)

1. to want

   taguri illan atig nns, ur t iri yan ― a word of value, no one wants it.

2. to love

   ar km bahra ttiriġ. ― i love you so much.

Derived terms

• tayri (“love”)

References

• Stroomer, Harry (2025), Dictionnaire berbère tachelḥiyt-français — Tome 2 f—l (Handbook of Oriental Studies – Handbuch der Orientalistik; 188/2) (in French), Leiden, The Netherlands: Brill, →DOI, →ISBN, page 1137a

Turkish

Etymology

From Ottoman Turkish ایری (iri), from Proto-Turkic *idrig, see Azerbaijani iri for more.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /i.ɾi/

• Audio:

  (file)

Adjective

iri

1. large
2. (of grains or particles) coarse

References

• Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–), “iri”, in Nişanyan Sözlük

Yoruba

Etymology 1

Probably cognate with Igala élì and Olukumi èrìrì

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ì.ɾì/

Noun

ìrì

1. dew

Etymology 2

ì- (“nominalizing prefix”) +‎ rí (“to see”)

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ì.ꜜɾí/

Noun

ìrí

1. the act of seeing, sighting, or discovering
2. (idiomatic) experience; sight