lord

See also: Lord and LORD

English

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Lord

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Lord

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Etymology

From Middle English lord and lorde (attested from the 15th century), from earlier (14th century) lourde and other variants which dropped the intervocalic consonant of earlier lowerd, louerd, loverd, laford, and lhoaverd; from Old English hlāford < hlāfweard, a compound of hlāf (“bread”) + weard (“guardian”); see loaf and ward. The term was already being applied broadly prior to the literary development of Old English and was influenced by its common use to translate Latin dominus. Compare Scots laird (“lord”), preserving a separate vowel development (from northern/Scottish Middle English lard, laverd), the Old English compound hlāf-ǣta (“servant”, literally “bread-eater”), and modern English lady, from Old English hlǣfdīġe (“bread-kneader”).^[1] The Middle English word laford was borrowed by Icelandic, where it survives as lávarður. Doublet of hlaford and laird.

Pronunciation

• (Received Pronunciation) IPA^(key): /lɔːd/

• Audio (UK):

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• (General American) IPA^(key): /lɔɹd/

• Audio (US):

  (file)

• Audio (General Australian):

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• Homophone: lored (horse–hoarse merger)
• Homophone: laud (non-rhotic)
• Rhymes: -ɔː(ɹ)d

Noun

lord (plural lords)

1. (obsolete) The master of the servants of a household; (historical) the master of a feudal manor
   • 1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Matthew 24:46:

     Bleſſed is that ſeruant, whome his Lord when he commeth, ſhal finde ſo doing.

   • c. 1596–1598 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Merchant of Venice”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act III, scene ii], line 167:

     Por. ...But now, I was the Lord
     of this faire manſion, maiſter of my ſeruants,
     Queene oer my ſelfe […]

   • 1766, William Blackstone, chapter 418, in Commentaries on the Laws of England, book II (Of the Rights of Things), Oxford, Oxfordshire: […] Clarendon Press, →OCLC:

     Lords of manors are distinguished from other land-owners with regard to the game.

   1. (archaic) The male head of a household, a father or husband.
      • 831, charter in Henry Sweet, The oldest English texts, 445

        Ymbe ðet lond et cert ðe hire eðelmod hire hlabard salde.

      • 1594, William Shakespeare, Lucrece (First Quarto), London: […] Richard Field, for Iohn Harrison, […], →OCLC:

        […] thou worthie Lord,
        Of that vnworthie wife that greeteth thee

      • c. 1590–1592 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Taming of the Shrew”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act V, scene ii], line 131:

        Pet. Katherine, I charge thee, tell theſe head-ſtrong women,
        What dutie they doe owe their Lords and huſbands!

      • 1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Genesis 18:12:

        Therefore Sarah laughed within her ſelfe, ſaying, After I am waxed old, ſhall I haue pleaſure, my lord being old alſo?

      • 1815 December (indicated as 1816), [Jane Austen], chapter XVI, in Emma: […], volume III, London: […] [Charles Roworth and James Moyes] for John Murray, →OCLC, page 300:

        Yes, here I am, my good friend; and here I have been so long, that anywhere else I should think it necessary to apologise; but, the truth is, that I am waiting for my lord and master.

   2. (archaic) The owner of a house, piece of land, or other possession
      • 1480, Waterford Archives in the 10th Report of the Royal Commission on Historical Manuscripts (1885), App. v. 316

        All suche lordes as have gutters betuxte thar houses.

      • ante 1637, Ben Jonson, Sad Shepherd, ii. i. 36

        A mightie Lord of Swine!

      • 1697, Virgil, “The Twelfth Book of the Æneis”, in John Dryden, transl., The Works of Virgil: Containing His Pastorals, Georgics, and Æneis. […], London: […] Jacob Tonson, […], →OCLC:

        Turnus […]
        Wrench'd from his feeble hold the shining Sword;
        And plung'd it in the Bosom of its Lord.

      • 1874, J. H. Collins, “Principles of Metal Mining”, in Gloss, published 1875, 139/2:

        Lord, the owner of the land in which a mine is situated is called the ‘lord’.

2. One possessing similar mastery over others; (historical) any feudal superior generally; any nobleman or aristocrat; any chief, prince, or sovereign ruler; in Scotland, a male member of the lowest rank of nobility (the equivalent rank in England is baron)
   • c. 893, Orosius's History, i. i. §13

     Ohthere sæde his hlaforde, Ælfrede cyninge, þæt...

   • 1530, John Palsgrave, Lesclarcissement, 680/1:

     It is a pytuouse case... whan subjectes rebell agaynst their naturall lorde.

   • 1667, John Milton, “Book XII”, in Paradise Lost. […], London: […] [Samuel Simmons], and are to be sold by Peter Parker […]; [a]nd by Robert Boulter […]; [a]nd Matthias Walker, […], →OCLC; republished as Paradise Lost in Ten Books: […], London: Basil Montagu Pickering […], 1873, →OCLC:

     Man over men He made not Lord.

   1. (historical) A feudal tenant holding his manor directly of the king
   2. A peer of the realm, particularly a temporal one
      • ante 1420, T. Hoccleve, De Regimine Principum, 442

        Men myghten lordis knowe

        By there arraye, from oþir folke.

      • 1453, Rolls of Parliament, V. 266/2

        If such persone bee of the estate of a Lord, as Duc, Marques, Erle, Viscount or Baron.

      • 1595 December 9 (first known performance), William Shakespeare, “The life and death of King Richard the Second”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies: Published According to the True Originall Copies (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act IV, scene 1], line 18:

        Princes, and noble Lords:
        What anſwer ſhall I make to this baſe man?

      • 1614, John Selden, chapter III, in Titles of Honor, London: […] William Stansby for Iohn Helme, […], →OCLC, 1st part, page 59:

        In origination of our Engliſh name Lord, vvhereby vve and the Scots ſtile all ſuch as are of the Greater Nobilitie i. Barons, as alſo Biſhops, its not eaſie to ſatisfie you.

      • 1900 July 21, Daily Express:

        The Englishman of to-day still dearly loves a lord.

   3. (obsolete, uncommon) A baron or lesser nobleman, as opposed to greater ones
      • 1526, W. Bonde, Pylgrimage of Perfection, i. sig. Bviiiv

        Farre excellyng the state of lordes, erles, dukes or kynges.

      • 1826, Benjamin Disraeli, Vivian Grey, II. iii. iii. 26:

        The Marquess played off the two Lords and the Baronet against his former friend.

3. One possessing similar mastery in figurative senses (esp. as lord of ~)
   • ante 1300, Cursor Mundi, 782

     O wityng bath god and ill Ȝee suld be lauerds at ȝour will.

   • 1398, Bartholomew de Glanville, translated by John Trevisa, De Proprietatibus Rerum, published 1495, viii. xvi. 322:

     The sonne is the lorde of planetes.

   • 1697, Virgil, “The Third Book of the Georgics”, in John Dryden, transl., The Works of Virgil: Containing His Pastorals, Georgics, and Æneis. […], London: […] Jacob Tonson, […], →OCLC:

     Love is Lord of all.

   • 1895, Kenneth Graham, The Golden Age, London, page 8:

     The masterful wind was up and out, shouting and chasing, the lord of the morning.

   • 1992 November 18, Larry David, Seinfeld, 4.11: "The Contest":

     But are you still master of your domain?

     I am king of the county. You?

     Lord of the manor.

   1. A magnate of a trade or profession.

      The Tobacco Lords were a group of Scottish merchants and slave traders who in the 18th century made enormous fortunes by trading in tobacco.

      • 1823, W. Cobbett, Rural Rides, published 1885, I. 399:

        Oh, Oh! The cotton Lords are tearing!

4. (astrology) The heavenly body considered to possess a dominant influence over an event, time, etc.
   • c. 1391, Geoffrey Chaucer, Treatise on the Astrolabe, ii. §4:

     The assendent, & eke the lord of the assendent, may be shapen for to be fortunat or infortunat, as thus, a fortunat assendent clepen they whan þat no wykkid planete, as Saturne or Mars, or elles the tail of the dragoun, is in þe hows of the assendent.

5. (British, slang, obsolete) A hunchback.
   • 1699, B.E., A new dictionary of the terms ancient and modern of the canting crew:

     Lord, a very crooked, deformed... Person.

6. (British, Australia, via Cockney rhyming slang, obsolete) Sixpence.
   • 1933 November 16, Times Literary Supplement, 782/1:

     Twenty years ago you might hear a sixpence described as a ‘Lord’ meaning ‘Lord of the Manor’; that is, a tanner.

Synonyms

• (master, owner): drighten, possessor, proprietor, sovereign

Derived terms

• banner lord
• chief lord
• crime lord
• drug lord
• drunk as a lord
• feudal lord
• harvest lord
• House of Lords
• Irish lord
• laird
• landlord
• law lord
• lay lord
• liege lord
• lord and master
• lord-dom
• lorddom
• lord-fish
• lordful
• lordhood
• lord in gross
• lord-in-waiting
• lordish
• lord it over
• lordless
• lordlike
• lordliness
• lordly
• Lord Mayor
• lord mesne
• lordness
• lord of all one surveys
• lord of the bedchamber
• lord of the flies
• lord of the manor
• lord of the rings
• lord paramount
• lord protector
• lordship
• lords of creation
• Lords Spiritual
• Lords Temporal
• lord superior
• lordy
• mesne lord
• overlord
• slumlord
• warlord

Descendants

• Belizean Creole: laad
• → Bengali: লাট (laṭ)
  • → Hindi: लाट (lāṭ)
• → Czech: lord
• → Faroese: lordur
• → Greek: λόρδος (lórdos)
• Gullah: lawd
• → Hungarian: lord
• → Italian: lord
• Jamaican Creole: laad
• Pijin: lod
• → Portuguese: lorde
• → Russian: ло́рд (lórd)
• → Serbo-Croatian: lȍrd / ло̏рд
• → Spanish: lord
• Torres Strait Creole: lod
• → Turkish: lord
• → Yiddish: לאָרד (lord)

Translations

master of a household

Afrikaans: heer (af) Albanian: zot (sq), zonjë (sq) Arabic: رَبّ m (rabb) Basque: jaun Belarusian: гаспада́р (be) m (haspadár), валада́р m (valadár) Bulgarian: стопанин (bg) m (stopanin), господар (bg) m (gospodar) Catalan: castellà (ca) Chinese: Mandarin: 領主 / 领主 (zh) (lǐngzhǔ), 领主 (zh) (lǐngzhǔ) Danish: herre (da) c, husbond c, husherre c Dutch: heer (nl) m, landheer (nl) m Finnish: isäntä (fi), herra (fi) French: châtelain (fr) Galician: casteleiro (gl) m, castelao m, dono (gl) m, señor (gl) m, coime m, patrón (gl) m Gothic: 𐍆𐍂𐌰𐌿𐌾𐌰 m (frauja) Greek: κύριος (el) m (kýrios), πυργοδεσπότης (el) m (pyrgodespótis) Ancient: δεσπότης m (despótēs), κύριος m (kúrios), ἄναξ m (ánax) Hebrew: אדון (he) m (adón) Hindi: मालिक (hi) m (mālik), साहिब (hi) m (sāhib), साहब (hi) m (sāhab) Hungarian: úr (hu) Icelandic: herra (is) m, húsbóndi (is) m Ido: kastelestro (io) Indonesian: tuan (id) Irish: tiarna (ga) m Italian: castellano Japanese: 主 (ja) (しゆ, shu) Khmer: ម្ចាស់ (km) (mchah), ប្ដី (km) (bdey) Latin: dominus (la) m Macedonian: сто́пан m (stópan), го́сподар m (góspodar) Manchu: ᡝᠵᡝᠨ (ejen) Old English: hlāford m Persian: کدخدا (fa) (kadxodâ), کدیور (fa) (kadivar) Polish: gospodarz (pl) m Portuguese: castelão (pt) Russian: хозя́ин (ru) m (xozjáin) Scottish Gaelic: tighearna (gd) m Serbo-Croatian: gospodar (sh) m Spanish: castellano (es) Swedish: herre (sv) c Tagalog: poon Turkish: efendi (tr), reis (tr), baş (tr), erk (tr), bey (tr) Ukrainian: госпо́дар (uk) m (hospódar), воло́дар (uk) m (volódar), хазя́їн m (xazjájin) Vandalic: froia m Vietnamese: chúa (vi) (主 (vi)), lãnh chúa (vi) (領主 (vi)) White Hmong: tswv Yakut: тойон (toyon) Zazaki: lord, ser (diq), serek (diq), ape m

property owner

Albanian: lekë (sq), zot (sq), zonjë (sq) Aramaic: Classical Syriac: ܡܪܐ m (mārā) Jewish Aramaic: מָרָא m (mārā) Armenian: տեր (hy) (ter) Breton: aotroù m Bulgarian: собственик (bg) m (sobstvenik) Catalan: senyor (ca) Danish: herre (da) c, godsejer c Finnish: omistaja (fi), maanomistaja (fi), kartanonherra (fi), isäntä (fi) Galician: señor (gl) m, dono (gl) m, amo (gl) m German: Gebieter (de) m Gothic: 𐍆𐍂𐌰𐌿𐌾𐌰 m (frauja) Greek: κύριος (el) m (kýrios), αφέντης (el) m (aféntis) Ancient: κύριος m (kúrios), δεσπότης m (despótēs), ἄναξ m (ánax) Hindi: लार्ड (hi) m (lārḍ) Icelandic: herra (is) m Indonesian: tuan (id) Italian: signore (it) m Khmer: ម្ចាស់ (km) (mchah), លោកព្រឹទ្ធាចារ្យ (louk prɨttʰiechaa) Latin: dominus (la) m Macedonian: го́сподар m (góspodar) Occitan: senhor (oc) m Old English: hlāford m Old French: seignor Persian: ارباب (fa) (arbâb) Polish: właściciel (pl) m Portuguese: senhor (pt) m Russian: господи́н (ru) m (gospodín), власти́тель (ru) m (vlastítelʹ), владе́лец (ru) m (vladélec) Scots: laird Scottish Gaelic: tighearna (gd) m, triath m Spanish: señor (es) m Turkish: efendi (tr), sahip (tr), iye (tr), ağa (tr) White Hmong: tswv Zazaki: wahêr (diq) c, wêr c

ruler, one having mastery over others

Afrikaans: owerste Albanian: lekë (sq), zot (sq), zonjë (sq) Arabic: رَبّ m (rabb) Azerbaijani: bəy (az) Breton: aotrou (br) Bulgarian: властелин (bg) m (vlastelin), господар (bg) (gospodar) Catalan: senyor (ca) m Chinese: Mandarin: 領主 / 领主 (zh) (lǐngzhǔ), 君主 (zh) (jūnzhǔ), 統治者 / 统治者 (zh) (tǒngzhìzhě) Czech: pán (cs) m Danish: herre (da) c, hersker (da) c Dutch: overste (nl) m or f, heer (nl) m Egyptian: (nb) Finnish: johtaja (fi), hallitsija (fi), valtias (fi) Galician: señor (gl) m Gothic: 𐍆𐍂𐌰𐌿𐌾𐌰 m (frauja) Greek: άρχοντας (el) m (árchontas), αφέντης (el) m (aféntis), δεσπότης (el) m (despótis) Ancient: ἄναξ m (ánax), δεσπότης m (despótēs), κοίρανος m (koíranos), μεδέων m (medéōn), πρύτανις (prútanis), κύριος m (kúrios) Hebrew: אדון (he) m (adón) Hindi: लार्ड (hi) m (lārḍ), सरवर (hi) m (sarvar), प्रभु (hi) m (prabhu), खुदा (hi) m (khudā) Hungarian: úr (hu) Indonesian: prabu (id) Italian: signore (it) m Japanese: 卿 (ja) (kyō) Kazakh: әмірші (kk) (ämırşı) Khmer: លោកនាយ (louk niey), ចៅហ្វាយ (km) (chav faa yɔɔ) Macedonian: господар m (gospodar), властелин m (vlastelin), велможа m (velmoža) Middle English: senyour, lord Middle Persian: 𐭡𐭢𐭩 (bagî) Nahuatl: tecutli Occitan: senhor (oc) m Old French: seignor Persian: سرور (fa) (sarvar), خدیو (fa) (xadiv) Polish: pan (pl) m Portuguese: senhor (pt) m Quechua: qhapaq Russian: властели́н (ru) m (vlastelín), повели́тель (ru) m (povelítelʹ), влады́ка (ru) m (vladýka) Sanskrit: प्रभु (sa) m (prabhu) Swedish: herre (sv) c Ternate: جوو (joou) Turkish: efendi (tr), bey (tr), hakan (tr), kağan (tr), ağa (tr) Vandalic: froia m Vietnamese: lãnh chúa (vi) (領主 (vi)) White Hmong: tswv Zazaki: beg (diq) m, ağa m

aristocrat

Afrikaans: heer (af) Albanian: lekë (sq), zot (sq), zonjë (sq) Aramaic: Classical Syriac: ܡܪܐ m (mārā), ܪܘܪܒܐ pl (rawrəḇē) Jewish Aramaic: מָרָא m (mārā) Belarusian: пан m (pan), лорд m (lord), вяльмо́жа m (vjalʹmóža) Bulgarian: лорд m (lord) Chinese: Mandarin: 貴族 / 贵族 (zh) (guìzú) Czech: pán (cs) m, aristokrat m Danish: lensherre c, hersker (da) c, lord (da) Dutch: landheer (nl) m Finnish: aristokraatti (fi), ylhäisyys (fi), lordi (fi) French: seigneur (fr) m, monsieur (fr) m German: Herr (de) m Gothic: 𐍆𐍂𐌰𐌿𐌾𐌰 m (frauja) Greek: δεσπότης (el) m (despótis), λόρδος (el) m (lórdos), άρχοντας (el) m (árchontas), ευγενής (el) m (evgenís) Ancient: ἄναξ m (ánax), πρύτανις (prútanis) Hindi: लार्ड (hi) m (lārḍ), खुदावंद (hi) m (khudāvand) Icelandic: lávarður (is) m Indonesian: prabu (id) Irish: tiarna (ga) m Italian: signore (it) m Latin: dominus (la) m Macedonian: го́сподар m (góspodar), лорд m (lord), вла́стелин m (vlástelin), ве́лможа m (vélmoža) Maori: rōre Middle English: senyour, lord Middle Korean: 어비〮ᄆᆞᆮ (èpímòt) Nahuatl: tecutli Occitan: senhor (oc) m, lòrd (oc) Old French: seignor Persian: خداوندگار (fa) (xodâvandgâr) Polish: lord (pl) m Portuguese: senhor (pt) m, lorde (pt) m Russian: лорд (ru) m (lord), вельмо́жа (ru) m (velʹmóža) Scottish Gaelic: tighearna (gd) m Sorbian: Lower Sorbian: kněz m Turkish: beyefendi (tr), toyun Ukrainian: лорд m (lord), вельмо́жа m (velʹmóža) Welsh: arglwydd (cy) m Yiddish: לאָרד m (lord), אָדון m (odn), שׂררה m (srore) Zazaki: herogırse

titled nobleman

Afrikaans: heer (af) Albanian: lekë (sq) Belarusian: пан m (pan) Bulgarian: лорд m (lord) Dutch: heer (nl) m Finnish: aatelinen (fi), aatelismies (fi) Greek: λόρδος (el) m (lórdos), ευγενής (el) m (evgenís) Ancient: δεσπότης m (despótēs) Hindi: लार्ड (hi) m (lārḍ) Hungarian: lord (hu) Indonesian: prabu (id) Italian: nobile (it) m or f, nobiluomo (it) m, nobildonna (it) f Kazakh: әмірші (kk) (ämırşı) Khmer: លោកម្ចាស់ (looka’ mchah), ចៅ (km) (chav) Macedonian: лорд m (lord), го́сподар m (góspodar), ве́лможа m (vélmoža) Nahuatl: tecutli Persian: لرد (fa) (lord) Polish: lord (pl) m Portuguese: senhor (pt) m, lorde (pt) m Russian: лорд (ru) m (lord), вельмо́жа (ru) m (velʹmóža) Spanish: lord (es) m Turkish: beyefendi (tr), toyun

The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.

Translations to be checked

Interlingua: (please verify) senior Persian: (please verify) خدا (fa) (xodâ) Serbo-Croatian: (please verify) gospodar (sh) Slovak: (please verify) pán (sk)

See also

• lady

Verb

lord (third-person singular simple present lords, present participle lording, simple past and past participle lorded)

1. (intransitive and transitive) To domineer or act like a lord.
   • 1579, Immeritô [pseudonym; Edmund Spenser], “December. Ægloga Duodecima.”, in The Shepheardes Calender: […], London: […] Iohn Wolfe for Iohn Harrison the yonger, […], →OCLC:

     The grisly toadstool grown there might I see, / And loathed paddocks lording on the same.

2. (transitive) To invest with the dignity, power, and privileges of a lord; to grant the title of lord.
   • c. 1610–1611, William Shakespeare, The Tempest, act 1, scene 2:

     He being thus lorded / Not only with what my revenue yielded, / But what my power might else exact, […] / he did believe / He was indeed the Duke

Synonyms

• (made a lord): elevate, ennoble, invest

Derived terms

• (act like a lord): lord it over

Translations

to lord over

Bulgarian: владея (bg) (vladeja), господствам (bg) (gospodstvam) Catalan: senyorejar (ca) Chinese: Mandarin: 作威作福 (zh) (zuòwēizuòfú) Danish: spille (da) herre (da) Dutch: heerser (nl) m Finnish: ylvästellä (fi), esiintyä herrana, herrastella German: herrschen (de) Italian: dominare (it), governare (it) Macedonian: госпо́дари (gospódari) Russian: госпо́дствовать (ru) (gospódstvovatʹ), вла́ствовать (ru) (vlástvovatʹ) Slovak: pánčiť sa, rozťahovať sa

References

• William Dwight Whitney, Benjamin E[li] Smith, editors (1911), “lord”, in The Century Dictionary […], New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., →OCLC.
• “lord”, in OneLook Dictionary Search.

1. Oxford English Dictionary, 1st ed. "lord, n.". Oxford University Press (Oxford), 1903.

Faroese

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /lɔɻʈ/

Noun

lord

1. indefinite accusative singular of lordur

Hungarian

Etymology

Borrowed from English lord.^[1]

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈlord]
• Hyphenation: lord
• Rhymes: -ord

Noun

lord (plural lordok)

1. an English peer of the realm or nobleman

Declension

Inflection (stem in -o-, back harmony)

	singular	plural
nominative	lord	lordok
accusative	lordot	lordokat
dative	lordnak	lordoknak
instrumental	lorddal	lordokkal
causal-final	lordért	lordokért
translative	lorddá	lordokká
terminative	lordig	lordokig
essive-formal	lordként	lordokként
essive-modal	—	—
inessive	lordban	lordokban
superessive	lordon	lordokon
adessive	lordnál	lordoknál
illative	lordba	lordokba
sublative	lordra	lordokra
allative	lordhoz	lordokhoz
elative	lordból	lordokból
delative	lordról	lordokról
ablative	lordtól	lordoktól
non-attributive possessive – singular	lordé	lordoké
non-attributive possessive – plural	lordéi	lordokéi

Possessive forms of lord

possessor	single possession	multiple possessions
1st person sing.	lordom	lordjaim
2nd person sing.	lordod	lordjaid
3rd person sing.	lordja	lordjai
1st person plural	lordunk	lordjaink
2nd person plural	lordotok	lordjaitok
3rd person plural	lordjuk	lordjaik

References

1. Tótfalusi, István. Idegenszó-tár: Idegen szavak értelmező és etimológiai szótára (’A Storehouse of Foreign Words: an explanatory and etymological dictionary of foreign words’). Budapest: Tinta Könyvkiadó, 2005. →ISBN

Further reading

• lord in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (“The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language”, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN

Italian

Etymology

Borrowed from English lord.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈlɔrd/^[1]
• Rhymes: -ɔrd
• Hyphenation: lòrd

Noun

lord m (invariable)

1. lord (British aristocrat)
2. gentleman

References

1. lord in Luciano Canepari, Dizionario di Pronuncia Italiana (DiPI)

Middle English

Alternative forms

• lorde, lhord, lourd, lourde, laverd
• lhoaverd, laford, laverd, loverd, louerd, lowerd (Early Middle English)

Etymology

From Old English hlāford, hlāfweard, in turn from hlāf (“bread, loaf”) + weard (“ward, guardian, keeper”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /lɔːrd/
• (Early Middle English) IPA^(key): /ˈlɔːwərd/, /ˈlɔːvərd/

Noun

lord (plural lordes)

1. lord (important man)
   • c. 1275, Judas (Roud 2964, Child Ballad 23, Trinity College MS. B.14.39)‎, folio 34, recto, lines 22-23; republished at Cambridge: Wren Digital Library (Trinity College), 2019 May 29:

     I nul ſulle my louerd foꝛ noneſ cunneſ eiſte. / bote hit be foꝛ þe þritti platen. þat he me bitaiſte.

     "I won't betray my Lord for any kind of good, / except for the thirty pieces that he left me."

   • c. 1335-1361, William of Palerne (MS. King's College 13), folio 71, recto, lines 4538-4539; republished as W. W. Skeat, editor, The Romance of William of Palerne‎, London: Kegan Paul, Trench, Trübner & Co., 1867, →OCLC, page 145:

     […] to fare out as faſt · wiþ his fader to ſpeke / ⁊ with lordesse of þat lond · þat him had long miſſed

     […] to comfortably leave to speak with his father and lords from that realm who'd missed him for a long while.

2. Lord (title of God)

Derived terms

• landlorde
• lordles
• lordly
• lordlyng
• yere of our lord

Descendants

• English: lord (see there for further descendants)
• Scots: laird
  • → English: laird
• Yola: loard
• → Icelandic: lávarður (through laverd)

References

• “lōrd, n.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.

Proper noun

lord

1. (Christianity) Lord: Jesus Christ, God the Son
   • c. 1400, Lay Folks Mass, Bk. App. iii. 125:

     Þou art a sooþfaste leche, lord.

     (please add an English translation of this quotation)

Interjection

lord

1. (originally an invocation) Lord: an interjection variously expressing astonishment, surprise, resignation
   • c. 1384, John Wyclif, Selected Works, III.358:

     Lord! in tyme of Jesus Crist ... were men not bounden to shryve hem þus.

     (please add an English translation of this quotation)

   • c. 1400, Lanfranc of Milan, Practica (trans. as The Science of Chirgurie), 298:

     O lord, whi is it so greet difference betwix a cirurgian & a phisician.

     (please add an English translation of this quotation)

See also

• Lord

Polish

Polish Wikipedia has an article on:

lord

Wikipedia ^pl

Etymology

Borrowed from English lord, from Middle English lord and lorde, from lourde, from lowerd, louerd, loverd, laford, lhoaverd, from Old English hlāford, from hlāfweard.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈlɔrt/

• Audio:

  (file)

• Rhymes: -ɔrt
• Syllabification: lord

Noun

lord m pers

1. Lord (aristocratic title for a man)
2. lord (aristocrat)
3. lord (titled nobleman)

Declension

	singular	plural
nominative	lord	lordowie
genitive	lorda	lordów
dative	lordowi	lordom
accusative	lorda	lordów
instrumental	lordem	lordami
locative	lordzie	lordach
vocative	lordzie	lordowie

Declension of lord

Related terms

(adjective):

• lordowski

(nouns):

• lord kanclerz
• lord major
• lord protektor
• lordostwo
• lordówna

Further reading

• lord in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
• lord in Polish dictionaries at PWN

Romanian

Etymology

Borrowed from English lord or French lord.

Noun

lord m (plural lorzi)

1. lord

Declension

Declension of lord

	singular			plural
	indefinite	definite		indefinite	definite
nominative-accusative	lord	lordul		lorzi	lorzii
genitive-dative	lord	lordului		lorzi	lorzilor
vocative	lordule			lorzilor

Serbo-Croatian

Etymology

Borrowed from English lord.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /lôrd/

Noun

lȍrd m (Cyrillic spelling ло̏рд)

1. lord (British title)

Declension

	singular	plural
nominative	lȍrd	lòrdovi
genitive	lorda	lòrdōvā
dative	lordu	lordovima
accusative	lorda	lordove
vocative	lorde	lordovi
locative	lordu	lordovima
instrumental	lordom	lordovima

Declension of lord

References

• “lord”, in Hrvatski jezični portal [Croatian language portal] (in Serbo-Croatian), 2006–2025

Spanish

Etymology

Borrowed from English lord.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈloɾd/ [ˈloɾð̞]
  • Rhymes: -oɾd
  • Syllabification: lord
• IPA^(key): /ˈloɾ/ [ˈloɾ]
  • Rhymes: -oɾ

Noun

lord m (plural lores)

1. lord (British title)

Related terms

• milord

Further reading

• “lord”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10

Turkish

Alternative forms

• lort

Etymology

From Ottoman Turkish لورد (lord), from English lord, from Middle English lord, lorde, from Old English hlāford, hlāfweard, a compound of hlāf (“bread”) + weard (“guardian”)

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ɫoɾd]
• Hyphenation: lord

Noun

lord (definite accusative lordu, plural lordlar)

1. lord

   Hypernym: asilzade

2. (slang) filthy rich
3. (rhetoric) big daddy

Declension

Declension of lord

singular plural nominative lord lordlar definite accusative lordu lordları dative lorda lordlara locative lordda lordlarda ablative lorddan lordlardan genitive lordun lordların Possessive forms nominative singular plural 1st singular lordum lordlarım 2nd singular lordun lordların 3rd singular lordu lordları 1st plural lordumuz lordlarımız 2nd plural lordunuz lordlarınız 3rd plural lordları lordları definite accusative singular plural 1st singular lordumu lordlarımı 2nd singular lordunu lordlarını 3rd singular lordunu lordlarını 1st plural lordumuzu lordlarımızı 2nd plural lordunuzu lordlarınızı 3rd plural lordlarını lordlarını dative singular plural 1st singular lorduma lordlarıma 2nd singular lorduna lordlarına 3rd singular lorduna lordlarına 1st plural lordumuza lordlarımıza 2nd plural lordunuza lordlarınıza 3rd plural lordlarına lordlarına locative singular plural 1st singular lordumda lordlarımda 2nd singular lordunda lordlarında 3rd singular lordunda lordlarında 1st plural lordumuzda lordlarımızda 2nd plural lordunuzda lordlarınızda 3rd plural lordlarında lordlarında ablative singular plural 1st singular lordumdan lordlarımdan 2nd singular lordundan lordlarından 3rd singular lordundan lordlarından 1st plural lordumuzdan lordlarımızdan 2nd plural lordunuzdan lordlarınızdan 3rd plural lordlarından lordlarından genitive singular plural 1st singular lordumun lordlarımın 2nd singular lordunun lordlarının 3rd singular lordunun lordlarının 1st plural lordumuzun lordlarımızın 2nd plural lordunuzun lordlarınızın 3rd plural lordlarının lordlarının

Related terms

• Lordlar Kamarası